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の征 ] 講 ニーーー
次の英文を読み、 設問に答えよ。
Urban legends consist of narrative accountm of events。 which are Presented am
truth、but which are in reality completely false。 They are umually DA&8Wedl on 人yom
storyteller to Histener as factual mccounta、 with meemingly trumtworthy aourees。
warranted by some reliable、cloae acqumintance such as a 人friend or Yelative who
esperienced the event ( 1 ) or heard of it directly from the Per8on orY people
Sometimes news media are attributed as the souree and this gves
involved、
additional backup to claims of being factual. The story often ends with an ironie or
supernatural tyist。
Most of these features are applicable to rumors as well, Rumor8 bear significant
similarities in content to urban legends. In structure, however, rumors do not look as
formalized as legends. An urban legend usually has a well-elaborated plot and
circulates in a complete narrative form, while a rumor's plot is generally less developed
or even incoherent. The ending ofarumoroften( 4 ) the ironic or supernatural
twist we generally find in a legend.
durabihty.
oeで
Another difference between urban legends and rumors is their
Although many minor and unimportant changes are made to urban legends while they
are jn creulation, the core elements of plot remain unchanged through time、 and they
continue to be told for many years. Conversely, rumors have shorter liyes and
generally dissolve after a few weeks' circulation.
For example, in the story of “the vanishing hitchhiker,” a driver gives a ride to a
hitehhiker on a lonely road but subsequently discovers that the hitchhiker is really a
ghost. There are a lot of variations among the specific details in the story.Sometimes
the ghost is met not on a road but at a party or a restaurant. Sometimes the ghost
disappears just when the vehicle drives past a graveyard. 。Sometimes the ghost
leaves an item such as a book or a coat in the car, which is later identified as haying
belonged to him or her. Sometimes the driver yisits the house where the ghost asked
to be taken,and recognizes the hitchhiker from a family portrait. Elements Cf the
“disappearing ghost" story can be found in narratives dating as far back as the late
