至急お願いいたします🚨 生物の質問です。 ミトコンドリアの経路についての説明だと思うのですが、電子オーバーフローモデルと電子分布モデルの違いを教えていただきたいです。 また、どういう仕組みなのか、何故このように電子が流れるのかも教えていただきたいです。 UQ poolはユ... Read More

(A) Electron overflow model (considered out-of-date) Alt UQ pool Alternative oxidase inactive. Alt No alternative pathway activity Cytochrome pathway unsaturated Cyt (B) Electron distribution model (reflects current thinking) UQ pool Cyt Alternative pathway active Cytochrome pathway saturated Alt Alternative oxidase active Alt UQ pool Cyt Cyt Figure 14.33 Two models for regulation of electron flow through the alternative oxidase. (A) In the electron overflow model, no appreciable electron transfer through the alternative pathway takes place until electron flow through the cytochrome pathway is at or near satu- ration. This could result from the effects of respirato- ry control, if the rate of mitochondrial ATP produc- tion exceeds its rate of utilization in the cytosol, or from some externally imposed stress, such as low temperature. Under such circumstances, the UQ pool becomes sufficiently reduced to allow electrons to flow through the alternative oxidase, the latter re- quiring that the UQ pool be 40% to 60% reduced to attain significant activity. (B) In the electron distribu- tion model, the alternative and cytochrome path- ways both show significant activity at low levels of UQ pool reduction, and electrons are distributed be- tween the two pathways on the basis of the relative activities of each pathway. The activity of the alter- native oxidase under these circumstances is thought to be regulated by the action of a-keto acids and by reduction/oxidation of the intermolecular disulfide bond, as well as by additional regulatory mecha- nisms not yet characterized.

下から5行目のit would～の文構造がわからないです。back upはどのような働きをしているのでしょうか。 教えて頂けるとありがたいです。

A Makeover for Hoover Dam Hydropower has attracted increasing attention in recent years as a renewable type of clean energy. As long as a suitable water source is available, hydropower facilities are usually good investments, producing energy in a manner that generates far less air pollution and CO2 emissions than fossil fuels do. The most common way to generate hydropower is to trap water at a high elevation behind a dam so it can be released and used to spin turbines below, which, in turn, power electricity-producing generators. However, hydropower has its drawbacks. Droughts and increased water consumption have reduced the flow of many rivers. As rivers become shallower, the necessary volume of water for electricity difficult to maintain, and power supply and generation is dependability are negatively impacted. more Variability in water levels has particularly affected Hoover Dam, a mega-scale hydropower facility in the US state of Nevada. Built in the 1930s at enormous expense to control the frequently flooding Colorado River and maintain a water supply for farmland irrigation, the dam's hydropower capabilities were seen as a way to recover some of the costs of its construction over the long term. The dam's electricity-generating capacity, however, was challenged from the start by seasonal variability in water flow, and in recent years has been greatly reduced by droughts. Combining hydropower with other alternative energy sources, though, may offer a solution. Solar and wind plants can produce enormous amounts of electricity, but one serious downside is that the energy they produce is not available when there is little sun or wind. While conventional batteries can help with this issue, storing such tremendous volumes of electricity has long been a challenge. A recently proposed system for Hoover Dam could provide an answer, though. The plan suggests building a new pumping station that would be powered by both wind and solar. It would push water from the river back up to Hoover Dam, refilling the lake behind it. The water could be released anytime to power the dam's generators in order to reliably meet demand for electricity. Kelly Sanders, an engineering professor at the University of Southern California, is enthusiastic about the storage plan, saying, "We by the p replace fo solat als are st ons to the What is 1 Inst inves 2 WE dams 3 A neg sys 1 en

When making progress becomes difficult がallowsに矢印が伸びているのと to operate がCになるのはなぜですか。

一 発展問題の解答・解説 問題:本冊 p.31 英文図解 [When making progress becomes difficult], <taking a wak S M break> allows the unconscious processes to operate. on al V C making は動名詞です。 making progress で When の副詞節内のSです。 taking も動名詞です。 taking a break の名詞句をつくり、文のSです。 和訳 前進するのが難しいとき、休憩をとることで、無意識の作用を はたらかせることができる。 カタマリ編 識別編 第2章 +0: 編章 第 3 編 章 動詞の型編 第4章

（4）の答えがthe problemでしたがsolving the problemではダメでしょうか？

humans. "We were able to identify one of the many molecular features that likely shape behavior," she adds. ** hol boquete es Though the origins of the dog/human partnership remain unknown, it's becoming increasingly clear that each species has changed (during our long years header The physical differences between a basset hound and wolf are obvious, but dogs have also changed in ways that are more than skin (or fur) deep. One recent study shows how by bonding with us and learning to work ogether with humans, dogs may have actually become worse at working together Their pack lifestyle and mentality appear to be reduced and are far as a species. less prevalent even in wild dogs than in wolves. But, Yale's Laurie Santos says, dogs may have compensated in other interesting ways. They've learned to use humans to solve problems. "Several researchers have presented dogs and wolves with an impossible problem (e.g., a puzzle box that can't be opened or a pulling tool that stops working) and have asked how these different species react," Santos explains. Researchers have found that wolves try lots of different trial and error tactics to solve the problem - they get at it physically. But at the first sign of trouble, dogs do something different. They look back to their human companion for help. This work hints that dogs may have lost some of their physical problem-solving abilities in favor of more social strategies, ones that rely on the unique sort of cooperation

文法の使い方に間違いないか教えてほしいです🙏

that not INTA vert 2023 第2回 文法標準 ライディングテスト 群 学籍番号 氏名 Topic: あなたの好きな物語 (昔話 映画･ドラマなど) を説明し、その作品から何を学んだ のかについて書きなさい。 条件: (1) ①② ③ の内容をすべて入れて、つながりのある文章にする｡ 順番は問わな い。 ④ いつどこで誰が何をしたのかが初めて読む人でも、物語の概要が分かるよう になっている。 ⑤ その物語が誰によって、 いつ作られたのか、 またどのような人を対象に見られて いたり、読まれていたりするのかが書かれている｡ ⑥ その物語を通して何を学んだのかが述べられている｡ (2) 7~10文で書く。 (3) 動名詞 不定詞 受動態 分詞構文のうち3種類以上を適切に使う (1 Momotaro /" which is one of I like the famous stories. The story that was written. (過去分詞) in 1926 by Whatuitadasi. read for young people Momotaro big peach. was born froma He heard that a grop of ogres were causing trouble in the village, diciding to defeat them. With the help of his anmal friends, a. and a pheasant, Momotaro defeated the everyone lived happily ever after To read this story makes me learn that it is important to cooperate with friends. I very recommend this story 知識･技能 A+ A B+ BC dog, a monkey, ogres and] 思考・判断・表現 A+ A B+BC 主体的に学習に取り組む態度 A+ AB+ B C

1,2の書き換えが分かりません。 didn'tがある際にどうやって過去完了形へ書き換えるべきか悩んでいます。

3 slosterdiéstest-1 B CD TRAK+8 各文を仮定法を用いて書きかえなさい。 1. As I didn't work hard, I didn't do well at school. SUUDAD 2. As he didn't have enough breakfast this morning, he is hungry now. 3. It is so hot that I can't concentrate on my job.ot have 4. As I didn't walk faster, I'm not home by now. anytime. rrio w Ities sa efend 総合 ud feel 4 日本語に合うように, 下線部に適切な語句を補いなさい。 b *Atien 19

どなたか解説お願いします😭😭🙏🏻

日本語に合うように, 下線部に適切な語句を補いなさい。 1) 彼らは上手なサッカー選手だと言われています。 They are said that to be 2月は地球の周りを回っていると信じられています。 It is believed for that. A Ke good soccer players. the moon goes arou goes around the Earth. 3 ホーキング博士の本はすべて難しいけれども興味深いと考えられています。 All of Dr. Hawking's books is thought that difficult, but interesting. 4/ シアトルは大都市だと知られています(有名です)。 thought to be It is known for that ANTON SAW, s Seattle is a big city. HANONI

（4）の thisをある語に置き換えるという問題で模範解答はboiling （their potatoes/them）ですが to boil their potatoesではダメですか？

東京 suggesting a risk linked to, cooking some starchy foods in the microwave, including PANAS cereals and root vegetables. nová nayo si lo era When Betty Schwartz, professor of nutritional sciences at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, saw her students heating jacket potatoes in the microwave on their lunchbreaks, she noticed small crystals inside their potatoes. rob When she analysed them, she found they were high in the chemical acrylamide, which can be a natural by-product of cooking. Schwartz asked her students to boil their potatoes instead, and found that this didn't create acrylamide, which she says forms in higher temperatures in the microwave. all not ber pb This is a concern because animal studies have shown that acrylamide acts as a carcinogen because it interferes with cell's DNA, but evidence in humans is limited. There is some research to suggest that microwaves are more favourable to the growth of acrylamide than other methods of cooking. "At 100°C (212°F), there's enough energy to alter the automatic joints between molecules to produce a molecule with much higher energy, which can react with DNA, which induces mutations," says Schwartz. "When you have many mutations it can produce cancer." Animal studies have shown this to be the case with acrylamides. 英語 9 the microwave. One way around this is to soak the potatoes in water before putting them in db.cl tenia ng berig adi wad 14 nos

3番の問題です。写真の2枚目のように書き換えは出来ますか？ よろしくお願いします。

The ぶしに It You should feel 3. 彼がここに来るようなことがあれば、すぐにあなたに連絡します If he should come here, I will call you at once. 4. 万が一試験に落ちたら、 あなたはどうしますか? 2

このマーカーの箇所にsvocと品詞を振るとどうなりますか？ a line以外にsvocを振るとどうなるのかが特に分かりません

e 10 Even in tropical regions, the climate and vegetation of mountains differ considerably from what would be considered normal for the area. Kenya's Mount Kenya, only about ten miles from the Equator, has fifteen glaciers. The windward side of a mountain usually has a much lower temperature and a much heavier rainfall than the leeward side. The leeward side is often known as a "rain way the shadow," and is a desert. Most mountains have what is called a timber line, a line above which no trees grow. Immediately below that line, even in the Torrid Zone where one would expect palm trees and tropical vegetation, the vegetation and trees are more the deciduous types of the Temperate. stupa