ページ3:

< Among topics (we discussed over lunch) >
was
the regrettable habit
film directors then had of altering the plot of a novel
to suit themselves, to the extent (even) of changing
a
sad
ending\
into a
happy
one.

ページ4:

Science is base on careful observation
and
experiment
[enabling theories to be constructed (which connect different experiences)]
Regularities (in the workings of nature) are sought
which hopefully reveal the fundamental laws.
~が求められる。
(that
govern
the behavior of matter and forces)
(Central to this approach)
is
the willingness of the scientist
to abandon a theory if evidence is produced against it.)

ページ5:

And since the kings were more likely (than the farmers) to influence world events
be likely to ~「~する可能性がある」
and
to have biographies written about them,
[what we know of history] has been (largerly> shaped <by the careers of famous men,

ページ6:

④It is much better to employ that time/in anlyzing [what is wrong]
⑦
and
correcting ✓
The real virtue of man lies/in recognizing that faults can be set right.
and
間違いは修正できる
in
striving
to correct them.

ページ7:

One difficulty is
that there is no clear dividing line
↑
between those forms of aggression ( which we all deplore)
and
those (which we must not disown/if we are to survive)
L

ページ8:

Yet it is a very plain and elementary.
the fortune
of us!
私たちのひとりひとりの
truth that the life,
of
everone
and the happiness
and more or less,
of those who are connected with us,
do depend on our knowing something of the rules of a game
実際に
多少なりとも
↑
infinitely
more difficult
and
complicated
than chess.

ページ9:

through

ページ10:

Teenagers do not see a murder on TV
and
feel encouraged to knife someone
direct result
as
(do not see~)
and
(feel~)

ページ11:

0 (To form a society) individuals must be related in a certain mamer.
②
For instance, if people do not communicate with each other,
if they are
perpetually in aggressive physical combat
if they do not cooperate with each other,
and
do so routinely over a period of time,
then their interactions are not social
and
they don't constitute
a
society

ページ12:

D The fact [that animals lose their knowledge of things
and
as time goes by,
Consequently
their interest in them,
situations.
many
Some
thing else
accounts for their absurd behavior in
@ They constantly interrupt one line of action to do
and
they may come back to the first activity
or forget it altogether.
③ Human beings, (on the other hand) (thanks to language,)
are able to pursue one purpose
or to act in relation to a principle
(over long periods of time.>
長期間にわたって
or
to an ideal

ページ13:

<Without language), man would communicate only (simple thoughts,
4 仮定法
②
But with language), he can talk to other men
③By these means
and
idea
and experiences
he can put his talk into writing < for other men (to read).>
toの意味上のS
he can make known to others) all (of his thoughts, ideas, feelings, and experiences)
V5 C
all of
0
↑ VCOの倒置

ページ14:

It comes down (ultimately) <I think,>
最終的には
(which)
V
to the fact that his first obligation is to the truth of the subject (he is teaching),
and
that
the reading of literature (ever) to become a habit
toの意味上のS
仮にも
and
a pleasure
it must <first) be a descipline.
* (for ~) to ~
副詞的用法「~のためには」
目的