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英語 中学生

問4の並び替えはどのように考えて解けばいいのですか?

3 次は、高校生のHayato (男性) が書いた文章です。 これを読んで, 間 1~ 問6に答えなさい。 *印の ついている語句には、本文のあとに〔注〕があります。(34点) I love bicycles. I've been using my bicycle since I was a junior high school student. One morning, however, I got scared on my way to school. A car passed me really fast. It almost touched my bicycle. There are only a few *bicycle lanes in my town, and I think some of those lanes are too narrow for a bicycle to use safely. I wanted to make our streets safer for cyclists, and then I read about "Copenhagen, Denmark in a bicycle "magazine. It's Aas one of the most *bicycle-friendly cities in the world. I learned more about the city on the Internet and thought it's really a wonderful city for cyclists. I'd like to write about it. In Denmark. 90% of the people have a bicycle, and in Copenhagen, 49% of the workers and students go to work or school by bicycle (27 % go by car, 18% by bus or train, and 6% on foot). Many streets in the city have bicycle lanes and bicycle traffic lights, and there is even a bicycle bridge named "The Bicycle "Snake." I was "envious of the cyclists in Copenhagen because the city is bicycle-friendly in every way. You can ride a bicycle at 20 km/h without B at red lights even when the traffic is busy, and you can bring your bicycle on trains and buses. In the 2019 ranking of "Bicycle-friendly Cities," Copenhagen was No. 1 and Tokyo was No. 16. ② A lot of people were using cars in Copenhagen, too, but around 1980, the city started making better roads and rules for bicycles, and the number of bicycle users started increasing. Around 2017, the number of bicycle users in Copenhagen became almost the same as the number of car users. I was also surprised to see that the number of bicycle accidents in Copenhagen was "lower than in other large cities. I think it's because the roads (cyclists for safe/follow/ and/ are cyclists the traffic rules. In many Japanese road safety classes, children are taught that roads are dangerous and sometimes shown shocking scenes of traffic accidents, and they learn that they must follow traffic rules when they ride a bicycle. But in Denmark. children play games in their classes. They can have fun when they learn traffic rules. Now there is a movement in Japan that gives children road safety classes in this way. Bicycles are cheaper than cars and healthier. They're also friendlier to the environment. The United Nations expects that about 70% of the people in the world will live in big cities by 2050. Such a large number of people will cause some problems, and more traffic is one of them. Copenhagen is a very good role model for Sustainable cities and communities" which is one of the U.N.'s "Sustainable Development Goals. I think Copenhagen's ideas to increase the number of bicycle users are wonderful because people there don't have to stop doing anything. They choose bicycles because the city is designed in a way that using a bicycle is more convenient than using a car, bus. or train. However, after the number of bicycle users increased, more parking spaces are needed there. (3 To make a bicycle-friendly city, just making more bicycle lanes isn't enough. We must think about the future of our cities. Denmark has made a lot of great plans and has more exciting plans for the future. For example, it's going to build a "bicycle" "superhighway" between cities and other areas by around 2045. I definitely want to ride a bicycle on it some day! 〔注〕 be cared おびえて こわがって bicycle lane 自転車専用の車線. レーン cyclist ...... 自転車乗りの人、サイクリスト pass…………〜を追いこす。 通り過ぎる narrow ・・・・・・幅が狭い Copenhagen コペンハーゲン (Denmark 「デンマーク」の首都) magazine 雑誌 on foot... 徒歩で bicycle-friendly... 自転車にやさしい traffic light...信号 (traffic は 「交通 (量)」)

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数学 高校生

赤線のところがわからないです。なぜこうなるんですか?

練習 @ 2 (1) (2)どちら (ANB)+) 別] 方程式を作る =n(AUB)- -169-64-105 図のように、を定めると 048-147 b+c=86 a+b+c+131=300 これらから (1) b=64 (2) a+c=105 ・U (300) A(147) a b C B (86) の結果を ←本冊300 照。 B B A 64 83 131 A 22 131 計86214 練習 デパートに来た客100人の買い物調査をしたところ, A 商品を買った人は80人, B商品 3 ある。また、両方とも買わなかった人数のとりうる最大値はで,最小値は 人は70人であった。 両方とも買った人数のとりうる最大値はで,最小値はイ 全体の集合を全体集合Uとし, A 商品, B 商品を買った人の 集合をそれぞれA, B とすると, 条件から n(U)=100,n(A)=80, n(B)=70 ( 両方とも買った人数はn (A∩B) で表され, n (A∩B) は, n(A)>n(B)であるから,ABのとき最大になる。 ゆえに n(A∩B)=n(B)=ア70 また,n (A∩B) は, AUB=Uのとき最小になる。 n(A∩B)=n(AUB)=n(U)-n(AUB) =n(U)-{n(A)+n(B)-n(A∩B)} 20 123 ③4 したがって 50$70 ≦n(A∩B)-50≦2 (A∩B) 20 練習ある高校の生徒140人を対象に、国語 ないかを調査した。 その結果, 国語が得 国語と数学がともに得意な人は18人 得意な人は101 人, 数学または英語が ない人は20人いた。 このとき、3科目 のみ得意な人は人である。 ANBI 生徒全体の集合をひとし、国語、 をそれぞれA, B, Cとすると n(U)=140, n(A)=86, n n(A∩B)=18,n(ANC)= n(BUC)=55,n (AnBr これから (AUBUC)=n(U)-r (C)=n(AUC)-n(A n(B∩C)=n(B)+n(C ここでn (AUBUC)=n(A -n(ANB)-n であるから、3科目のすべて n(A∩B)=n (AUB =120-86 また, 3科目中1科目の は、右の図の斜線部分で n(AUBUC)-n(Ar -n(ANC =120-18-15-15+ ←ADBのとき AnU(100). A(80) B(70) このとき n(A∩B)=n(A)+n(B)-n(AUB) =n(A)+n(B)−n(U) 20 (70) =80+70-100=50 次に,両方とも買わなかった人数はn (A∩B) で表され,LAUB=Uのとき TR-E-001- ・U (100) - A(80 ANB 練習 =100-80-70+n (A∩B) (50) 45 =n(A∩B)-50 B(70) したがって,n (A∩B) が最大, 最小となるのは, それぞれ n(A∩B) が最大、最小となる場合と一致する。 分母を700,分子を この集合の要素の 700=22・52・7である 5でも7でも割り切 よって最大値は 70-50=20,入る 1から699 までの整 最小値は 50-50=0 Uの部分集合のう 検討(ウ),(エ) 不等式の性質を用いて解くこともできる。 の集合をB, 7の ←数学Ⅰ 参照。

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