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TOEIC・英語 大学生・専門学校生・社会人

下線部(1)の文構造が分かりません。特に2行目の文構造が分かりません。強調のdoであることは分かりますが、その後のthat以降が関係詞?かすらも分からないので、誰か教えて下さい!

次の英文は1991年に出版された本からのもので、 研究分野としての「人工知 能」 (Artificial Intelligence) について述べています。 下線部(1)~(3)を日本語に訳 しなさい。 What is Artificial Intelligence (AI)? Just about the only characterization of Al that would meet with universal acceptance is that it involves trying to make machines do tasks which are normally seen as requiring intelligence. There are countless refinements of this characterization: what sort of machines we want to consider; how we decide what tasks require intelligence and so on. One of the most important questions concerns the reasons why we want to make machines do such tasks. AI has always been split between people who want to make machines do tasks that require intelligence because they want more useful machines, and people who want to do it because they see it as a way of exploring how humans do such tasks. We will call the two approaches the engineering approach and the cognitive-science respectively. (2) (1) approach The techniques required for the two approaches are not always very different. For many of the tasks that engineering AI wants solutions to, the only systems we know about that can perform them are humans), so that, at least initially, the obvious way to design solutions is to try to mimic what we know about humans. For many of the tasks that cognitive-science Al wants solutions to, the evidence on how humans do them is too hard to interpret to enable us to construct computational models, so the only approach is to try to design solutions from scratch" and then see how well they fit what we know about humans. The main visible difference between the two approaches is in (3) their criteria for success; an engineer would be delighted to have create something that outperformed a person; a cognitive scientist would regard it as a failure. -1- M7 (492-61

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英語 中学生

3.4枚目が問題文、5枚目が答え、1.2枚目は問題を解くときに必要な文です。 なぜこの答えになるのかがわからないので教えてください。 解くのは大変だと思うので、一問だけでも大丈夫です。

2 次は, 高校1年生の Yusuke が書いた英文です。 これを読んで、 問1~間6に答えなさい。*印 のついている語句には、本文のあとに 〔注〕があります。(34点) My father loves *dinosaurs and *fossils. He (he/them/in/collects/is/that/interested /so) dinosaur toys, small fossils and books about dinosaurs. I heard he tried to find fossils along the river with my grandparents when he was young. When I was younger, my family took me to the science museum every year. My father loved looking at the dinosaur fossils there, and he always explained them to me. So, I got interested in dinosaurs and fossils, too. My father has a restaurant near our house, and he displays some dinosaur teeth fossils in the restaurant. One day, he introduced one of his customers to me. The man, Mr. Shirai, also loved dinosaurs and fossils, and often visited museums all around the world, such as in America, Canada and China. He realized that my father was interested in the same things because of the fossils in the restaurant. They became good friends. One day in September, Mr. Shirai came to my father's restaurant and showed me a fossil. It was a beautiful fish fossil in a brown stone plate. I was surprised to see it, Mr. Shirai A me a lot about the fossil. He traveled to Germany to look for fossils, and he found many fossils there such as fish, animal bones and leaves. The area is very famous for "archaeopteryx fossils. I once saw a picture of the archaeopteryx fossil in a book, so I wanted to go to see the fossil in -4-

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化学 高校生

ウの答えはメタンなんですけどなんでメタンとわかるんですか?

の 8. 分子の極性と分子結晶 -43- 記入せよ。 ごきているが,共有電子 ■き寄せられているため この電荷を帯び、結合に 分子という。 [標準問題〕 70.(水素結合)右の図は14族から17族の元素の水素化合温度 (°C)エイト 原子分子であっても、水 り 二酸化炭素分子は 物の沸点を示したグラフである。これを参照して 文中の( )に適切な語句・数値を記入せよ。 グラフの中で,最も沸点が低い物質は( 第 (子化) 周期元素の水素化合物である 次の 150- H₂O ■14族 100- )族, 15族 よ)50- ----16族 選べ 比較的多いが、固体の ( を生じるからである。 )( であり、(ア)族の水素化合物は周期が増すにしたがって 沸点が( くなっている。 一般に構造の似た分子 では,分子の質量が(な)くなるほど分子間には たらく力が(カ くなるので,沸点が(エ)くな ることが知られている。 ところが、(ア)族以外のグラ フを見ると,第3周期以降では沸点が次第に高くなっ ているものの、第2周期元素の水素化合物はいずれも 分子の質量が小さいにもかかわらず沸点が異常に高い 値を示している。 これは水素と結合している(キ 原子の X ロー 17族 0 -50- とれ -100 -150- -200 J), 34 5 周期 )が大きく,分子間に(* )結合 れて容易に液体, 71.(水素結合)次の文中の( )に,下記の語群から適当なものを選び記入せよ。 ・中の窒素原子や酸素原子やフッ素原子の部分と

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