第2パラグラフめの、和訳で言う、医薬品認可機関のところらへんについて質問です 。ここの英文を見ると as drug approval~ のas って何用法なんでしょうか？

テーマ 専門性★★★ *. 24 ヘルシンキ宣言 英文 ①②つなぎ方 demands that the physician use every means possible to cure the 1 The ultimate ethical standard among the medical profession - but does this apply in a clinical trial, which is patient's illness understood to be experimental, not treatment? In a clinical trial, tension exists at the beginning between gaining knowledge that can be used in the longer term to benefit the public health, and the basic right of the patient to receive treatment. 112 For the scientific profession, the ultimate standard is to produce results that withstand scrutiny. For physicians and researchers, the 'gold 10 standard' in testing new drugs is a placebo-controlled study* in which some of the patients receive no treatment at all. These standards present an ethical dilemma as drug-approval agencies tend to lean toward the need for clear scientific data, which is best gained when a drug is tested against a control, or placebo. Furthermore, it becomes harder to 15 convince patients in First World countries to participate in drug trials when there may be a 30-50% chance of receiving only a sugar pill instead of a helpful medicine. 13 As

２パラグラフ目の和訳の、 可能性が30~50％あるかもしれないというので の、ので、が英文中のどこからきたのかわかりません、、訳していく中で自然とそうなるんですかね？

テーマ 専門性★☆★ 英文レベル★★★☆ 24 ヘルシンキ宣言 英文 ①② つなぎ方 11 The ultimate ethical standard among the medical profession demands that the physician use every means possible to cure the patient's illness-but does this apply in a clinical trial, which is understood to be experimental, not treatment? In a clinical trial, tension 5 exists at the beginning between gaining knowledge that can be used in the longer term to benefit the public health, and the basic right of the patient to receive treatment. 12 For the scientific profession, the últimate standard is to produce results that withstand scrutiny. For physicians and researchers, the 'gold 10 standard' in testing new drugs is a placebo-controlled study* in which some of the patients receive no treatment at all. These standards present an ethical dilemma as drug-approval agencies tend to lean toward the Kneed for clear scientific data, which is best gained when a drug is tested against a control, or placebo. Furthermore, it becomes harder to 15 convince patients in First World countries to participate in drug trials when there may be a 30-50% chance of receiving only a sugar pill instead of a helpful medicine.

模範解答のindividualは名詞でも形容詞でも使えるとのことですが、この場合はなぜ前にan(the)がつくのでしょうか？ 名詞でも使えるなら、individualだけではだめなんですか？

① 社会と個人は相互に補いあっている [自分] Social 形なのでメ and ↓に書きかえ なので× personal support each other. help each other. ↓に書きインディビジュアル an individual 〔模範〕] Society and an Society and individual はまたは国で使われる。

写真3枚目の青で印をつけているところについて質問です。 ①日本語訳の中に、しょっちゅう、 と書いてあるのですが、そのような 頻度を表すものはどこに書いてあったのでしょう ？ ②A lotとありますが 、どうやったら、 たくさん理由があるのだ。 という日本語に導けるのでしょう... Read More

構文解析 1 (In late December), (while home for the holidays), an old friend and I set out for a café (we'd been meaning to visit since high school. 和訳 12月下旬、体で家にいた頃、旧友と私は高校時代から訪れたいと思ってい た喫茶店に向かおうと家を出た。 set out 出発する」 mean to ~ 「~するつもりである」 2 (Thirty-five minutes into what should have been a fifteen-minute drive), we accepted that we needed help. 0 0 [和訳 和 15分運転すれば着くはずのところを35分運転したところで、私たちは助けが必 要なことを認めた。 3 "Just look it up (on your phone)," my friend said from behind the wheel. S 車を運転しながら友人が「ちょっとスマートフォンで検索してみて」と言った。 I look up ~ 「~を調べる」、 behind the wheel 「車を運転して」 lookup~ 4 "I can't," I replied, waving my Samsung flip phone, with no Internet capabilities), above the dashboard). 和訳 私はインターネット機能のないサムスンの折り畳み式携帯電話をダッシュボー ドの上でひらひらと振って「できないの」と返した。 「wave 「振る」 flip phone 「折り畳み式携帯電話」 wave, [2] ② 1 My friend sighed. 和訳 私の友人はため息をついた。 語句 sigh 「ため息をつく」

1枚目の青枠のinvolvesの使われ方（訳し方）と2枚目黄色マーカーのdoの使われ方（訳し方）を教えてください！

ectly where you want to go without changing trains. Sometimes you might (you 697 nge trains. You should plan a route that involves as few changes as possible. Wh d to change trains, it is easy to follow the signs to the next train line. If you do h blems, just ask directions. People are usually willing to be helpful. If you are going to be taking the subway several times in one day, it is cheaper t pass than to buy individual tickets. You can buy the day pass at any subway

7.to look の不定詞の用法がわかりません💦

太字の単語や点線の熟語 別冊「入試頻出語彙ノート」 p.4 3 1. 中文 The turning point came soon after I entered high school. One of my teachers 本 recognized my unique atmosphere and way of thinking, then encouraged me to titrohi ru onimotoh mat sohaoa no sofartrid aoy express myself more. At the welcome party for new students, 2 I took the plunge and 2. introduced my background, personality, and desire to get along with everyone. 飯 3. Then several students gathered around me! They accepted me for who I was. At that s 英文解釈 moment I felt I was reborn from my “temporary self"' to my “true self." 仮の自分 4 While I was a high school student, another breakthrough occurred. An acquaintance introduced me to a part-time job 空 as a radio reporter. The announcers 5. 4. there were expected to read a script accurately, 6. 台本 正確に whereas my role was to look at 7. things from a unique perspective and to convey the message in my way. This 10 8. experience helped me to develop my own style. (142 words)

what it did to succeed.の部分でitはなんですか？？ 分かりません、、( -᷅_-᷄ ) 上から4行目です。

ぐ」 ces 第3段落 To learn from an experience, an organism must have a memory to store information to be used later. 2Memory helps an organism learn through trial and error. 3In trial-and- error learning, an organism tries to do a task again and again, sometimes making mistakes, didato but other times succeeding. Eventually the organism figures out what it did to succeed, 5A mouse will learn how to get through a maze to find food at the end by trying different routes again and again. The mouse eventually remembers which routes don't lead to food and which do. 理解するが分かる ut 経験から学ぶためには,生物は後で使えるように,情報を蓄える記憶力を持っていなければ ならない。2記憶は生物が試行錯誤を通じて学習を行うのを助けてくれる。 3試行錯誤による学 習においては,生物は、何度も繰り返して1つの作業を行おうとするが,時には失敗し、ま 時には成功をおさめる。 4やがてその生物は, 成功するために自分が何を行ったのかを理解 る。 5ハツカネズミは異なるルートを何度も試すことによって, 終点にある食べ物を見つける めには迷路をどのように通り抜ければよいかを学習する。 ハツカネズミは,どのルートが食 物のところまで通じていないのか、どのルートが通じているのかを最終的に覚えるのである

アップグレードの助動詞の問題です。 よければ教えていただきたいです。

2助動詞 3 34~36は誤りがある部分を選びなさい。 37~39は[ ]内の語句を並べかえなさい。 34 Since it's so late now, perhaps we had better not to spend any more time (明治大) shopping today. 35 They demanded that the store lowered the prices, or they threatened to boycott all their goods. (早稲田大) 36 Greg's mother assured him that there was no danger, but he could not (北里大) help ⑤worry. Z 37 I don't believe you. You could [ finished / have not / soon / so / work / your ]. (立教大) ☑ 38 You [to / ought / have not / told / should ] our secret to your father yesterday. (1) men diew ad blo (芝浦工業大) 39 もうすでにこの件についてはお話ししてありますので、 それに関する質問には答えたくありま せん。 (1語不要) I've already talked about this before, so I ( rather / answer / not / than / would ] any questions about it. (駒澤大) nimu ya ad loot do won yd and boog Tum at it sm of ob 14 TEN

アップグレードの助動詞の問題です。 よければ教えて頂きたいです。

2助動詞 22 We could not help but ( laugh ) at the sight. laughed 3 to laugh 23 We can't thank you ( ⑪very 2 too laughing ( 神奈川大 ) ) much for your kind help. We owe our success to you. ③ so ④as 24 彼はうそをついたのだから, アンが怒るのももっともなことだ。 He told a lie, so Ann ( ) get angry with him. Omay well 25 You might ( as well may as well ③may as (福島大) behnamob yo fiom might as well BE (浜松大) ceremony. ( 青山学院大) ) call a taxi. Then you will be on time for the wedding cere 2 as well as ③well so well to virus ☐ 26 You ( ) expect a river to flow backward as hope to persuade him into resignation. Omay well might as well had better would better (同志社大) 27 I would rather walk than ( ) a taxi. 1 take 2 taking ③3 to take ④taken ( 青山学院大 ) 28 One should not rely completely on first impressions, for appearances ( ) be deceiving. O shouldn't 2 have to 29 皆様のご多幸とご健康をお祈りします。 30 ③ mustn't it were no ) you all be happy and well! (a) It is not good that you didn't ask her name. (b) You ( ) have asked her name. ①ought to ②need 3 must ④can (大) work. OP ( 獨協医科大) (関西学院大) may 31 My sister ( ) here by now, for she took the early train. Omustn't have arrived 3 might arrive shouldn't have arrived ought to have arrived (上智大) "So the thief ( 32 "The window was unlocked and there is mud on the floor." come into the apartment that way." O might 2 must have ③ ought to A should have (学習院大) 33 Would you like ( ou like ) that work? 19 :以下 Ome to do to do to me O to me do 4 to me to do (名城大)

下線部のbut with以降の訳がどうしても分かりません。どなたか力をお貸しいただけないでしょうかでしょうか？

primarily by a desperate need for *sartorial rules and an inability to cope without them. a 着こなし This helps to explain why the English have an international reputation for dressing in 一般に have a reputation for~~として有名である 国際的に general very badly, but with specific areas (pockets, you might say) of excellence, such as eralve butt high-class gentlemen's tailoring, sporting, and ‘country clothes, ceremonial costume and innovative street-fashion. In other words, we English are at our sartorial best when we at one's best have strict, formal rules and traditions to follow when we 「最高の状態にいる」