物理の力学の問題です。 少々見づらくて申し訳ないのですが、写真の真ん中らへんにあるマーカーが引いてある場所がl(エル)^2とかかれています。なぜ二乗になるのか教えていただきたいです。 よろしくお願いします

2.3.2 質点が二つあるいは剛体の振り子 連成振り子 分子、固体物理など多様な分野へ続く重要衣念 1 ! iM IM 只 只 カ カ 図 2.6: 連成振り子。 質量、長さ/の振り子が二つ、バネ定数たのパネで連結されている。尊止位置では糸は平行な 重力方向を向き、糸およびパネの質量は無視できるとする。それぞれの振れの角を9, および9の とす ると、ラグランジアンは直ちに 7 。 ょ と=テラ ( 中 9) +mgf(wのcos) っ [ imの 一sinの)" (cos9, 一 | (254) と書け、運動方租式は 基夏mgfsinの二sin( 一5) =0 Ge59 辺秦のmg(sinの一人相sin(6 の) =ニ0 上 4 で1として のーの9) | と な に の中(ゆーの) * の、6z =ミー として 9」 = 4 cos (efの) 5の = 4 (ed+2o7すの) という 基囚振動 (normal modes) が得られる。

(1)以外が分かりません

1 次の文の( )内に適する語(句)を下から選べ。 ⑪⑬⑪ Tom ( ) playing sports matches to watching them. 侍業大) (@) preferred b. Hiked。 ac。 wanted datied (⑫) A whale is not a fish ( ) than a horse js。 人販埋山乱) a. no more b. noless c. muchmore d. anymore (3) He is not so ( ) a statesman as a politician。 (還学院大) a. much b. more c. like d. of (4) Ilike the child ( ) better for his honesty. (胃竣大) a. much b. far c. gently d.allthe 。e.asmuch (5) There may be a small charge for the library card, normally ( ) one or two dollars. 本 a. much more b. stillmore 。c.nolessthan 。d. nomorethan e. what iS more

RHEED法の原理と得られる7つの情報が、この英文に書かれているみたいなのですが、よく分かりません。 分かる方助けてください！🙇‍♂️

INTRODUCTION Reection high-energy electron diHiraction (RHEED) uses a Rnely collimated electron beam with energy of 10-100 keV. The beam irradiates a sample surface with gazing incidence to obtain forward scattered difraction patterms. RHEED enables us to analyze structures of crystal surfaces at atomic levels and also to in situ monitor growth processes of thin films (mo、1988: Ichimiya and Cohen、2004: Peng et al.. 2011). From the arrangement。intensity and profile of the dilraction spots in RHEED patterns as described below in detail、 one can obtain various kinds of information: (1) the periodicity (unit cells) in atomic arrangements. (2) flat- ness of surfaces. (3) sizes of grains/domains of surface structures and microcrystals grown on the surface. (3) epitaxial relation between the grown flms/islands with respect to the substrate. (5) parameters character- izing structural phase transitions. (6) individual atomic positions in the unit cells. and (7) growth styles of thin films and numbers of atomic layers grown. The most important advantages of the method are that it is quite easy to install the RHEED apparatus in Yarious types of vacuum chambers without interfering with other components of apparatuses and to do real- time monitoring during thin-Rlm growths. Because of these advantages.RHEED is nowwidelyusednotonlyin research Iabs of surfaces and thin fims. but also in device production processes in industry Low-energy electron diiraction (LEED、see article Low-ENNERcy ErecroN DirscmoN)。 in which an electron beam of 10-100 eV in energy is irradiated onto a sample surface with nearly normal incidence to obtain back- scattered difraction patterns. is also widely used to analyze the atomic structures of crystal surfaces. Since one has to make the sample face directly to the LEED

この英文分かる方教えてください。

Czochralski method (チョクラルスキー法) is af人st growth method and widely used for both semiconductors and oxide/fhuoride materials for opi applications. It also normally produces the most nearly perfect and homogei erystals. (略) Normally a crucible material is needed that i5 compatible wih melt (意味 : 浴融物), however, he most common crucible material used fo that is, sihica。 dissolves slowly in the melt and this raises certain process the growth of this material. Costs for Czochralski method are higher than other techniques, but it is used when the greatest perfection of grown required. (原文を一部変更しました.) P Capper. Bu Csia/ Grow7か: 4e/Dos ag/

3番がわかりません 答えと文章の中に謎にwhat is があるのですけどなんですけど むかし習った疑問詞　主語　動詞　の形にもなっていなくて 訳し方がわかりません お願いします🤲

different from what is normal or usual to select from two or more things

第二パラグラフのit'sは何を指すのですか？ おしえてください！

岳語上旨 Dalye遇時 design is the city | 従@ “4 fp, living ID .designs which ea can be | * れ(も9 of stheir age, ity。 or | is that ty is normal. used easily by anyone physical condition CS Universal design is for everyone, because we al should enjoy jiving together。 Its not diffcult to find examples of this type of design in everyday life. 中hink about 確mding machines. Until

解説お願いします🤲

EE PL LIP5トン ] 内から適切な動詞を選び, 必要ならば形を変えて下線部に入れなさい。 1. Any delay in deliverins the goods will 2. Poorhealth has US a lot of trouble. (泊基た) _him of a normal social it (W和| 3. Email 0 us to establish contact with people all over the world. (女子大) 4. The sickness him from working. か ーー Her 92 tears tO my cyeS. 6. Studies Al 0W9. that typhoons will become stronger in the ud 記 IO / bring / cause / Pen /rob/ show ] 施 1 in 15delayi[必環

英検２級です。 お願いします🙇‍♀️

ち Disposable Phones previously iwas the disposable amens、 5 bring with themi GT Vacation Now te mobile phones Meme pones ar dirady shaody eve wed by mmy People rei yore. 1 mel a dipowable mobHe phone tba cap De reo one(。 24 Jeh dsposable rend has aleo come Tie pyew In Ret tey ave rm fe common mobile phones. Why then. wouid yo 、 disposable one fyou aheady Have phone withemiosbk aie mobik phones ave dirown unidue adManteeh ne fdsme es Renormalmo5le Roos to mn be ee ine anoms。 Unlike tie normal mobic Phones this isposable PhOTS imvened by'he mn 63 as as tery et can si tp to sy Ya on rormal phones。 which need to bo chareed oery 9o CRsn_ This fare or dsposable phone allows itto be ( ) or when on vacation。 Eyen With OSt Hmme fncton people cmn wt eip witl this phone by keeping yih Their oi nemoy aupphes No more womies when you lowe it cibcr This Phone Can bought ar drug stores and conVenicnce SMOrCS for about 50 dollars。 comcermed bowt the environment Sincx ies disposable。 ome peohle who are ay uipk s emyhonmewily untiendr Howeer ti ( 26 )heme.Tie empany armade thee dkpowdbk mobie Phones ghes money back to eoPlt ho ratum (he teed phones All yo need to do is send kback or bring it to the Siore that ou bought te phone at. Thc dspossble phoncs are not only dispossble。 thoy ar Also reoclsble eename nasrornasw Mee mw mtis canmadto We mom 35 fnctions tbaryou can carry around7 Anoughttcydo 間伯 eenuatponcpefrelioucnomsLhoro 証 (2の 1 semorepnshe 2 ameecofnendy 3 haveavariety oFchoices 4 havemore fnctions (②) + 2 す半5 き weather 。 4 conwenicntforshoppim W 人2の 1 nwapouam た 2 dat 4 theonlyissue weeeewshetrs

（c）をどう訳したらよいかわかりません。 なるべく直訳でお願いします🤲 while が気になります

people lead more normal Hives. Handicapped people often have trouble ( 2 ) about both inside 北 and outside their homes. 。While most cars can be adapted for use py 浴 ーーーー ーー ーー -2GaDted tor use by partially-disabled drivers, automatic transmissions are easier for them

何を入れたらいいか 全くわかりません。 教えてください🙇‍♂️ お願いします🤲 コツとかありますかね？

Many disabled people need help to ovVercome px RC that | face in everyday Iife. One of uthese iS difficulty with reaching up high. Some manage with jittle problem.【 1 ) need help. SS many mechanical and clectronic aids are being used to help disabled people s overcome their handicaps. Very small computers called microcomputers have been used for many years to control machinery in factories Machines using this technology are now being made to help disabled people lead more normal lives. Handicapped people often have trouble ( 2 ) about, both inside 10 and outside their homes. While most cars can be adapted for use by pariialjy-disabled drivers, automatic transmissions are easier for them to drive. Wheelchairs have made it relatively easy for many disabled people fo rravel short distances, but the more severely handicapped may need a special wheelchair that is power assisted. (mLacking the strength 5 to operafe a normal wheelchair they use special ones that can be operated py a single lever controlled by a finger the movement of atoe, or even by preafh. Powered wheelchairs can sometimes be folded up and carried im Yehicles, but they are larger than hand-operated (Ones. So, some vehicles have been especially fied with lifs that ( 3 ) roll directly inside while st in (heir wheelchairs. (207 語)