写真1枚目の 3 パラグラフめについてです。 棒線部のところの和訳が、 その甲虫が あわや消化されそうになった と書いてありますが、どこからあわやという表現が出たのか 、そして該当する英文中のbrush とらなんのことなんでしょうか？

英文を読み, 下記の問いに答えなさい。 For most prey, ( 14 ) is over once they've been swallowed. But one species of beetle can escape from a toad's stomach nearly two hours after being eaten, according to a new study. Found in wooded areas on nearly every continent, bombardier beetles - a group that consists of more than 500 species- get their name from their signature defense mechanism: When threatened, they shoot a hot chemical spray from their rear end. In Japan, the insects have long been known as "the farting bug." Toads have been observed vomiting bombardier beetles after eating them, but no one knew exactly why, or ( 15 ) the beetles survived after their brush with digestion. ? To better understand the beetle's defenses, two biologists from Kobe University fed a species of bombardier beetle to two different species of toad collected from forests in central Japan. One toad species shared its natural habitat with that particular species of beetle, while the other was unlikely to encounter it in the wild. (16) After the beetles were swallowed, a small explosion could be heard inside each toad, indicating that the insects were firing their defenses. Overall, 43 percent of the toads vomited the beetles, taking anywhere

最後の方に、 嚢胞繊維症の遺伝子を欠いたマウスを作った とあり、そのあと、 人間の病気を模すために とかいてありますが、 なぜ嚢胞繊維症患者のためにわざとそれを欠いたマウスを作るんですが？あまりうまく想像できません。 癌に例えるなら、悪性のがん細胞を持ってないマウスをわざと... 続きを読む

握り Evans's lab learning the techriology. // へと競う Every biologist soon wanted a favorite genpunched out, and a Chandful of companies quickly began competing with places such as the Jackson Laboratory in Bar Harbor, Maine, to provide knockout strains Have knocked out at least 11,000 genes in mice, observing what goes wrong to drug companies and academic labs. To date researches 77 生中 今日に至るきび in 70 development or adulthood and thereby gaining a sense of what the gene does/ By deactivating specific genes this way, for example, Capecchi and his colleagues went on to identify ones that shape limbs, organs, and the overall mammalian body plan/ Both Smithies and Evans /developed mice lacking the cystic fibrosis gen one of many kneekoat gene mouse 75 strains oreated to mimic a human illness/ Indeed, there is now a worldwide effort to knock out every mouse gene. 成熟期 (Science, October 12, 2007 より引用 一部改変) 筑波大) * in fact : 実は,それどころか cystic fibrosis:嚢胞性線維症 人間の病気を模すために

写真三枚目の波線部についてです。 本来与えられた正常に機能する遺伝子 とかいてありますが、本来、のニュアンスとはどこからきているんですか？

hi 56 18 Capecchi and Smithies both quickly saw that ES cells offered an opportunity to generate live animals with a desired mutation in every cell. Researchers could target genes in ES cells and then sort out the

この文について、まず冒頭部の、パンチして潰したがる、の意味がわかりません。それと74行目の（英文の）和訳が、多様な系統、となっているんですが、これは、様々な、でもいいんですか？

659 Every biologist soon wanted a favorite gene punched out, and a handful of companies quickly began competing with places such as the Jackson Laboratory in Bar Harbor, Maine, to provide knockout strains to drug companies and academic labs/To date, researchers have knocked out at least 11,000 genes in mice, observing what goes wrong in 70 development or adulthood and thereby gaining a sense of what the gene does. By deactivating specific genes this way, for example, Capecchi and his colleagues went on to identify ones that shape limbs, organs, and the overall mammalian body plan. Both Smithies and Evans developed mice lacking the cystic fibrosis gene one of many knockout mouse 75 strains created to mimic a human illness. Indeed, there is now a worldwide effort to knock out every mouse gene. (Science, October 12, 2007 より引用 一部改変) (筑波大・後期) *in fact : 実は、それどころか cystic fibrosis: 嚢胞性線維症 を作 E

写真２枚目の下線部の訳があんまり理解できません。訳は３枚目にあるんですが、まず、調べてもcopiesの意味がわからなかったです（おそらく遺伝子？）。 それと、正常に、というニュアンスはworkingから来ているんでしょうか？

55 genes in an their issues. 18 Capecchi and Smithies both quickly saw that ES cells offered an opportunity to generate live animals with a desired cell. Researchers could target genes in ES cells mutation in every and then sort out the

1枚目の訳と問いの答えって合っていますか？💦

(2)What is happening in current fashion trends? 訳:現在のファッションの流行では何が 起こっているのか? The distinction between men and women is vanishing.

1枚目の訳と、問いの答えってあっていますか？💦

(2)What is happening in current fashion trends? 訳:現在のファッションの流行では何が 起こっているのか? The distinction between men and women is vanishing.

高校2年生物基礎 遺伝子 この計算問題が解説を読んでも理解できないので詳しく教えていただきたいです！！

(4)ヒトの生殖細胞(精子や卵) には30億塩基対ある。 またこの中には20000 個の遺伝子があ り,1つの遺伝子には平均して1200個の塩基対があるとすると, ヒトのDNAにおける遺伝子 の占める割合は何%か。 ( 計算欄:

(1)の並べ替えの問題なのですが、解説が付いていなくて分かりません。どなたか教えてください。 私は2番にしたのですが、答えは1番でした

Humans have spent tens of thousands of years/developing ways to send signals of interest that are easy to interpret. Interestingly, many of the signals that are easiest to interpret are also, in some sense, the costliest to send. Biologists believe that [assist / costly signals / evolution / in the mating (1) - market/ sometimes leads to / that]. The peacock's tail serves an example. A male peacock does not get a lot of direct benefit from a huge, heavy, colorful tail that advertises his presence to enemies and makes it harder to escape from

関西学院大学の英語の問題です。 定期テストの初見問題で出た問題なのですがBの(2)の線で引いた問題(空欄補充・画像1枚目の13行目の真ん中辺りにあるgeneration (2) generationの問題です。)の答えがなぜ(エ)afterなのかが分かりません。 どなたか教... 続きを読む

次の英文を読み、 下記の設問 (A~D) に答えなさい。 In the last few decades, people all over the world have been told that humankind is on the path to equality, and that globalization and new technologies will help us get there sooner) In reality, the twenty- first century might create the most unequal societies in history. Though globalization and the Internet bridge the gap between countries, they threaten to enlarge the gap between classes, and just as humankind seems about to achieve global unification, the species itself might divide into different biological types. Inequality goes back to the Stone Age. Thirty thousand years ago, hunter-gatherer tribes buried some members in grand graves filled with thousands of ivory beads, bracelets, jewels and art objects, while other members had to (7)settle for a mere hole in the ground. ( 1), ancient hunter-gatherer tribes were still more egalitarian* than any succeeding human society, because they had very little property. Property is a condition for long-term inequality. Following the Agricultural Revolution, property multiplied, and with it inequality. As humans gained ownership of land, animals, plants and tools, hierarchical** societies emerged, in which small elites monopolized wealth and power for generation (2) generation. Hierarchy, then, came to be recognized not just as the model, but also as the ideal. How can there be order without a clear hierarchy between elites and ordinary people, between men and women, or between parents and children? Authorities all over the world patiently explained that just as in the human body not all parts are equal, so also in human society equality will bring nothing (3) disorder. In the late modern era, however, equality became an ideal in almost all human societies. It was mainly due to the Industrial Revolution, which made the masses more important than ever before. Industrial economies relied on masses of common workers, (4) industrial armies relied on masses of common soldiers. Governments invested heavily in the health, education and welfare of the masses, because they needed millions of healthy workers to operate the production lines and millions of loyal soldiers to fight in the wars. with ti own no (3) of sup horizo partic again A. Consequently, the history of the twentieth century revolved around the ( 5 ) of inequality between classes, races and genders. Though the world of the year 2000 still had its share of hierarchies, it was かなり nevertheless a much more equal place than the world of 1900. In the first years of the twenty-first century people expected that the egalitarian process would continue and even speed up. In particular, they hoped that globalization would spread economic growth throughout the world, and that as a result people in India and Egypt would come to enjoy the same opportunities and privileges as people in Finland and Canada. An entire generation grew up on this hope. Now it seems that this hope might not be fulfilled. Globalization has certainly profited large portions of humanity, but there are signs of growing inequality both between and within societies. Some groups increasingly monopolize the fruits of globalization, while billions are left behind. Already today, the richest hundred people together own more than the poorest four billion. This could get (6) worse. The rise of Al (Artificial Intelligence) might eliminate the economic value and political power of most humans. At the same time, improvements in biotechnology might make it possible to translate economic inequality into biological inequality. Soon the super rich might be able to buy life itself. If new treatments for extending life and for upgrading physical and intellectual abilities prove to be expensive, a huge biological gap might open up between the rich and the poor. By 2100, the rich might be more talented, more creative and more intelligent than the less advantaged. Once a real gap in ability opens between the rich and the poor, it will become almost impossible to close it. If the rich use their superior abilities to enrich themselves further, and if more money can buy them more efficient bodies and brains, B B V