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次の共文を読んで, 下の問いに日本語で答えなさい。
Jreams can be familiar and strange, fantastical or boring. No one knows for certain why people
eam bt some dreams might be connected to the mental processes that help ns leari トー
atudy seientists found a connection betveen nap-time drea md better memory in people
jearming a new Skill で
56 Perhaps one way to leam something new is to practice, practice practico 一 and then sleep Q
j (Wamming: This research still doesmt provide an excuse for falling asleep during class.)
<T ras starUed by this Rnding" Robert Stickgold told Scieuce eos He is a cognitive neuroScient
時 Earvard Medical School who worked on the study Neuroscience is the study of how the nn
jous Systen work。 and GOgnitive studies look at how Deople learm andl reason. So-a_cogNiHe
/9 neuroseien study the brain processes that help Deople leamW
the study-69 colege 6 between the ages Of 18 and 30/each spent an hour on a computem
iryig 6O get through a yirt > The maze was dificul and the study Darticipants had to start
明different place each time they tried 一 making itleven ore difficult They were alsG told_to finda
particular picbure of a tree and remember where i WS.
for the 6rst 90 minutes of a ftve.hour break。 haif of the participants stayed awake and half were 19
Oake ashort nap. Participants who stayed awakc、wrere askedbto describe their though
Participants who took a nap were asked about their dreanNs・
Siekeold and his colleagues wanted to know about NREM, or non-REM sleep。 RPM stands fi
pi eye movement” witch is what happens during REM sleep. This period of sleep often br
明range dreams to a sleepe although deams can heppen in both modes of sleep SHickgold wanted
jow what people were dreaming about when their eyes werent moving, during NREM sleep、
er studies seientists had found a connection beveen NREM brain activity and leamtng abihty還
rats and in people.
OurlOEithe 50 people who slept said ther dreams were connected to the mmaze. Some dream
92D6nt the musie that had been playing when they were workingi others said they dreamed abc
seeing people in the maze. When these four people tried the computer maze again, they were able 恩
fid the tree faster than before their naps.
SGCkoMi snggests the drean itself doeavt help a person leam 一 iPs the otier yav around- 3
6883 ha 1h6 dal was causedl by the braint processes associated] with_learning
96 JA four of the people who dreamed about the task had done DooHy the frst tme, which
Stickgold wonder 下 the NREM dreams ShoW up When a person fnds a new task particularly diffio
ple who had other dreams, or people who didmt take a naD, didnt show the same improvement.
(Adapted from Stephen Omes, "Dreaming Makes Perlect"in Sciuce Aeus.pr fy May 12.201
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