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第4問 次の問い (A.B)に答えよ。 (配点 40)
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Art may reflect the ways people lived. \Researchers have discussed how
One study was conducted to
art portrays clothing and social settings.
determine if this idea could be extended to paintings featuring family meals.
The results of this study might help illustrate why certain kinds of foods were
painted.
(The researchers examined 140 paintings of family meals painted from the
years 1500 to 2000. These came from five countries: the United States, France,
Germany, Italy, and the Netherlands. The researchers examined each painting
for the presence of 91 foods, with absence coded as 0 and presence coded as
1.
For example, when one or more onions appeared in a painting, the
researchers coded it as 1.
Then they calculated the percentage of the
paintings from these countries that included each food.
Table 1 shows the percentage of paintings with selected foods.
The
researchers discussed several findings. First, some paintings from these
countries included foods the researchers had expected. Shellfish were most
common in the Netherlands' (Dutch) paintings, which was anticipated as
nearly half of its border touches the sea.
Sécopd, some paintings did not
include foods the researchers had expected. Shellfish and fish each appeared
in less than 12% of the paintings from the United States, France, and Italy
although large portions of these countries border oceans or seas. Chicken, a
common food, seldom appeared in the paintings. Thipd, some paintings
included foods the researchers had not expected. For example, among German
paintings, 20% of them included shellfish although only 6% of the country
touches the sea.
Also, lemons were most common in paintings from the
Netherlands, even though they do not grow there naturally.
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