Grade

Type of questions

TOEIC・English Undergraduate

下線部(1)の文構造が分かりません。特に2行目の文構造が分かりません。強調のdoであることは分かりますが、その後のthat以降が関係詞?かすらも分からないので、誰か教えて下さい!

次の英文は1991年に出版された本からのもので、 研究分野としての「人工知 能」 (Artificial Intelligence) について述べています。 下線部(1)~(3)を日本語に訳 しなさい。 What is Artificial Intelligence (AI)? Just about the only characterization of Al that would meet with universal acceptance is that it involves trying to make machines do tasks which are normally seen as requiring intelligence. There are countless refinements of this characterization: what sort of machines we want to consider; how we decide what tasks require intelligence and so on. One of the most important questions concerns the reasons why we want to make machines do such tasks. AI has always been split between people who want to make machines do tasks that require intelligence because they want more useful machines, and people who want to do it because they see it as a way of exploring how humans do such tasks. We will call the two approaches the engineering approach and the cognitive-science respectively. (2) (1) approach The techniques required for the two approaches are not always very different. For many of the tasks that engineering AI wants solutions to, the only systems we know about that can perform them are humans), so that, at least initially, the obvious way to design solutions is to try to mimic what we know about humans. For many of the tasks that cognitive-science Al wants solutions to, the evidence on how humans do them is too hard to interpret to enable us to construct computational models, so the only approach is to try to design solutions from scratch" and then see how well they fit what we know about humans. The main visible difference between the two approaches is in (3) their criteria for success; an engineer would be delighted to have create something that outperformed a person; a cognitive scientist would regard it as a failure. -1- M7 (492-61

Waiting Answers: 1
English Senior High

②の最後の文 just create 〜 environment that のthatは関係代名詞の主格用法?ですか?

5 1 1 百倍へ How to Avoid Being Late 急用を思い出して相 You never want to be late for class. But once in a while, 249 words you stay up late at night, losing yourself in a TV show or video game. Or maybe you simply find that you are incapable of waking up early. You to be on time, but you just can't. You're at your wit's end, and decide that you're just not cut out for mornings. you want may ② Don't worry! There are solutions. Experts say that going to sleep earlier is the first step. Getting more sleep at night will makea 遅刻しないようにす ① 誰だって自ら望ん かしをして テレビ番組 に早起きができない い でもどうしてもそ contribution to earlier and more productive mornings. Some people turn to sleeping pills, but these should be a last resort. Just create a 10 bedroom environment that is suitable for a good night's sleep. ③ Another good idea is to develop a new routine for the mornings. If you have some delicious tea or breakfast treats to enjoy in the course of getting ready for school, you'll look forward to starting your day. And if you feel like you're always on the go, set aside a few minutes to breathe 15 quietly and relax. ④ What if you're still late? If the class is already in progress when you get there, after class, get in contact with a friend and find out what you missed in the class. And even if you fail at first, don't lose sight of your goal. Just keep trying, and you'll become a more は朝型に向いていない ② 大丈夫! 解決策 夜の睡眠時間を のにするのに役立つ すべきだ。 とにかく う。 ③ 朝に新しい習 ている間に、おいし 1日を始めるのが うなら.2.3分時 う。 ○ それでもや もう授業が進行 聞き逃したこと

Waiting Answers: 2
English Senior High

英文の方写真汚くて申し訳ないです汗  3パラグラフ目の印のしてあるaround が、和訳中のどの部分に当たるか分かりません。教えていただきたいです。

テーマ 専門性☆☆☆ 英文レベル★★★ 30 DNAはウイルスから? 文 11 What with the threat of bird flu, the reality of HIV, and the genera unseemliness of having one's cells pressed into labour on behalf of something alien and microscopic, it is small wonder that people don't much like viruses. But we may actually have something to thank the little 5 parasites for. They may have been the first creatures to find a use for DNA, a discovery that set life on the road to its current rich complexity 12 The origin of the double helix is a more complicated issue than it might at first seem. DNA's ubiquity -all cells use it to store their genomes - suggests it has been around since the earliest days of life 10 but when exactly did the double spiral of bases first appear? Some think it was after cells and proteins had been around for a while. Others say DNA showed up before cell membranes had even been invented/ The fact that different sorts of cell make and copy the molecule in very different ways has led others to suggest that the charms of the double 15 helix might have been discovered more than once. And all these ideas have drawbacks. "To my knowledge, up to now there has been no ⚫ convincing story of how DNA originated," says evolutionary biologist Patrick Forterre of the University of Paris-Sud, Orsay. 13 Forterre claims to have a solution. Viruses, he thinks, invented » DNA as a way the defences of the cells they infected. Little more than packets of genetic material, viruses are notoriously adept at* avoiding detection, as influenza's annual self-reinvention attests. Forterre argues that viruses were up to similar tricks when life was young, and that DNA was one of their innovations. To some researchers 25 the idea is an appealing way to fill in a chunk of the DNA puzzle. 270 •

Solved Answers: 2