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TOEIC・English Undergraduate

「教科書のこの部分の要点を日本語で書け」 なんて書けばいいでしょうか😵‍💫😵‍💫

10-2 Expressing the Past: Necessity, Advisability, Expectation PRESENT:(a) Julia has to get a visa. (b) Julia has got to get a visa. (c) Julia must get a visa. Past necessity: had to In (d): had to needed to: Julia needed to get a visa. There is no other past form for must (when it rmeans neceasity) or have got to. PAST: (d) Julia had to get a visa. PRESENT:(e) I should study for the test. I want to Past advisability: pass it. (f) lought to study for the test. (g) T had better study for the test. should have ought to have + past participle In the past, should is more common than ought to. The past form of had better (had better have) is almost never used. PAST: Ifailed the test. (h) Ishould have studied for it. (i) lought to have studied for it. (i) I shouldn't have gone to the movies the night before. The meaning in (h) and (i): Studying was a good idea, but 1 didn't do it. I made a mistake. The meaning in (j): It was a bad idea to go to the movies. I made a mistake. Usual pronunciation of should have: “should-ev" or “should-e." lao was/were supposed to: unfulfilled expectation or obligation in the past PRESENT:(k) We are supposed to leave now. PAST: (1) We were supposed toleave last week. PRESENT:(m)The mail should be here. Should have + past participle: past expectation The speaker expected something to happen%; it may or may not have occurred, as in (n).. PAST: (n) The mail should have been here by now.

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TOEIC・English Undergraduate

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Abstract. In the present study, we investigated the effect of the Kampo medicme Yokukansan (YKS) on pentobarbital-induced sleep in group-housed and socially isolated mice. Socially isolated mice showed shorter sleeping time than the group-housed mice. YKS (300 mg/kg, p.o.) prolonged the pentobarbital-mduced sleeping time in socally isolated mice without affecting pentobarbtal sleep In group-housed mice. The prolongation of sleeping time by YKS was reversed by bcucul- Ine (3 mg/kg, ip.) and flumazenil (3 mg/kg, ip.), but not WAY100635. These findings suggest that the でABA。 - benzodiazepine receptor complex, but not 5-HTi。 receptors, 1s involved in the reversal effect of YKS on the decrease of pentobarbital sleep by socal isolation. eyの7の: sleep, soclal isolation, Yokukansan YKS), a Kampo medicine, is widely nia, Irritability, and screamng attacks. monstrated to improve behavioral and nptoms of dementia (BPSD), such as ltation, and irritability, in a randomized er, YKS improves sleep disturbance im ぐT) /う) 丁hnns 1c にak 人haf VIEKS bital-mduced sleep in group-housed and socially isolated mice. In addition, the 7?-aminobutyric acld。 (GABAA) benzodiazepine receptor complex is involved in the de- crease Of pentobarbital sleep by soclal isolation (7). Furthermore, social isolation influences でABAAreceptor subunit expression and postsynaptic serotonniA (5-HT」A) eneTfnr hinrhino in ncre (CS 9O) 征haerefnTe te alcn =eマamnュ=

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