青くしてある文の文構造と訳し方を教えていただきたいです🙇‍♀️ また、mainstream America の語順に違和感を感じていて、（American mainstream とした方が正しくない？と思ってしまいます、、）それも解説いただきたいです。

Neil Hello. This is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English. I'm Neil. Georgie And I'm Georgie. Neil If I told you I'd been for a walk to see Big Ben and Buckingham Palace, you'd know straight away I was in London. Georgie But what if my walk went past cafes selling mozzarella and ricotta where I smelled freshly made cannolis and focaccia... Where would I be then? Neil Focaccia and mozzarella... you'd be in Italy, right? Georgie Yes, Italy, or 'Little Italy' to be exact - the neighbourhood in some cities where Italian communities settled and made their home. Neil These Italian arrivals opened shops and cafes selling food to their own communities. Soon dishes like spaghetti and meatballs attracted the attention of local people, and gradually Italian food became famous around the world. In this programme, we'll be taking a walk through two Little Italys, one in Argentina, the other in New York, and, as usual, we'll be learning some useful new vocabulary as well. But before that, I have a question for you, Georgie. According to a recent YouGov poll, which Italian food is most popular with British diners? Is it: a) pizza? b) lasagne? or c) garlic bread? Georgie I think it must be pizza. Neil Okay, Georgie, I'll reveal the answer at the end of the programme. One country Italians moved to was Argentina. In 1898, Giuseppe Banchero arrived in the neighbourhood of La Boca, the Little Italy of Buenos Aires, where many Italian immigrants started restaurants. Here, Hugo Banchero, grandson of Giuseppe, tells his story to Veronica Smink, reporter for BBC World Service programme, The Food Chain: Hugo Banchero Well, my grandfather came from Italy, from Genoa, from Liguria. He was born in the centre of Genoa and arrived here in 1898 at the age of seven and a half, and this pizzeria where we are was founded on March 28, 1972. We have been here for 91 years. Veronica Smink So what culinary traditions did they bring with them? Hugo Banchero Well, our culinary tradition is pizza, and we incorporated the faina from Genoa, which is a pizza with chickpea flour... Georgie In 1898, Giuseppe founded his pizzeria - a restaurant selling pizza. When a business is founded, it's established someone starts it, or sets it up. Neil Giuseppe brought the culinary traditions from his home in Liguria in northern Italy, including regional pizzas like faina and fugazzetta. The adjective culinary describes anything connected with cooking. Georgie But probably the best-known Little Italy in the world is an area of Manhattan's Lower East side in New York. Ninety percent of Italian immigrants who arrived in the US at the turn of the century came through this neighbourhood. Neil De Palos, one of the original shops selling Italian food in Little Italy, has been serving customers for 113 years. Here, Lou De Palo, co-owner and great-grandson of the original owner, Salvino, explains more about his family history to BBC World Service programme, The Food Chain: Lou De Palo 1925... when my grandmother, Concetta, and my grandfather, Luigi, got married, they open their own shop... it's the shop we continue today being the fourth generation working alongside my sister, Maria, my brother, Sal, and our children, the fifth generation. Our business has expanded; expanded to present the full food culture of the 20 regions of Italy. Little Italy is the stepping stone of the Italian immigrant. This is where many of the Italians first came through Ellis Island, and then settled here, and then eventually moved into mainstream America throughout the rest of the country. Georgie Lou De Palo is the fourth generation of his family to run the shop, and his children will be the fifth. Phrases like fourth or fifth generation describe the children of people whose parents immigrated to a particular country.

①赤いマーカーで引いてある部分（3箇所）の文構造 ②2枚目の写真の赤く囲んであるtoについて訳し方、用法等 ③2枚目の写真の、赤いアンダーラインが引いてあるin existanceの訳し方等 以上の３つを解説いただきたいです🙇たくさんすみません💦よろしくお願いします🙏

Note: This is not a word-for-word transcript. Neil Hello. This is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English. I'm Neil. Beth And I'm Beth. Neil Shhh! Quiet please! I'm trying to read here, Beth! Beth Oh, excuse me! I didn't know this was a library. Neil Well, what exactly is a library? Have you ever thought about that? Beth Well, somewhere with lots of books I suppose, where you go to read or study. Neil A symbol of knowledge and learning, a place to keep warm in the winter, or somewhere to murder victims in a crime novel: libraries can be all of these things, and more. Beth In this programme, we'll be looking into the hidden life of the library, including one of the most famous, the Great Library of Alexandria, founded in ancient Egypt in around 285 BCE. And as usual, we'll be learning some useful new vocabulary, and doing it all in a whisper so as not to disturb anyone! Neil Glad to hear it! But before we get out our library cards, I have a question for you, Beth. Founded in 1973 in central London, the British Library is one of the largest libraries in the world, containing around 200 million books. But which of the following can be found on its shelves. Is it: a) the earliest known printing of the Bible? b) the first edition of The Times' newspaper from 1788? or, c) the original manuscripts of the Harry Potter books? Beth I'II guess it's the first edition of the famous British newspaper, 'The Times'. Neil OK, Beth, I'll reveal the answer at the end of the programme. Libraries mean different things to different people, so who better to ask than someone who has written the book on it, literally. Professor Andrew Pettegree is the author of a new book, 'A Fragile History of the Library'. Here he explains what a library means to him to BBC Radio 3 programme, Art & Ideas: Andrew Pettegree Well, in my view, a library is any collection of books which is deliberately put together by its owner or patron. So, in the 15th century a library can be 30 manuscripts painfully put together during the course of a lifetime, or it can be two shelves of paperbacks in your home. Beth Andrew defines a library as any collection of books someone has intentionally built up. This could be as simple as a few paperbacks, cheap books with a cover made of thick paper.

The inn soon became a popular spot for Londoners wanting a break from the city's fast pace without having to travel too far. 宿泊施設はあまり遠くに出... Read More

vision questⅡ English expression hope70ページ preview 1.date&time 2.numbers(sizes,measurements,etc) 3.prices&Phone numbers listening task 1.... Read More

140 // TIT Activity for Communication 3 Preview Listen to the sentences below. 1 Dates & Times Listening for Numbers the on Enio 1. "The movie starts at 5:20. Can you be ready in ten minutes?" "OK. I'll try." 2. "What time is it now?" "It's 11:30." basalaila awohlsw 3. I have an appointment with the dentist this Thursday, the 10th. M 4. "When does school begin?" "It begins on April 8th." 5. Our school was established in 1965. 6. My family has lived in this town since 2005. 2 Numbers (sizes, measurements, etc.) 1. Two thirds of the students come to school by bus. 2. One mile is about 1,609 meters. 3. The city has a population of about 2.5 million. 4. The temperature dropped to 12°C. 5. APA Air Flight 125 for London will be departing from Gate 14 at 10:15. 3 Prices & Phone numbers 1. The price of this bag is $27.89, but you can have it at 10 percent off. 2. What would you do if you won 100 million yen in a lottery? 3. "A hamburger and a cola, please." "That'll be £2.99." 4. I need €20, but I'm €5 short. 5. My phone number is 612-750-5613. Listening Task Listen to the conversations and choose the correct answers. 1. How much of the earth's surface is covered by ocean? 1 more than one third more than one fourth 監督署 ER 70 3 more than two thirds 4 more than two fifths 2. When were the Olympic Games held in Atlanta? 1 in 1966 2 in 1969 3. How much did the dress cost? 1,100 yen 2 1,800 yen 3 in 1996 4 in 1999 S 8,000 yen ③ 13,000 48,800 yen bluros ④ 30,000 about 200,000 4. How many people can the concert hall hold? ① 1,300 ② 3,000 5. How many people live in the city? ①about 2,000 2 about 12,000 3 about 20,000 ① 207-7300 2207-7003 ③ 702-3300 6. What's the phone number of the restaurant? The number is 510- ④ 702-3003

vision questⅡ English expression hope70ページ preview 1.dates&time 2.numbers(sizes,measurements,etc) 3.prices&Phone numbers listening task 1... Read More

140 // TIT Activity for Communication 3 Preview Listen to the sentences below. 1 Dates & Times Listening for Numbers the on Enio 1. "The movie starts at 5:20. Can you be ready in ten minutes?" "OK. I'll try." 2. "What time is it now?" "It's 11:30." basalaila awohlsw 3. I have an appointment with the dentist this Thursday, the 10th. M 4. "When does school begin?" "It begins on April 8th." 5. Our school was established in 1965. 6. My family has lived in this town since 2005. 2 Numbers (sizes, measurements, etc.) 1. Two thirds of the students come to school by bus. 2. One mile is about 1,609 meters. 3. The city has a population of about 2.5 million. 4. The temperature dropped to 12°C. 5. APA Air Flight 125 for London will be departing from Gate 14 at 10:15. 3 Prices & Phone numbers 1. The price of this bag is $27.89, but you can have it at 10 percent off. 2. What would you do if you won 100 million yen in a lottery? 3. "A hamburger and a cola, please." "That'll be £2.99." 4. I need €20, but I'm €5 short. 5. My phone number is 612-750-5613. Listening Task Listen to the conversations and choose the correct answers. 1. How much of the earth's surface is covered by ocean? 1 more than one third more than one fourth 監督署 ER 70 3 more than two thirds 4 more than two fifths 2. When were the Olympic Games held in Atlanta? 1 in 1966 2 in 1969 3. How much did the dress cost? 1,100 yen 2 1,800 yen 3 in 1996 4 in 1999 S 8,000 yen ③ 13,000 48,800 yen bluros ④ 30,000 about 200,000 4. How many people can the concert hall hold? ① 1,300 ② 3,000 5. How many people live in the city? ①about 2,000 2 about 12,000 3 about 20,000 ① 207-7300 2207-7003 ③ 702-3300 6. What's the phone number of the restaurant? The number is 510- ④ 702-3003

vision questⅡ English expression hope70ページ preview 1.dates&time 2.numbers(sizes,measurements,etc) 3.prices& Phone numbers listening task ... Read More

140 // TIT Activity for Communication 3 Preview Listen to the sentences below. 1 Dates & Times Listening for Numbers the on Enio 1. "The movie starts at 5:20. Can you be ready in ten minutes?" "OK. I'll try." 2. "What time is it now?" "It's 11:30." basalaila awohlsw 3. I have an appointment with the dentist this Thursday, the 10th. M 4. "When does school begin?" "It begins on April 8th." 5. Our school was established in 1965. 6. My family has lived in this town since 2005. 2 Numbers (sizes, measurements, etc.) 1. Two thirds of the students come to school by bus. 2. One mile is about 1,609 meters. 3. The city has a population of about 2.5 million. 4. The temperature dropped to 12°C. 5. APA Air Flight 125 for London will be departing from Gate 14 at 10:15. 3 Prices & Phone numbers 1. The price of this bag is $27.89, but you can have it at 10 percent off. 2. What would you do if you won 100 million yen in a lottery? 3. "A hamburger and a cola, please." "That'll be £2.99." 4. I need €20, but I'm €5 short. 5. My phone number is 612-750-5613. Listening Task Listen to the conversations and choose the correct answers. 1. How much of the earth's surface is covered by ocean? 1 more than one third more than one fourth 監督署 ER 70 3 more than two thirds 4 more than two fifths 2. When were the Olympic Games held in Atlanta? 1 in 1966 2 in 1969 3. How much did the dress cost? 1,100 yen 2 1,800 yen 3 in 1996 4 in 1999 S 8,000 yen ③ 13,000 48,800 yen bluros ④ 30,000 about 200,000 4. How many people can the concert hall hold? ① 1,300 ② 3,000 5. How many people live in the city? ①about 2,000 2 about 12,000 3 about 20,000 ① 207-7300 2207-7003 ③ 702-3300 6. What's the phone number of the restaurant? The number is 510- ④ 702-3003

不適切なものを選ぶ問題です 解答の根拠を教えていただきたいです。 答えは上から順に、1.3.3.1.3.2.2.1.4.4.です。

(1) Judge from the circumstances of the case, the robber must have visited the jewelry shop 1 in advance. 4 11 3 (2) Dreams mostly happen during the state of asleep characterized by rapid eye movement, or REM. 12 2 3 (3) The database contains hundreds of thousands of article, but that does not make it science. 4 T 13 2 3 (4) I fond of my boyfriend, but he often turns up late for a date. Other than that, I have nothing 1 to complain about. 14 2 3 (5) Climate, soil type, and availability of water are the most critical factors than choosing the best type of grass for a lawn. 1 15 2 3 (6) Mary Quant is one of the most popular British designer of the 1960s, whose daisy motif T 2 16 has attracted the attention of younger generations in Japan. 3 (7) After so long a basketball game, I am such exhausted to write my essay, which is due on Monday. 17 2 (8) The music professor strongly advised that Emily goes to the Royal Albert Hall during her stay in London, where a globally known summer concert series is held. 18 1 2 3 (9) In the tea industry, tea leaves are graded in quality according to size, color, and appear. 19 2 3 (10) Some fish use their sense of smell as a guide when return to a spawning river. 1 2 3 20

1.（1）②、（2）②、（3）①、（4）③④⑧⑩、（5）③④⑤、（6）③④、（7）①④⑥、（8）①②③⑥、（9）の解説をして欲しいです。3枚目が答えです

英語科 〔文 法〕 1 次の各文の( )に入る最も適当な語(旬) を1つ 選びなさい。 3 I don't want to be a person ( things. mi 7 who says 1 what speaks which talks I whose tells 英語 ) bad They followed the instructions they ( by their homeroom teacher. Both Ken and I ( ) junior high school ア was give 1 were gave ry were given I were giving ad (1) students two years ago. 7 is イ am ウ was I are were ⑤Could you tell me ( ) a ticket? ) My brother is very good at ( baseball. 7 play plays playing I played to play 3 This computer is ( ) than that one. good I expensive ④ I enjoyed ( イ better ウ best important o) movies in my room. 7 where I can get イ where can I get ) how to buying 300 [中京大中京〕 where to buying I (3) Sarah says she can't come () she finishes her homework. 7 when if unless I after 2 I bought two books (1 yudar yesterday. ア write writing ) in English watch I watching b⑤Did your sister ( 7 study I studyed watches watched to watch studys ) science yesterday? studies studied ⑥ I want ( ) your e-mail address. ア know knows knew I knowing * to know ⑦Have you ever ( ) letters in Chinese? ア write writes writing I wrote written ウ wrote I written 3 Please come to the library, Frank. I'll be there between two (w ) three. A7 and 1 for to エ or Hiroshi and his family enjoyed ( ) at Hakuba last weekend. ア ski ウ 1 skiing for skiing I to ski ⑤5 Ben has an aunt ( He goes and stays with her every winter. ア what イ who ) lives in Hawaii. whose I where [ たちばな〕 (4) She is very proud ( ) her bonsai and ⑧ When Lucy () going home on a public bus last Friday, she saw her cousin in Lad the bus. 7 is am ウ are I was * were ⑨Emily is very ( ) because she goes to college from Monday to Friday and works part-time at a bookstore on weekends. 7 short busy I tall * large small [菊華] ) since (2) The number of car accidents ( 1992. 7 decreasing イ are decreased Gloves showing it to visitors. ア with イ of ウ to I in 2 ( ) we go to the movie theater? イ What don't ウ How are I Why don't ア Let 3 The baby was named ( 7 before after I over * since ④Mary has few friends. ( always with a lot of friends. Instead of ウ As for on Where do ) his uncle. to ) John, he is According to エ After all have been decreasing ⑤He has two other children ( I has been decreasing 2 How about ( ) a taxi instead of 7 besides 1 among Even if ) Alan. below walking there? I'm tired. 7 to taking taking I above * beside 6 Take the JR Line to Nagoya, and change ( ) there. ウ to call I calling you -147-

仮定法、過去完了辺りについて 私は had→have→過去→現在→未来 だと思ってるのですが この問題など後半はただの過去の分なのに hadになるのはどうしてですか？ 過去のさらに前に起きた話はhaveで haveのさらに前に起きた話はhadで 書くと思っていました... Read More

1261文 231 I wish I ( ) that guy from Tokyo for his e-mail a 第9章 仮定法 231~233 127 last night. asked 2 had asked (3) was asking 4 would ask 231.S wish + S' + 動詞の過去完了形 (仮定法過去完了) W ? ○ 過去の事実の反対を想定しているので、 Swish (that) S' + 動詞の過去完了形... の形 になる(→230, TARGET 35)。 last night 「昨夜」に着目すること。 ASS の Plus ask A for Bは 「AをBにくれと頼む」。 begoist KEY POINT 069 KEY POINT 069 S would rather (that) S' + 仮定法 / If only + 仮定法

文法（関係代名詞）について質問です！ 1つ目の下線は，がつくのに2つ目には，がつかない理由を教えてください！制限用法、非制限用法の区別がわかりません、、

CD 35 5 10 15 D 20 <1> G oodbye, Mr. Chips is the story of a well-loved teacher at a boys' school in England. Chips, whose real name was Chipping, taught the classics at the fictional Brookfield School, which was based on the Leys School in Cambridge. Chips was a fresh-faced new teacher when he started at Brookfield in 1870. He was determined to show the students that he would not let them misbehave. The first time he watched students in the large hall during a study period, there were over 500 students waiting for the chance to tease the new teacher. He heard someone slam down the lid of a desk. "You, over there. What's your name?" "Colley, sir." "All right, Colley. One hundred lines, as a punishment." Chips had shown the students that he would make them behave how he wanted and that he was not a weak teacher. 3 Years later, after leaving school, Colley became an important person in the City of London, and his son entered Brookfield. "You know, your father was the first boy who I punished as a teacher here 25 years ago, and you are getting the same punishment," he said to the son, and the class was filled with laughter. Later even Collo's and Chi.