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1S+V+O+O, S+V+O+Cの受動態
119
1. Santa Claus gives children wonderful presents.
0
→ a. Children are given wonderful presents by Santa Claus.
b. Wonderful presents are given to children by Santa Claus.
2. My classmates call the dog Ichiro.
120
0
C
The dog is called Ichiro by my classmates.
1.0(人), 0(物)のそれぞれを話題の中心(=主語)にした表現が考えられる。
give 型:give, lend, send, show, tell, etc.
O(人)を主語にした場合(→a)
0(物)を主語にした場合(→b): 普通はO(人)の前に to をつける。
buy 型:buy, make, cook, choose, get, etc.
O(人)は主語にはしない。
25g
GUCG
gnuuk is uid
T0ob sd
O(物)を主語にし,必ずO(人)の前にfor をつける。
His grandmother made John this cake.
0T airdt nssla
0
* This cake was made for John by his grandmother.
2.0を主語にし, Cは〈be動詞+過去分詞〉の後にそのまま残す。
OLSUBca m
2 注意すべき受動態の表現
Saoforig
3. They say that she is the most popular singer in the U.S. 121
→ a. It is said that she is the most popular singer in the U.S.
b. She is said to be the most popular singer in the U.S.
4.I was spoken to by the girl yesterday.
5. The soccer player is known to many people in the world. 123
122
3. They say that (…と言われている, …だそうだ)の表現。
目的語(that 節)を主語にした場合(→a)
that 節の主語を文全体の主語にした場合(→b)
4.群動詞を含む表現: 群動詞全体を1語の他動詞とみなす。
len3 ni gniwolo
1 The girl spoke to me yesterday.
5. by以外の前置詞を使った表現:be caught in ~, be covered with [in] ~、
be filled with ~, be made from [of] ~, etc.
3 日本語では能動態で表すが英語では受動態を使う表現
6. We were surprised at the newsflash.
124
その
7. Ten people were injured in the accident.
125
be
6.感情や心理状態を表す表現: be disappointed with [at/by] ~, be shocked
by [at] ~, be excited about [at] ~, be interested in ~, be pleased
ye
be d
be r
be worried about ~, etc.
with ~, be satisfied with ~,
7.被害を表す表現: be delayed, be hurt, be killed, be wounded, etc. ovel
be b
9
