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6限目
150点
TR/35-40
次の英文を読み, 問いに答えなさい。 ( 50点)
Most people in the United States don't realize that they've been eating *genetically
engineered foods since the mid-1990s. More than 60% of all processed foods on U.S.
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supermarket shelves
- including pizza, chips, cookies, ice cream, salad dressing,
contain ingredients from engineered soybeans or
corn syrup, and baking powder -
5
corn.
Genetic change or modification is not a recent thing. Humans have been (5a)altering
the genetic structure of plants for a few thousand years, keeping seeds from the best
crops and planting them in following years, *crossbreeding varieties to make them
taste sweeter, grow bigger, and (5b)last longer. (1)In this way we've transformed the
10 wild tomato from a fruit the size of a grape to today's giant, juicy tomatoes.
But (2)the technique of genetic engineering is new, and quite different from
conventional breeding. Traditional breeders mix together related organisms whose
genetic structures are similar. In so doing, they transfer a great number of genes. By
contrast, today's genetic engineers can transfer just a few genes at one time between
15 species that are distantly related or not related at all.
Genetic engineers can pull a desired gene from almost any living organism and
insert it into almost any other organism. They can put a rat gene into lettuce to make
a plant that produces vitamin C or blend genes from an insect into apple plants,
The purpose
offering protection from various diseases that damage apples and pears.
20 is the same: (3) to insert a gene or genes from one organism carrying a desired
characteristic into another organism which does not have that characteristic.
between
The engineered organisms that scientists produce by transferring genes
species are called transgenic organisms. Several dozen transgenic food crops are
(5e)currently on the market, including varieties of corn, pumpkin, soybeans, and
25 cotton. Most of these crops are engineered to help farmers deal with age-old
agricultural problems: weeds, insects, and disease.
(4) many scientists see great potential in the products of this new
Autopotah pred sage
biotechnology, some scientists see uncertainty and even danger. Critics fear that
genetically engineered products are being rushed to market before their effects are
▶ NOTES
genetically engineered food: 遺伝子組み換え食品 crossbreed: 異種交配させる
28
30 fully unde
engineere
from (5d)
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