ページ3:

Organic compounds = Carbon compounds.
c
Whilera on CA, F
Major
ยกเงิน
except
1. oxide of ¿CO₂, co
2. Co, Salt HCO", co, → Nail Co, CaCO
Inorganic 3 Salt CN³, (NO, CNS
KCN
cac, Sic,
diamond
-5-elements/graphite
Compound
a carbide
พันธ
fullerene
Bonding of carbon
Hybridization of C
1) Sp-
2) Sp²
18 orbital ve
3) SP
Sp³ - Hybridization
energy
2
SF
25
Promotion
(excited state)
GIR
15
overlap
15 25
2P
↑
S-Orbital
1 V
1
S
1 1 1
sp³ hybid
Orbital
P - orbital
Z
Carbon atom
sp³
H = 15
-O
bond angle
109.5°
x. H
Te Lix Pedron
head to head
H
16-bond H
6-bond
/
CH
1
H
H
H
6-bond
(sign a bond) แข็งแรง กว่า 1 - bond
side to side
π- bond
(pine bond)

ページ4:

-Functional Group a
group
of
atoms which has
Characteristic chemical properties.
H
H
H
H
H H
Reactive เอง ได้ ต้องเกิดปฏิกิริยา)
Residue group (R-group)
พ
เฉื่อย
in active Cinert)
Polar
non-polar
Name
Alcoholc-anol)
b
Ether
&
Functional
Group
R-O-H
or
R-OH
Hydroxyl Chydroxy)
20
R
-
ง
O-R
"
'
Oxy (alcoxy)
Aldehyde (-anal)
R-C - H
Carboxaldehyde)
Or R-CHO
ketone
"1
/
R - C
R
or
Carbonyl
Weak base
H
anino
R-N-H
(1°)
secondary amine
Amine (-anamine)
->
R-
“
H
(1°)
Primary amine
⑨Carboxylic Acid
(-anoic acid)
CH₂-
-NH - CH
H - O - H
Example
CH₂- CH₂ - OH
CH - O - CH - CHO
0
11
CHI - C H / CHO - CHO
- H/ CHỊ CHO
R-CO-R
R-
(3°)
tertiary amine
:0:
11
-C
- Ö-H or
R-COOH
CH₂-COOH
carboxyl
R-CO₂H
O=U
Or R-COO-R
CH3-COO-CH2-CH3
10)
Ester
R
Amide
R
C-O-R
alkoxycarbonyl
0
11
C
i
H
-
H
0
0
"
H
"
R-C-N
R
R
- C
N
R

ページ5:

12) Thiol
193
Sulfide
disulfide
Acid chloride
① Acid anhydride
Haloalkane
(Alkyl halide)
R-S-H
R-S-R
R-S-S-R
11
R-C-CI
11
R-C-O-C-Ŕ
H-C
|
H
I
H
- C
halogen
C
or
10
1
(F, Cl, Br, I )
H
Hl
18
Nitrile
R-CEN: Or
R-CN
KCN
Inorganic
CH-CH-CN
Aromatic hydrocarbon
H
H
sp
|
H
C-H
||
Benzene เบนซีน CH
Derivative of benzene
or
organic
Naphthelene
Toluene
(ลูกเหม็น)
side-to-side
π- electron (6)
delocalization
kecule structure
<bp=80°c)
R-X
Resonance structure
Resonance
Resonance hybrid

ページ6:

sp² - Hybridization
energy
1
2S
1 1 1
2PX 2P 2PZ
Promotion
7V
15
↑
T-bond
8
1
2Pz
1
1
1
22
sp² hybrid or bi tal
6-bond
H
SP-Hybridization
Double bond
fo-bond
T-bond
1
1
2PX 2Py
2PZ
1
1 1
2Py
18, 19,
25
1
1S
Promotion
6-bond
π-bond
1S
SP hybrid orbital
สามเหลี่ยมแบนราบ
Trigonal Planar
Linear
sp
Triple bond
H-¿=¿
-
-H Fo-bond
2 π-bond
H