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TOEICใƒปEnglish Undergraduate

๐Ÿšจ่‡ณๆ€ฅใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใ„ใŸใ—ใพใ™๐Ÿšจ ๅ†™็œŸใฎๅ•้กŒใฎ็ญ”ใˆใŒใ‚ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใฎ็ขบ่ชใ‚’ ใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใ—ใ€้–“้•ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚Œใฐๆญฃใ—ใ„็ญ”ใˆใจ ่งฃ่ชฌ็ญ‰ใ‚’ใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚

Check! II (็ขบ่ชๅ•้กŒ) CD 29 DL 29 ( )ๅ†…ใฎๆŒ‡็คบใซๅพ“ใฃใฆใ€ๆฌกใฎ1~4ใฎ่‹ฑๆ–‡ใฎไธ‹็ทš้ƒจๅˆ†ใ‚’ๆ›ธใๆ›ใˆใŸใ‚ใจใ€ใใฎ่‹ฑๆ–‡ใ‚’ๆ—ฅๆœฌ่ชžใซใ—ใชใ•ใ„ใ€‚ 1. My father cuts his nails now. (็พๅœจ้€ฒ่กŒๅฝขใซ) ใ€Š่‹ฑ่ชžใ€‹ My father.is. cutting.his.nails.naw ใ€Šๆ—ฅๆœฌ่ชžใ€‹็ˆถใฏไปŠ็ˆชใ‚’ๅˆ‡ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚ 2. Rumors flew about their marriage. (้ŽๅŽป้€ฒ่กŒๅฝขใซ) ใ€Š่‹ฑ่ชžใ€‹Rumers were flying about their marriase. ใ€Šๆ—ฅๆœฌ่ชžใ€‹ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฎ็ตๅฉšใซใคใ„ใฆใฎใ†ใ‚ใ•ใŒ้ฃ›ใณไบคใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ€‚ 3. The building will near completion. (ๆœชๆฅ้€ฒ่กŒๅฝขใซ) ใ€Š่‹ฑ่ชžใ€‹ The building will be nearing completion. ใ€Šๆ—ฅๆœฌ่ชžใ€‹ใ“ใฎๅปบ็‰ฉใ‚‚ๅฎŒๆˆใซ่ฟ‘ใฅใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ 4. Fred practices acupuncture' since 2014. (็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†้€ฒ่กŒๅฝขใซ) ใ€Š่‹ฑ่ชžใ€‹ Fred has been practicing acupuncture since 2014. ใ€Šๆ—ฅๆœฌ่ชžใ€‹ใƒ•ใƒฌใƒƒใƒ‰ใฏ2014ๅนดใ‹ใ‚‰้ผ็ธๆฅญใ‚’ๅ–ถใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใฏใ‚Šใใ‚…ใ† Notes 1. practice acupuncture ใ€Œ้ผ็ธๆฅญใ‚’ๅ–ถใ‚€ใ€ ใ‚’ใคใ‘ใ‚‹ใ€‚

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English Senior High

31่กŒใฎitใฏไฝ•ใ‚’ๆŒ‡ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸitใŒthingใ‚’ๆŒ‡ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใจใ‚‚ๆ€ใฃใŸใฎใงใ™ใŒใใ‚Œใ ใจundurstandใฎๅพŒใซๅ่ฉžใฎ็ฉดใŒใงใใฆใ—ใพใฃใฆใŠใ‹ใ—ใ„ใฎใงใฏใชใ„ใ‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ๆ•™ใˆใฆ้ ‚ใใŸใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚

25 out of twenty native Alaskan languages, ๅ†ฌใฎๆœ€ Although language extinction is sad for the people involved, why should the rest of us care? What effect will other people's language loss have on the future of people who (A): speak English, for example? Replacing a minor language with a more widespread ใƒปใ‚†ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝ 124) = permit . 20 one may even seem like a good thing, allowing people to communicate with each other more easily. But language diversity is as important as biological diversity. ใจใ„ใ„ hot all ~70% Andrew Woodfield, director of the Centre for Theories of Language and Learning 1-14 in Bristol, England, suggested in a 1995 seminar on language conservation that people do not yet know all the ways in which linguistic diversity is important. "The fact is, no one knows exactly what riches are hidden inside the less-studied languages," he says. Woodfield compares one argument for conserving unstudied endangered plants - that they may be medically valuable with the argument for conserving endangered languages. We have inductive evidence based on past studies of well-known danguages that there will be riches, even though we do not know what they will be ๅ˜่ชž ใ‚’ใ ใ™ใ“ใจใŒ It seems (B) 30 paradoxical but it's true. By allowing.languages to die out, the human race is destroying ไพฟ 4714 things doesn't understand," he argues. (243) Stephen Wurm, in his introduction to the Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger 1-1

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English Senior High

ๆทปๅ‰ŠใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใ—ใŸใ„ใงใ™๐Ÿ™‡

2 ๆฌกใฎๆ–‡ใ‚’่‹ฑ่ชžใซใ—ใชใ•ใ„ใ€‚ (1) ๆตทๅค–ใงใ—ใฐใ‚‰ใๆšฎใ‚‰ใ—ใฆใฟใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏ, ๆ—ฅๆœฌใ‚’้•ใฃใŸ่ง’ๅบฆใ‹ใ‚‰่ฆ‹็›ดใ™ใ‚ˆใ„ ๆฉŸไผšใจใชใ‚‹ใ€‚ [้’ๅฑฑๅญฆ้™ขๅคง * ] Living abroadcfor a while is good opportunities from a different point of view in Japan. (2)ใ“ใฎๅ›ฝใงใฏใตใคใ†, ไบบใซไผšใฃใŸใจใ, ๆกๆ‰‹ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚ใ‚ŠใซใŠ่พžๅ„€ใ‚’ใ—ใพ ้•ใฃใŸ่ง’ๅบฆใ‹ใ‚‰ from a different point of view ใŠ่พžๅ„€ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ bow ใ™ใ€‚ [ๆ—ฅๆœฌๅฅณๅญๅคงโ€ ] In this country. we usually bow instead of shaking hands when we meet someone, ไธ–้–“ใ‹ใ‚‰ [้นฟๅ…ๅณถๅคง *โ€ ] โ†’ไป–ไบบใ‹ใ‚‰ ~ใ‚’ๆฐ—ใซใจใ‚ใ‚‹ care ~ (3) ่‹ฅ่€…ใฏไธ–้–“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใฉใ†่ฆ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚ใพใ‚Šๆฐ—ใซใจใ‚ใชใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใ ใ‚ˆใ€‚ Young people don't care about what other people think of them. 4) ้Ÿณๆฅฝใ‚’่ดใใฎใŒๅฅฝใใชไบบใŒไธŠๆ‰‹ใซๆผ”ๅฅใงใใ‚‹ใจใฏใ‹ใŽใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ€‚ Not all the people who like listening to music [ ๆ—ฅๆœฌๅฅณๅญๅคง ] play musical instruments well. 5) ใใกใ‚“ใจๆ™‚้–“ใ‚’ๅฎˆใ‚‹ไบบใ‚‚ใ„ใ‚Œใฐใ€็ด„ๆŸใฎๆ™‚้–“ใซใปใจใ‚“ใฉใ„ใคใ‚‚้…ใ‚Œใ‚‹ไบบ ใ‚‚ใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚ Sore people are punctual on time, wh while others alment always late for appointment [ๆ„›็Ÿฅ] ใใกใ‚“ใจโ†’ใ„ใคใ‚‚ ๆ™‚้–“ใ‚’ๅฎˆใ‚‹ punctual (ๅฝข)/ on time 21

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English Senior High

ใ“ใฎๆ–‡็ซ ใซๆ–‡ๆง‹้€ ใ‚’ๆ›ธใ่พผใ‚“ใงใ„ใŸใ ใใŸใ„ใงใ™๐Ÿ™‡โ€โ™€๏ธ

ๆ–‡็ซ ๆง‹้€ ๅ›ณ ่‹ฑๆ–‡ใฎ้ป’็ถฒโ‡’ใ‚ญใƒผใ‚ปใƒณใƒ†ใƒณใ‚น ...โ‡’ๅˆฅๅ†ŠใƒŠใƒ“ใƒ–ใƒƒใ‚ฏๆœฌๆ–‡่งฃ่ชฌ 5 1 The recipe for making any creature is written in its DNA. So last year, when geneticists* published the near-complete DNA sequence of the long-extinct woolly mammoth, there was much speculation about whether we could bring this giant creature back to life. 10 e Creating a living, breathing creature from a genome* sequence that exists only in a computer's memory is not possible right now. But someone someday is sure to try it, predicts Stephan Schuster, a molecular biologist at Pennsylvania State University and a driving force behind the mammoth genome project. 3 So besides the mammoth, what other extinct beasts might we bring back to life? Well, [besides) it is only going to be possible with creatures for which we can recover a complete genome sequence. (1)Without one, there is no chance. And usually when a creature dies, the (=Without a complete genome sequence, there is no chance of bringing an extinct creature back to life.) DNA in any flesh left untouched is soon destroyed as it is attacked by sunshine and 2 leave O done) bacteria.

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English Senior High

่‹ฑ่ชž้•ทๆ–‡ใƒใƒฉใƒชใ‚น2ใฎๆ–‡ๆง‹้€ ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ณชๅ•ใงใ™ใ€‚ๅ†™็œŸใฎใƒ”ใƒณใ‚ฏใฎ็Ÿขๅฐใฎใ€ŒButใ€ใฏ็ญ‰ไฝๆŽฅ็ถš่ฉžใจใ—ใฆ่งฃ่ชฌใ—ใฆใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใŒใ€ใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใฉใฎ็ฏ€ใ‚„ๅฅใจๆŽฅ็ถšใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹๏ผŸ ๏ผˆๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใจใ—ใฆๆ›ธใ‹ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใŸใชใ‚‰ใ€ใพใ ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใŒโ€ฆ๏ผ‰

2 1 There are indeed cases [where linguistic change can lead to problems V S of unintelligibility, ambiguity, and social division]. ๅ’Œ่จณ ่จ€่ชžใŒๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ€ ๆ„ๅ‘ณใŒ้€šใ˜ใชใใชใฃใŸใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ใ„ใพใ„ใซใชใฃใŸใ‚Šใ€็คพไผšใŒ ๅˆ†ๆ–ญใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚Šใจใ„ใฃใŸๅ•้กŒใซใคใชใŒใ‚Šๅพ—ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ‚‚ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€‚ ่ชžๅฅ linguistic ใ€Œ่จ€่ชžใฎใ€ใ€ ambiguity ใ€Œใ‚ใ„ใพใ„ใ•ใ€ใ€division ใ€Œๅˆ†ๅ‰ฒใ€ If change is too rapid), there can be major communication problems, S V C V (as in contemporary Papua New Guinea ) S - a point [which needs to be considered (in connection with the field of language planning)]. |ๅ’Œ่จณ ๅค‰ๅŒ–ใŒใ‚ใพใ‚Šใซๆ€ฅๆฟ€ใ ใจใ€่จ€่ชžๆ”ฟ็ญ–ใซใคใ„ใฆๆคœ่จŽใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๆ™‚ๆœŸใซใใฆใ„ ใ‚‹็พๅœจใฎใƒ‘ใƒ—ใ‚ขใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚ฎใƒ‹ใ‚ขใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใ‚ณใƒŸใƒฅใƒ‹ใ‚ฑใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณไธŠใฎๅคงๅ•้กŒใซใ‚‚ใชใ‚Š ๅพ—ใ‚‹ใ€‚ ่ชžๅฅ in connection with ~ ใ€Œ~ใซ้–ข้€ฃใ—ใฆใ€ 3 But (as a rule), the parts of language [which are changing (at any S given time)] are tiny, (in comparison to the vast, unchanging areas of language). VC ๅ’Œ่จณ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ๆฆ‚ใ—ใฆใ€่จ€่ชžใฎใ†ใกใ€ๅธธๆ™‚ๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ—็ถšใ‘ใฆใ„ใ‚‹้ƒจๅˆ†ใฏใ€่จ€่ชžใฎๅบƒๅคงใชไธๅค‰ ใฎ้ ˜ๅŸŸใจๆฏ”ในใ‚Œใฐๆฅตใ‚ใฆๅฐใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ่ชžๅฅ in comparison to ~ ใ€Œ~ใจๆฏ”่ผƒใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ 188 4 (Indeed), it is (because change is so infrequent) that it is so distinctive ๅผท่ชฟๆง‹ๆ–‡ and noticeable. SV ๅ’Œ่จณ ๅฎŸ้š›ใ€่จ€่ชžใฎๅค‰ๅŒ–ใŒใ“ใ‚Œใปใฉ้ก•่‘—ใง็›ฎ็ซ‹ใคใฎใฏใ€ ใใ‚ŒใŒใ”ใใพใ‚Œใซใ—ใ‹่ตทใ“ใ‚‰ ใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใฎใ ใ€‚ ่ชžๅฅ infrequent ใ€Œใ‚ใฃใŸใซ่ตทใ“ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ€ใ€ distinctive ใ€Œ็‰นๅพด็š„ใช๏ฝฃ noticeable ใ€Œ็›ฎ ใ€Œ็ซ‹ใคใ€

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Mathematics Senior High

็ญ”ใˆๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„๐Ÿฅฒ๐Ÿ™๐Ÿป

A Review the text and fill in the blanks. 1. Steve's idea of learning Japanese: Learning Japanese is a piece of ( 2. Steve's confusing experiences: Wasei-eigo ). The situation is much more ( ). Steve thought it was ... apple juice a white shirt a very large house ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒ€ใƒผ ใƒฏใ‚คใ‚ทใƒฃใƒ„ ใƒžใƒณใ‚ทใƒงใƒณ ใƒ›ใƒƒใƒˆใ‚ฑใƒผใ‚ญ ใƒ•ใƒฉใ‚คใƒ‰ใƒใƒ†ใƒˆ ใƒ–ใƒฌใƒณใƒ‰ (confused) (confused) (confused) 3. What did Steve learn? ( ) is not a bad thing: it's a first ( In English, they say... soda pop ( ) ) shirt ) ) ( ) ) in learning something new. B You are having trouble learning English. What kind of advice would Steve give you? a. I understand your feelings, but there's nothing that I can do for you. b. Don't be afraid of confusion and making mistakes. c. Don't waste your time learning English. Try to find something more EA DOY interesting. Complete the summary by filling in the blanks. would be (1. Steve is a 16-year-old American boy on homestay in Japan. He thought Japanese ) because many words come from English. He had several confusing experiences. He discovered that English words written in katakana sometimes mean something (2. ) in Japanese. For example, means a (3. very large house. Learning Japanese can be (4. ) in learning something new. is the first (5. ), not a ). However, he feels that confusion [condominium / different / easy / step / confusing ]

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