4段落の一文目の文型、構造を教えてください

cluding tropical areas. 10 4 The scientists found that in areas as (with high-intensive agriculture and considerable climate warming, the number of insects decreased by half compared to natural habitats. The affected areas also saw a 30 percent drop in the number of species. 5 The researchers say insects play an important role in maintaining ecosystems. They are calling for urcent notic

添削お願いします🙇‍♀️

以下に示した表 (table) は Institute of International Education が実施したアメリカへの 留学生の数に関する調査結果です。 この表につい て、2008年と2009年を比較し、以下の①~④の4 つのポイントと具体的な数値を盛り込んで、90語 程度の英語でまとまりのある説明文を書きなさ い。数値は1語として数え、コンマやピリオドは語 数に含めません。 解答欄の最初の()に語数を記入 しなさい。 ① この表が示しているもの ② 留学生の総数の変化 ③ 中国からの留学生の傾向 ④ 日本からの留学生の傾向 Rank Place of Origin 1 China India South Korea Canada Taiwan Japan 2 3 4 5 6 25 Russia 2008 98,235 103,260 75,065 29,697 28,065 29,264 TOTAL 4,908 671,616 2009 127,628 104,897 72,153 28,145 26,685 24,842 4,827 690,923 Source: Institute of International Education, Opendoors ® 2010 fast facts Change 29.9% 1.6% -3.9% -5.2% -4.9% -15.1% -1.7% 2.9%

英語です！59番はなぜ受け身になっているんでしょうか？bodies we’re examined

Singh animais such as lions, tigers, and bears. 57. John's skin was too hard for the needles to go through. 58. They could no longer move. 59. When the elephants' bodies were examined, nothing was found in their stomachs-not even one drop of water. 60. Today, the three elephants rest in peace with other animals under the monument at the Ueno Zoo. 56. 陸軍はライオン, トラ, クマのような危険な動物を殺しなさいと動物園に 命令した。 57. ジョンの皮膚は硬すぎて針が通らなかった。 V 58. 彼らはもはや動くことができませんでした。 59. 象の体を調べると, 胃の中からは何も見つからなかった。 一滴の水でさえ。 60. 今日、3頭の象は他の動物と共に上野動物園の慰霊碑の下で安らかに 眠っています。

問26の問題の解説をお願いしたいです 🙏🏻 下線部の leading driver とはどういう意味なのでしょうか … 🌀

h * [3] 次の英文は､森林伐採 (deforestation) が地球環境に与える影響に関してのレポートです。 英文 を読み、各問に答えなさい。 (*印の語(句) は注を参考にすること) * The World Resources Institute (WRI) says the world lost 4.2 million hectares (of forest)land) (in 2020) The total area affected was(about the size of The Netherlands.) The loss of forest) (in 2020) was a 12 percent increase over 2019. オランダ How does deforestation affect climate? Climate change both causes forest loss, or deforestation, and is caused by deforestation Scientists warn that climate change creates hotter and drier climates. (18) a result, forests are more *vulnerable to fire and damaging insects. Plants are also important because they take(in CO2 that causes climate change cause 23 Rod Taylor is head(of WRT's forest program.) He said forests hold large amounts of CO2)and that losing them has serious effects ( 19 ) *biodiversity and the climate. *The International Monetary Fund says that the world economy dropped by about 3.5 percent) (in 2020) because of the COVID-19 pandemic. But deforestation continued to increase. The WRI かもしれない(可能性がある) says this was possible because lockdowns limited governments' ability to create laws @ ) forest loss People may have also moved out of cities(into local areas.) However, the strongest effects (of COVID-19)( ) forest loss) are probably still to come. WRI researcher Frances Seymour said: "It's possible that governments will try to restart their economies (on the backs) (of forests." Areas (near *the Earth's equator) lost a total of 12.2 million hectares) of forest(in ※形で等しい平等なという意味も持つ。 2020) This loss released the amount (of gas equal(( 20 ) 570 million cars). That is more than ² → [20¹5 equal to ~ 2" ME TEXT ★形前の(時間的、順序的) two times the number of cars on the roads in the United States.) Brazil saw the largest decrease (in forests) The 1.7 million hectares lost was a 25 percent increase (from the previous year.) There was some good news. Indonesia slowed its rate (of deforestation by 17 percent in 2020. Palm oil, a vegetable oil, is a leading driver (of deforestation) Last year, the price of palm oil) decreased, possibly affecting deforestation in Indonesia. (@) addition, experts say/the that are stopping forest loss after damaging fires in 2015) *

下から5行目のit would～の文構造がわからないです。back upはどのような働きをしているのでしょうか。 教えて頂けるとありがたいです。

A Makeover for Hoover Dam Hydropower has attracted increasing attention in recent years as a renewable type of clean energy. As long as a suitable water source is available, hydropower facilities are usually good investments, producing energy in a manner that generates far less air pollution and CO2 emissions than fossil fuels do. The most common way to generate hydropower is to trap water at a high elevation behind a dam so it can be released and used to spin turbines below, which, in turn, power electricity-producing generators. However, hydropower has its drawbacks. Droughts and increased water consumption have reduced the flow of many rivers. As rivers become shallower, the necessary volume of water for electricity difficult to maintain, and power supply and generation is dependability are negatively impacted. more Variability in water levels has particularly affected Hoover Dam, a mega-scale hydropower facility in the US state of Nevada. Built in the 1930s at enormous expense to control the frequently flooding Colorado River and maintain a water supply for farmland irrigation, the dam's hydropower capabilities were seen as a way to recover some of the costs of its construction over the long term. The dam's electricity-generating capacity, however, was challenged from the start by seasonal variability in water flow, and in recent years has been greatly reduced by droughts. Combining hydropower with other alternative energy sources, though, may offer a solution. Solar and wind plants can produce enormous amounts of electricity, but one serious downside is that the energy they produce is not available when there is little sun or wind. While conventional batteries can help with this issue, storing such tremendous volumes of electricity has long been a challenge. A recently proposed system for Hoover Dam could provide an answer, though. The plan suggests building a new pumping station that would be powered by both wind and solar. It would push water from the river back up to Hoover Dam, refilling the lake behind it. The water could be released anytime to power the dam's generators in order to reliably meet demand for electricity. Kelly Sanders, an engineering professor at the University of Southern California, is enthusiastic about the storage plan, saying, "We by the p replace fo solat als are st ons to the What is 1 Inst inves 2 WE dams 3 A neg sys 1 en

黄色マーカーで引いたabout herについてなのですが、aboutは彼女についてという意味で使われているという認識で正しいでしょうか...？？

(1) id again she would glance up at the clock, but without anxiety, merely to please herself with the thought that each minute gone by made it nearer the time when he would come. There was a slow smiling air about her, and about everything she did. The drop of the head as she bent over her sewing

この英文を読んで2つ疑問点がありました。 ①2行目で、oppositeが文末に来ている理由がわからないです。 ②(2)の下線部分のmonthが単数形になっている理由がわからないです。 教えて頂けると有難いです。

12 The room was warm and clean, the curtains drawn, the two table lamps alight-hers and the one by the empty chair opposite. On the sideboard behind her, two tall glasses, soda water, whiskey. Fresh ice cubes in the Thermos bucket. Now and again she would glance up at the clock, but without anxiety, merely to please herself with the thought that each minute gone by made it nearer the time when he would come. There was a slow smiling air about her, noand about everything she did. The drop of the head as she bent over her sewing was curiously tranquil. Her skin. for this was her sixth month with child - (1) (2) had acquired a wonderful *translucent quality, the mouth was soft, and the eyes, with their new placid look, seemed larger, darker, than before. *translucent: allowing light to pass through but not transparent months? ¶1 -

when poor environmental health and reduced quality of life are actually good for the economy の理由が 低下した自然サービスと戦うために必要な活動や製品がGDPを増大させるから な... Read More

第3・4段落 1So how do we reconcile our economy with ecology? The Earth provides us with essential natural services like air and water purification and climate stability, but these aren't part of our economy because we've always assumed such things are free. 3But natural services are only free when the ecosystems that maintain them are healthy. 4Today, with our growing population and increasing demands on ecosystems, we're degrading them more and more. Unfortunately, remedial activities and products like air filters, bottled water, eye drops and other things we need to combat degraded services all add to the GDP, which economists call growth. Something is terribly wrong with our economic system when poor environmental health and reduced quality of life are actually good for the economy! 「それでは,私たちはどのようにして経済と環境の折り合いをつけるのだろうか。 地球は空 気や水の浄化、気候の安定性といった必要不可欠な自然のサービスを提供してくれるが,私た ちはこれまでずっとそういうものは無料だと思い込んでいたので,それらは経済の一部とはな っていない。 しかし、自然のサービスが無料なのは, それを維持する生態系が健全なときだけなのであ る。 4今日,人口が増加し生態系への負担が高まるにつれ,私たちは生態系をますます傷つけて いる。 5残念なことに, 環境改善のための活動や製品,たとえばエアフィルター, ボトル入りの 水,目薬や質が低下したサービスに対処するために私たちが必要とするその他のものはすべ て GDPを増加させるが, それを経済学者は成長と呼ぶ。 環境が不健全になり、生活の質が低 下していることが実は経済にとってよいことなら、私たちの経済システムは何かがひどく間違 っているのである。 □ecology 「環境,生態」 2□essential 「必要不可欠な」 □ stability 「安定性」 30ecosystem 「生態系｣ 4 demand on A 「A への要求, 負担」 □ purification 「浄化」 □ climate 「気候｣ □ free 「無料の」 | degrade 「を悪化させる, の質を低下させる」 99

4番の書き直しの答え教えてください🙇‍♀️

He studied maps, made maps of his own voyages and of the voyages of others, and read books of travel. And always he said to himself: "There is an ocean east of China and an ocean west of Europe. Well, if the earth is round, it must be the same ocean that reaches from Europe around to China and laps the shores of both. And anyone can see that the earth is round if he watches how a ship sails out of sight on a clear day. Its hull disappears first, then the sails, till at last the very tip of the mast drops out of sight over the curve of the sea. If I could sail westward far enough, I know I should reach the eastern lands, and the great prob- lem would be solved." But Columbus had no way of proving his belief that he could get to the East by sailing (©). He was a poor man, and he had no money of his own with which he could buy ships, pay for supplies, and hire sailors to prove his kings and queens were rich () and powerful () in the belief. Only days to *fur- nish what he needed. For many long years (toto / helend / get / tried him/ships and sailors / one or another of the kings of Europe) with which to make the voyage. Of the great countries only France remained, and Columbus determined to go there. If the king of France failed him, no hope was left. *hull : 「船体」 *furnish: 「~を提供する」 C ships 1) 文中の空所ⓢⓔ (2ヵ所ある)に適語を1話ずつ補え, (各3) 2) 下線部の不定詞に用法の点で最も近い不定詞を含む文を次から1つ選び, 記号で答え £. (3) a b Cin It is difficult to finish it within a week. She was happy to receive. a love letter. You must work hard to master math. d She must be mad to say such a thing. 3) カッコ ⓘ が 「彼はヨーロッパの国王に誰かれとなく船と船員を貸してもらおうと努めま した」 という意味を表すように、 カッコ内の語句を並べ換えよ。 (6) 4) 下線部 ⑧ とほぼ同意になるように、次の書き出しに続けて英文を完成させよ。 (4) Columbus determined that ... 5) 本文の内容と一致するように,次の空所に適切な語を1話ずつ補え。 (各3) 7 Geography was among Columbus's ( ) studies. ). At the age of fourteen, Columbus became a ( The king of France was the (1) hope of Columbus. ( 12:10) を和訳せよ。 6) 下線部 how de P jole sicut to stay at badan dan undhe as.

この英文の100字要約をお願いします🙇‍♀️⤵️

Read the passage and answer the questions that follow. (1). „Why do batteries matter? Look at all your electronic devices: from laptops to smartphones to Kindles or iPads, even your watch. Those electronics are getting more energy-efficient and require less energy than they used to. But as they do, people get greedy and want their capabilities to increase. The battery, or how much energy you can 05 store in a given volume and weight, is the defining factor in this whole field. Then there are electric cars. If we can make batteries with double the "energy TR2Z density of today's and drive the price below $200 per "kilowatt-hour (versus $300 to $800 today, depending on type and weight), we could have a car with a 300-mile range, even with the air conditioner or heater turned up, that would sell for $25,000 to $30,000. The 10 Department of Energy's goal is to get batteries to $150 per kilowatt-hour by the year 2020. 01 Finally, there are the "utility-scale batteries, which are very important for renewable TR28 energy. Wind and solar power are going to become more common. Wind is already the second-cheapest form of new energy, after shale gas, and it will become the cheapest 15 15 within a decade. Right now "utility companies get about 4 percent of their power from renewable sources other than "hydro- and that 4 percent is roughly all from wind. We may see a day when renewables make up 50, 60, 70 percent of the total supply of energy. Utility companies will need batteries to stabilize the flow of renewable energy into the *grid, and also require a better electrical control system to (3)do the switching. People 20 may have these batteries at their homes instead of generators. All of this would create a huge market. But the effects would be more profound. T There are mountainous places even in the U.S., like western Alaska, that will never be connected to the electric grid. There aren't enough people, and the distances are too great. There are many parts of South Asia like this, too. But they will have solar and 25 wind power - which, in 10 or 15 years, are going to be as cheap as any other form of energy, or cheaper. Once you have "storage systems, you can put a little "solar installation on your roof or "a plot of land, and then you will have your electric supply! It will be like cellphones' "leapfrogging the "land-line era. It will transform the prosperity of the world. 【Notes】 energy density エネルギー密度 (ここでは電池の容量を意味する) kilowatt-hour キロワット時 (1キロワットの機器を1時間使ったときの消費電力量) utility-scale 電力供給に使う規模の hydro utility company t storage 貯蔵 (ここでは電気を蓄えておくことを意味する) grid solar installation a plot of land 一画の土地 land-line 地上 (の電話) 線 by a factor of two (増減の幅が)2倍で (50pts.) leapfrog 〜を一足跳びにする