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English Senior High

付箋で貼った2文がどうしてそのような訳になるのかわかりません。

た次の英文を読み, 設問に答えなさい。 (学習院 法学部 2022年) Society is everything. Many of us go through life thinking we are self-made and self-sufficient. Some may credit (or blame) their families for success or failure in life, but rarely do we think about (1) the bigger forces (that determine our destinies - the country we happen to be born in, the social attitudes common at a particular moment in history, the institutions that govern our economy and politics, and the randomness of just plain luck. These wider factors determine the kind of society in which we live and are the most important determinants of our human experience. 2 Consider an example of a life in which society plays a very (X) role. In 2004 I spent time with a family in the Ecuadorian Amazon*. Antonia, my host, had twelve children, and her oldest daughter was about to give birth to her first grandchild. They lived on the edge of the rainforest with no road, electricity, clean water or sanitation*. There was a school, but a considerable distance away, (Y) the children's attendance was irregular However, Antonia was a community health worker and had access via radio* to a doctor in a nearby town who could provide advice to her and others. Apart from this service (arranged by a charity), she and her husband had to be completely self-reliant gathering food from the forest, educating their children on how to survive in their environment. On the rare occasions when they needed something they could not find or make themselves (like a cooking pot), they searched for bits of gold in the Amazon, which they could exchange for goods in a market at the end of a long journey by boat. 3 This may seem like a very extreme and distant example, but it serves to remind us how accustomed we are to the things that living collectively gives us infrastructure, education and health care, laws that enable markets in which we can earn incomes and access goods and services. Antonia and her daughter promised to name the baby (they were Minouche, (2) which was a great honour. I often wonder what kind of life that other Minouche will be having as a result of being born in a very different society. V+ re expecting The way a society is structured has profound consequences for the lives of those living in it and the kinds of opportunity they face. It determines not just their material conditions but also their well-being, relationships and life The structure of society is determined by institutions such astical and legal systems, the economy, the way in which family and community life are organized. All societies choose to have some things left to individuals and others determined collectively. The rules governing how ? those collective institutions operate form what might be called the social contract, which 1 believe is the most important determinant of the kinds of lives we lead. Because it is so important and because most people cannot easily leave their societies, the social contract requires (Z) of the majority and necessary changes ás circumstances change. VF vf ⑤We are living at a time when, in many societies. people feel disappointed by the social contract and (3) the life it offers them. This is despite the huge gains in material progress the world has seen over the last 50 years. Surveys Social contract people

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English Junior High

問3 ェ 問5 イ 問6 ウエ なぜそうなるのかの解説お願いします

次の英文は,日本にホームステイしているエミリー(Emily) のことを書いたものです。これを読んで問いに答えなさい。 Emily is a high school student from the U.S. She is interested in Japan very much. She came to Japan and has stayed at Taro's house for one month. She is enjoying her stay in Sapporo. (1) One day, she went to a movie with Taro. The movie was really nice, so it made them excited. After that, they took a *subway to go back to their home. Emily was telling him what she thought about the quiet. He said, "Please talk in a small voice. movie_in_a *loud voice on the subway, so Taro In Japan, we are usually quiet on the subway." She was surprised to hear that, so she said to Taro, "Sorry, but I don't know why we have to be so quiet. In the U.S., we can talk with each other on the subway. Sometimes some people dance and sing a song." This time Taro was surprised to hear that. ① The next day, Emily was talking with Taro's father. She said, “Today I saw something *strange when I was on the subway. There were so many people and most of them could not sit down. Only one *seat was *empty, but *no one tried to sit there." Taro's father answered, “Did you see a sign near the seat? That seat is only for people who need some help like *elderly people or *pregnant women, or people with special *needs. *Even if there are no elderly people standing on the subway, other people won't sit there. The *priority seats are on the buses and trains in many towns in Japan, but the seats like this only in Sapporo." Emily thinks everyone should give a seat to elderly people or pregnant women. By doing so, they won't need special seats on the subway. Emily will stay in Sapporo for more two months and そうすることで (E) subway T loud... 大きな strange... おかしな, 奇妙な empty 空いている no one ~ ・だれも~しない seat... elderly ・・・ 高齢の even if ~・・・ たとえ~でも

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English Junior High

5の(1)はこれでもokですか?

① 次の英文は、ALT のホワイト先生 (Ms. White) が,英語の授業で 「英語の学習方法」について話 をしたものです。よく読んで、 1~5の問いに答えなさい。 (注) textbook (s) = 参考書 both = 2人とも chance (s)=機会 you Do like English? We have four English classes in a week, and I think you study English hard in | breakfast every day. Do you my class. How do you study English at home? I study Japanese A know any useful ways to learn the language? I started to study Japanese at high school in Australia. Mary, my friend, started to study Japanese, too. We were 15 years old then. I studied Japanese by textbooks a lot, but Mary didn't use textbooks so much. She watched Japanese movies. Three years later, I could read and write Japanese, but speaking and listening were difficult for me. For Mary, speaking and listening were easy, but she couldn't read and write Japanese well. I thought that was interesting. So I started to speak and listen to more Japanese, and Mary started to read and write more. We also ② | them on the Internet. We sent e-mails and sometimes talked made some Japanese friends. We A And we have with them in Japanese on the Internet. Now Mary and I are both 24 years old, and we can use Japanese better than many Japanese friends. So we have many chances to talk in Japanese, and I think it is the most useful way to learn the language. There are many ways to learn English. I hope you'll try many ways and find a good way for you. 1 A には同じ英語が入ります。 当てはまる英語を1語で書きなさい。 2 ① ② にそれぞれ当てはまる語を下から選び、適当な形にかえて英語1語で書きなさい。 find show use take bring 3 次の文は,ホワイト先生が話をしたことについてまとめたものである。 空らん あ 当てはまる適当な英語を,本文からそれぞれ連続する 2語で抜き出して書きなさい。 い に Ms. White studied Japanese with textbooks, and Mary watched Japanese movies. Three years later, Ms. White could read and write Japanese, but speaking and listening were あ her. For Mary, speaking and listening were easy, but she couldn't read and write Japanese well. Ms. White hopes we will find a い to learn English. 4 本文の内容と合っているものを,次のア~エから一つ選び、記号で答えなさい。 アホワイト先生は,生徒たちは授業であまり熱心に勉強していないと思っている。 イ ホワイト先生は, 15歳のときから日本語を学んでいる。 ウホワイト先生は,日本人の友達とインターネットでときどき, 英語で話をした。 エホワイト先生は,参考書を使うのが言葉を学ぶための最も役立つ方法だと思っている。 5 本文の内容について,次の(1),(2)の問いに英語で答えなさい。 ただし、()内の語数指定に従 うこと。 (1) How many English classes do the students have in a week? (5) (2) Did Ms. White start to study Japanese when she came to Japan? (3語) 点の45 0 6 115

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Physics Senior High

オームの法則の導出のところで、最後にRを逆数で置かなきゃ成り立たないことは分かるのですが、どうして逆数としてRを置くのか教えて頂きたいです。

第4編 電気と磁気 抗に電流が流れていないときには電圧降 下はOVであり,抵抗の両端は等電位で ②電圧降下 抵抗 R[Ω] の導体に電流 I[A] が流れると, オームの法則により, 抵抗の両端の間で RI[V]だけ電位が下が る。これを電圧降下という(図42)。抵 voltage drop 電位 受けているとすると,この抵抗力と電場から受ける力のつりあいより 電圧 e V = kv 降下 (34) 低 RI[V] eV この式よりv= kl となるので,これを (33) 式に代入すると 抵抗 R [Ω] 位置 eV I = en X xS= kl e²nS V kl (35) 電流 [A] I=enus 休 と表される(図43)。 (33) 復習 問21 断面積 1.0×10 m² の導線に 1.7A の電 流が流れているとき, 自由電子の平均 移動速度v [m/s] を求めよ。 導線1.0m² 当たりの自由電子の数を 8.5×1028/m3, 電子の電気量を-1.6 × 10-19 C とする。 ② オームの法則の意味 図44のように, 長さ[m], 断面積 S[m²] の導体の両端 に電圧 V[V] を加えると, 導体内部に E = ¥ [V/m] の電場が生じる。導体中の 自由電子はこの電場から大きさe ¥ [N] の力を受けて、陽イオンと衝突しながら 進むが,自由電子全体を平均すると一定 の速さ [m/s]で進むようになる。 この とき,自由電子は陽イオンから速さ”に 比例した抵抗力ku [N] (k は比例定数) を 258 第4編 第2章 電流 自由電子全体を平均したもの 速さ 電場E= 陽イオン 静電気力 e 抵抗力 P222 陽イオン S〔m²] ある。 C オームの法則の意味 電子の運動と電流 断面積 S[m²]の導 体中を自由電子(電気量-e [C]) が移動す る速さを v[m/s], 単位体積当たりの自 由電子の数を n [1/m] とすると, 電流 の大きさI[A] は 図43 電子の運動と電流図の 断面 A を t[s] 間に通過する自由電 子は,断面Aの後方 長さ of [m] の円柱部分に存在していたと考え られる。 ●の円柱内の自由電子の 数は 何個分 体積 N=nx (ut XS)= nutS であり,合計の電気量の大きさは Q=exN=envtS である。 これと (31) 式 (p.256) より envtS t 図 42 電圧降下 これは,オームの法則を表している。 ここで kl R= (36) Op.257 オームの法則 e²nS V 1= (32) R 百由電子 とおくと I = が得られる。 V 断面積 S R vt D抵抗率 k ロー ①抵抗率 (36) 式において, e²n をp とおくと,抵抗R [Ω] は次のよう 10 に表すことができる。 映像 Link Web サイト 抵抗率 R=p (37) 抵抗 2R S 長さ2倍にすると R[Ω] 抵抗 (resistance) [m] 抵抗率 I=- t = envS 15 〔m〕 抵抗の長さ (length) S〔m²] 抵抗の断面積 抵抗 R S 断面積2倍にすると -1〔m〕 V[V] 図44 オームの法則の意味 比例定数は,注目する物質の材 質や温度によって決まる。これを抵 2S- 抗率(または電気抵抗率, 比抵抗) といい, resistivity 単位はオームメートル(記号 Ω·m) で ある。 抵抗 1/2 ①図 45 長さ 断面積の異なる抵抗 問22 断面積が2.0×10-7m² 抵抗率が1.1×10Ω・mのニクロム線を用いて, 1.0Ω の抵抗をつくりたい。 ニクロム線の長さを何mにすればよいか。 [Link 259 復習

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