至急！！私立大学看護学部の過去問です。答えがないため、回答を作って欲しいです！！科目は英語です。

問題番号に対応 効とする。 うち受験票お researchers at the University of Veterinary Medicine in Vienna, Austria, have found. Dogs won't give food to a human, even if that person gave them some food first, and that they would help other dogs that had helped them before. Therefore, the team Previous studies have shown that dogs can recognize cooperative and uncooperative humans, "reciprocal altruism"- that is, doing a good thing in return to a human who had given expected to find that their test subjects would put these two things together and show To start, the team trained a group of 37 dogs to press a button which would activate a them food first. *enclosure with the dispenser, while one of (2) two humans was in a separate enclosure with the button. One would press the button to food dispenser. Then, they put each dog in an would not. Each dog was paired with both humans in give food to the dog, and (4) unhelpful one. turn. After that, the researchers switched over the button and the dispenser. They expected that the dogs would press the button to give food to the helpful human but not to the though the dogs did press the button, they did it just as often when either human had the food dispenser, and even when no human was there at all. "In these kinds of studies (5) [perform / to / dogs / which/ trained / are in a particular behavior for an experiment, they will usually do the behavior a few times as they have simply learned the association between the behavior and getting a reward, and it may be enjoyable for them to do the behavior," said Jim McGetrick, a PhD student at the University of Veterinary Medicine in Vienna who led the research. 身を正しく が本冊子 1番 2 次の英文を読んで下の設問に答えなさい。 (3) giving us some food? Are they a combination of reasons. "It is (6) Why wouldn't our best pals want to help us out by secretly all bad boys and girls? McGetrick believes there is possible that the dogs did not understand enough about the task to realize that only one of the humans was providing them with food," he said. It could also be because they didn't fully understand the button and dispenser system, or because they were too focused on the food to notice whether a particular human was pressing the button or not. "Having said all that, even if they did completely understand the task and were fully attentive to the actions of the humans, there is still a good possibility that they wouldn't have given food back in return," he added. "It could be that providing food to a dog as they do not typically do that in everyday life." After all, humans are the ones who human is something very strange for (7) already have food, from a dog's perspective. why would your pet need to worry about (8) making sure you have enough? However, all the humans in the study were people the dogs didn't know. "It is quite 5

最後の一文の分構造についてなのですがto itは何を指しているのでしょうか？thatがgreatnessなのはわかるのですが元の形に戻すとgive greatness to itとなってしまってわからなくなってしまいました。

A 12 So intimate is the relation between a language and the people who speak it that the two can scarcely be thought of apart. A language ~として 接 lives only so long as there are people who speak it and use it as their native tongue, and its greatness is only that given to it by these people. give to a 指示代名詞 Such

（5）についてeat the foodsではダメですか？

erdeen me we w break ma 東京医科歯科大 One reason may be breakfast's nutritional value-partly because cereal is Tarified with vitamins. In one study on the breakfast babits of 1.600 young people Julete, vitamin C, iron and calcium, was better in those who had breakfast in the U, researchers found that the fire and micronutrient intale, including of regularly. There have been sämiäer finelings in Australia, Brazil, Canada and the Breakfast is also associated with improved brain function, including concentration and language. A review of 54 studies found that eating breakfast can improve memory, though the effects on other brain functions were inconclusive. However, one of the review's researchers, Mary Beth Spitznagel says there is "reasonable" evidence breakfast does improve concentration-there just needs to be more research. "Looking at studies that tested concentration, the number of studies showing a benefit was exactly the same as the number that found no benefit," she says. "And no studies found that eating breakfast was bad for concentration." What's most important, some argue, is what we eat for breakfast. High-protein breakfasts have been found particularly effective in reducing food fravings and consumption later in the day, according to research by the Australian Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation. While cereal remains a firm favourite among breakfast consumers in the UK and US, a recent Which? investigation into the sugar content of 'adult' breakfast cereals found that some cereals contain more than three quarters of the recommended daily amount of free sugars in each portion, and sugar was the second or third highest ingredient in seven out of 10 flaked cereals. 5)PV But some research suggests if we're going to eat sugary foods, it's best to do it early. One study found that changing levels of the appetite hormone leptin in the body throughout the day coincide with having our lowest threshold for sweet food in the morning, while scientists from Tel Aviv University have found that hunger is best regulated in the morning. They recruited 200 obese adults to take part in a 16-week-long diet, where half added dessert to their breakfast, and half didn't. Those who added dessert lost an average of 40 lbs (18 kg) more-however, the study was unable to show the long-term effects.

（1）（3）〜（6）教えてください

2 次の英文を読んで,あとの各問いに答えなさい。 Nancy and Saori are fifteen years old. Nancy came to Japan from New York last week. They are *neighbors. (1) Yesterday Saori invited Nancy to a welcome party. When Nancy came to Saori's home, Saori's mother said, We are going to have a party for you.” “Hi, Nancy. Today I'm going to 5 make sushi,” said Saori's father. Then Saori asked, “Do you like sushi?” “Yes, I like it very much, " Nancy answered. Then Saori's father went to the kitchen with Saori's mother to make sushi. Nancy and Saori went to the *living room and enjoyed ② (talk). Nancy asked Saori, “I have never made sushi *myself. “No, it's easy. Let's try next time,” said Saori. (3) An hour later, Saori's mother (to / to / told / come / the table / Nancy and Saori). When they *were ready to eat, Saori said something. “What did you say?" Nancy asked. “I said, Itadakimasu. We say it before eating.” Nancy said, “What does it mean?” Saori thought for a while and said, “*Maybe it means 'I will eat it.' It's an *expression to use before eating.” “Is there an expression to use (⑤) eating?” “Yes, Nancy. It's 'Gochisosama. It means ‘It was good food,' I think.” “Oh, I see. I've just learned two new Japanese expressions." Then Nancy said, “Itadakimasu,” and started 15⑥(eat). 10 〔注〕 neighbor 隣人 living room 居間 myself 私自身で ~ be ready to 〜 〜する準備ができている maybe たぶん expression 表現、語句 ① に適する文をア~エから選び, 記号で答えなさい。 (1) ア You are welcome. イ Nice to meet you. ウ Excuse me. (2) ②, ⑥の()内の動詞を,適する形 (1語) になおして書きなさい。 ② talking ⑥ eating (6) (3) 話の流れに合うように, ③に適する疑問文を書きなさい。 I I'm sorry. ( ) 8 (4) 下線部④が意味の通る正しい英文になるように,( )内の語句を並べかえなさい。 An hour later, Saori's mother (5) (⑤) に a で始まる適する1語を書きなさい。 (6) 本文の内容と合うように、次の問いに3語の英文で答えなさい。 Was this the first time for Nancy to eat sushi? SOMNB ******* et aid?

③はat first になるんですけどどうやってとけばいいんでしょうか?なにか方法があれば教えて欲しいです

結化(Yuka), リリ 九里(M. Greenの英語の授業で発表を行いました。 発表を聞いたクリー ン先生は, 結花さんの発表についてコメントを書きました。 【 結花さんの発表】 【グリーン先生のコメント を読んで,後の1から8までの各問いに答えなさい。 sog vin 【結花さんの発表】 He Many people in Shiga have worked as volunteers. My grandfather is one of them. worked as a junior high school math teacher for many years and retired five years ago. He has worked as a volunteer at the community center since then. Many children go there to play and study together after school and on weekends. He helps them ( 1 ) every day. He always says that working for other people makes him happy. His words made me interested in volunteer work. bon OR I became a high school student and wanted to try something new. So I did volunteer work at the community center this summer. Now, I will talk about my experiences. I hope my speech will give you a chance to think about volunteer work. During summer vacation, I visited the community center. The community center 【used / many /is/ people/byl living in my city. And the volunteers do a variety of work. My first volunteer work was to take care of elderly people. I played some games and talked with them in the morning. Mr. Sato, one of the elderly men, said to me, "I had a good time today. I live alone and don't have so many chances to talk to other people, especially to young people like you. So I enjoyed talking with you." I was happy to hear that. In the afternoon, I saw a little foreign girl in the playroom. She was drawing a picture alone. ), I hesitated to talk to her because of my English. Then I remembered Mr. Sato's words. So I went to the girl and said, "Hi, I'm Yuka. You are good at drawing pictures. [4]" She smiled and showed me her picture. Then she said, "I will give this picture to my Japanese friend for her birthday. I want to write 'Happy Birthday!' in Japanese on the picture. Can you teach me how to write it?" I was glad to hear that. I taught her how to write it in hiragana. She practiced many times and looked very happy when she saw the picture after she finally finished 5[write] her message in Japanese. Then she said to me, "Thank you for helping me!" Her big smile made me very happy. These experiences reminded me of my grandfather's words. Before doing volunteer work, I thought that helping other people was to make them happy. However, I realized that helping other people made me happy,) too. So we can [ 6 ]. Now I'm looking forward to doing volunteer work again during spring vacation. Thank you for listening. (注) volunteer(s): ボランティアをする人 retire: 退職する community center: E play : 遊ぶ hesitate : ためらう chance : playroom: 【グリーン先生のコメント】 Your speech was great. I'm glad that you learned an important thing. I do volunteer work, too. I visit the city library every Saturday. I help foreign people there. Some foreign people don't understand Japanese. So I help them borrow books. Do you like to read books? The staff members are looking for someone who can read books to children. If you are interested, why don't we visit it together this Saturday?

what which〜he observed の部分訳が「これら2人の科学者のそれぞれが観察したと思ったことに関して」になっているのですが「これらの科学者2人が観察したことについてそれぞれ考えたことに関して」では意味が変わってしまいますか？

24 Luckily, we have some record of what each of these two scientists thought he observed, and it is instructive to compare their private notes, if we are to understand the reasons for the great differences between them.

2段落4行目の enjoyed はここではどういう意味ですか？ 訳の分からして、鑑賞する でいいのでしょうか？

意図される there is a really powerful and growing 去る 0FP8 美術作品 which leaves no waste behind 2 for example People spend hours creating amazing artworks in sculpturs, the sand. Sand sculpture competitions are held on beaches all around the world. These amazing, complex art forms which can even be five meters tall and take days to build, 複雑な Am 18 are enjoyed for a short time before they just become part of the beach again. Some artists create *edible art, such as decorated cakes (or chocolate sculptures As though many people take videos or [2] 下線部 雨で非 [3] What comp Some it is [4] 以下 The

この2問が分かりません、、 誰か助けてください🙇‍♀️ ちなみに答えはbcと順に2、3です！

(b) It's really cold outside. The temperature is ( 1. down 2. below ) freezing point. 31) < 4. before resuloads I 3. beyond 1) (c) ( ) tired my father is when he comes home from work, he always cooks dinner with my mother. 201 20240 edi of quilesqqs 10 1. However much neup 10 viilsup 2. Whatever 3. No matter how 4. Although

選択問題で正解はbなのですが、他の選択肢が誤りな理由を教えて頂きたいです。

3. The thought flashed through his mind ( (b) that (a) when ) he was going to die. (d) if (c) because

関係詞の分野です。至急解答をお願いします🙏

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