最後の文でbutの後が動名詞として使われているのですが文と動名詞は名詞の役割をするのでSV関係が成り立っておらず、文として成立しなくなってしまうのではないかと思いました。なぜこのような形が取れるのか教えて頂きたいです。

したに abstractions. Indeed, it may not have been thinking at all. <In most いしてないかもしれない animals partial sensory deprivation can lead to hallucinations*, and ☆文を切ります extreme deprivation to madness, the "thoughts" of the monkey's brain can Fed lead to 56 動 may not have been meaningful or clear thoughts, but nerve cells firing randomly. rld M XC 1つの出来事

9行目のitが何を指しているかということと、have been thinkingが完了進行形の受動態として使われているのか、be動詞の完了形でthinkingが名詞として使われているのかわからないので教えて頂きたいです。 よろしくお願いします。

10 5 おかれる a 不気味 71 1/In a disgusting series of experiments in the early 1960s, a surgeon in America cut open the heads of monkeys and removed their brains. サ ◎Then he placed each brain on an apparatus specially designed to V3 C 機能する supply it with nutrients that would keep it alive] It seemed to work. (1) VS 0 C Brain waves were produced as they would be from a living brain 文理由 (付帯も precace 「被っているので省略さ ことが多 lasは前のもので内容が However deprived of any kind of sensory input no sights nor sounds, つまり no tastes nor smells, no touching nor feeling, no pleasure nor pain its thinking must/necessarily have been limited to memories and したにちがいない abstractions. Indeed, it may not have been thinking at all. <In most してないかもしれない animals, partial sensory deprivation can lead to hallucinations*, and ☆文を切りはす 狂気 extreme deprivation to madness, the “thoughts” of the monkey's brain can Fed lead to よくこびmay not have been meaningful or clear thoughts, but nerve cells firing randomly. M XC 1つの出来事 動名

injection of healing cells① the idea that curing cells➁ 上は、治療細胞なのに 下は細胞を治す になるんですが、この違いは何なんでしょうか？ １枚目写真の上から三段目ー① ２枚目の写真の下から二段目ー➁

英文 11 It was a miracle of almost biblical* proportions. In 1998, scientists in Israel revealed that rats whose spinal cords had been severed" had walked again after an injection of healing immune cells called macrophages. Their hopes buoyed by enthusiastic media coverage, paralysed patients began to dream of taking their own tentative* steps. 12

上から 3段目のヒーリングについてです。 私はここを 意味上の動詞（言い方間違ってたらすいません。）だと思いました 。つまり 免疫細胞を治すような注射という風に訳したわけです。 しかし 、和訳では治癒効果のある免疫細胞、となっていました 。 なぜここでは 意味上の動詞のよ... 続きを読む

11 脊髄再生医療 |英文] had 1 It was a miracle of almost biblical* proportions. In 1998, scientists in Israel revealed that rats whose spinal cords had been severed* walked again after an injection of healing immune cells called macrophages. Their hopes buoyed by enthusiastic media coverage, paralysed patients began to dream of taking their own tentative+ steps.

their hopesが、意味上の主語と書いてありますが、これは単なる従属節の中の主語じゃないですか？ I ask him to write the essay.とかならhimが意味上の主語になるのがわかるんですが、、

テーマ 専門性 11 脊髄再生医療 [英文 1 It was a miracle of almost biblical* proportions. In 1998, scientists in Israel revealed that rats whose spinal cords had been severed* had walked again after an injection of healing immune cells called macrophages. Their hopes buoyed by enthusiastic media coverage, 5 paralysed patients began to dream of taking their own tentative* steps. 12 Five years on the status of those dreams remains unclear

写真三枚目の波線部についてです。 本来与えられた正常に機能する遺伝子 とかいてありますが、本来、のニュアンスとはどこからきているんですか？

hi 56 18 Capecchi and Smithies both quickly saw that ES cells offered an opportunity to generate live animals with a desired mutation in every cell. Researchers could target genes in ES cells and then sort out the

下線部④を省略されている語句を補って完全な分にしなさい。 という問題です！ 教えてください！Why notじゃだめなんですか？(´❛-❛`)

13 Reading Reading 104 /320 /100 /12 Recipe Listening 探検家のグレイはなぜ、高級ホテルに入れてもらえなかったのでしょうか? Richard Gray was a famous explorer". He was also a millionaire". He had visited every country in the world. Last year he decided to walk across Red Devil Valley, the hottest place on Earth. He walked for days over the hot desert sand. One night he found the place that he had camped in the day before. Gray had walked (). He was lost. Two days later he had drunk all his water. He couldn't walk. He crawled" to the top of a sand dune* and saw a man. The man was wearing clean trousers, a white shirt, and a tie. Gray crawled over to him. 4 "Water, water," he said. "I'm terribly sorry," replied the man, "but I haven't got any water with me." "Help me!" shouted Gray. "I'm a millionaire. I'll give you anything." That's very nice of you," said the man. "Look, I can't give you any water, but would you like to buy my tie?" NO 45 "A tie? Of course ()!" screamed Gray, and crawled away. He crawled slowly up the next sand dune. His lips were cracked and dry. When he reached the top of the dune, is he saw a huge luxury hotel. People were swimming in the huge swimming pool. There were beautiful fountains everywhere. "Is it a mirage*?" he thought. He stood up and staggered down the dune. A porter in a white uniform came out of the door. "Water. Please!" screamed Gray. "I'm sorry, you can't go into this hotel," said the porter. Why not? I've got plenty of money." "Yes," replied the porter, "but you aren't wearing a tie." NOTES explorer: millionaire: 大金持ち (268 words) Red Devil Valley: 架空の土地の名前 sand dune: R crack･･･にひびを入らせる luxury ぜいたくな crawlはう mirage: LAK stagger: よろよろ歩く porter (ホテルの) ボーイ パート ごとの 959

写真１枚目の英文の説明（写真３枚目）について。 要はこの説明、キメラ同士掛け合わせてできた子供（ES細胞由来の遺伝子ある）をまたさらにかけ合わせればもうそれは純粋なES細胞由来の生物が生まれるってことですか？前後の文も要望あれば記載させていただきます。

Lcells, she says. 17 A few years later Evans and his colleagues showed that they could produce live mice by injecting cultured ES cells into a developing 50 embryo. The result is a chimera, an animal whose tissues are a mix of T the ES cells and those from the host embryo. In many of those chimeras, the added ES cells by chance produce the animal's sperm or eggs, and when these chimeras mate, some of their offspring carry the stem cells' genes in all their tissues.

写真２枚目の下線部の訳があんまり理解できません。訳は３枚目にあるんですが、まず、調べてもcopiesの意味がわからなかったです（おそらく遺伝子？）。 それと、正常に、というニュアンスはworkingから来ているんでしょうか？

55 genes in an their issues. 18 Capecchi and Smithies both quickly saw that ES cells offered an opportunity to generate live animals with a desired cell. Researchers could target genes in ES cells mutation in every and then sort out the

①がエになる理由を教えてください

引数 戻り値 ① Function mysurface (radius As Double) As Double Dim pi As Double Dims As Double ⑤3.14 ⑥⑥ = pi (8) S ✓ = End Function 3 ア. 円の半径 オ. 戻り値 ⑥'円の面積を計算 円周率を定義 戻り値として円の面積を戻す イ. 円の面積 力. radius 右のフローチャートは,線形 探索を行う関数のアルゴリズ ムを表したものである。探索 する値を引数として受け取 り、右図のようにセルA1~ A10に格納されたデータに 対して線形探索を行い,探索 する値が存在した場合は,戻 り値として“あり” を, 存在 しなかった場合は,“なし” を戻す。 空欄 ①~⑤に該当す るものを下のア〜カから選 び, 記号で答えなさい。 ア. 戻り値 = “あり” ウ.flag = 0 オ. Cells(i, 1).value = 引数 考えてみよう 関数を使う意義を考えてみよう。 #. mysurface 開始 i=1 GRAME flag=1 ウ. 整数 (Long) Yes 実数 (Double) 4 flag = 0 ループ 終了 No. イ. 戻り値 = “なし” エ. flag=1の間繰り返し 力. i>10 in 1 i=i+1 4 7. S Yes 戻り値= "なし" (5 ③③ No. 4 ⑤ ア 1 15 カ 工. 実数 (Double) ケ.pi 1 2 3 4 15 6 7 2 (1) 7 S 2 8 10 jus 円の半径 (4 円の面積 実数 pi ⑤5⑤ radius mysurface A (コ. 3.14 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 [10] 16 2 Ⅰ flag=1の間繰り返し 明和 オ Cells(i).Value=引数 ア戻り値="あげ カ i> 10 flag=0 91