5 <seem / appear + to have 過去分詞>
◆ 不定詞 〈to + 動詞の原形〉 が示す時が文の動詞Vと同じ時制を表すのに対して,完了形の不定
詞 〈to have 過去分詞〉 は,文の動詞Vが示す時よりも1つ前の動作・状態を表します。
【より古い過去】 【過去】
【現在】
①He seems to be sick.
【病気】
It seems that he is sick. (同一時制)
② He seems to have been sick.
It seems that he was sick. (時制のズレ)
He seemed to be sick.
【病気】
【病気】
It seemed that he was sick. (同一時制)
4 He seemed to have been sick.
(4)
【病気】
It seemed that he had been sick. (時制のズレ)