第2パラグラフめの、和訳で言う、医薬品認可機関のところらへんについて質問です 。ここの英文を見ると as drug approval~ のas って何用法なんでしょうか？

テーマ 専門性★★★ *. 24 ヘルシンキ宣言 英文 ①②つなぎ方 demands that the physician use every means possible to cure the 1 The ultimate ethical standard among the medical profession - but does this apply in a clinical trial, which is patient's illness understood to be experimental, not treatment? In a clinical trial, tension exists at the beginning between gaining knowledge that can be used in the longer term to benefit the public health, and the basic right of the patient to receive treatment. 112 For the scientific profession, the ultimate standard is to produce results that withstand scrutiny. For physicians and researchers, the 'gold 10 standard' in testing new drugs is a placebo-controlled study* in which some of the patients receive no treatment at all. These standards present an ethical dilemma as drug-approval agencies tend to lean toward the need for clear scientific data, which is best gained when a drug is tested against a control, or placebo. Furthermore, it becomes harder to 15 convince patients in First World countries to participate in drug trials when there may be a 30-50% chance of receiving only a sugar pill instead of a helpful medicine. 13 As

２パラグラフ目の和訳の、 可能性が30~50％あるかもしれないというので の、ので、が英文中のどこからきたのかわかりません、、訳していく中で自然とそうなるんですかね？

テーマ 専門性★☆★ 英文レベル★★★☆ 24 ヘルシンキ宣言 英文 ①② つなぎ方 11 The ultimate ethical standard among the medical profession demands that the physician use every means possible to cure the patient's illness-but does this apply in a clinical trial, which is understood to be experimental, not treatment? In a clinical trial, tension 5 exists at the beginning between gaining knowledge that can be used in the longer term to benefit the public health, and the basic right of the patient to receive treatment. 12 For the scientific profession, the últimate standard is to produce results that withstand scrutiny. For physicians and researchers, the 'gold 10 standard' in testing new drugs is a placebo-controlled study* in which some of the patients receive no treatment at all. These standards present an ethical dilemma as drug-approval agencies tend to lean toward the Kneed for clear scientific data, which is best gained when a drug is tested against a control, or placebo. Furthermore, it becomes harder to 15 convince patients in First World countries to participate in drug trials when there may be a 30-50% chance of receiving only a sugar pill instead of a helpful medicine.

よく見かけるのはinteresting inですがinteresting forという表現もよく使われるのでしょうか？教えて頂きたいです。

because their biome is expand small and reproduce rapidly. These species living on and beside us are also interesting for another very important reason: their Presence and absent A may

写真 2枚目の３パラグラフ目の棒線部についてです。 和訳と照らし合わせたところ、 吐く　 というのが cought upの意味だと思い、調べてみましたが、出ませんでした 。そのような意味はcought upにあるんでしょうか？

erlode aids (0 英文を読み、下記の問いに答えなさい。 For most prey, ( 14 ) is over once they've been swallowed. But one species of beetle can escape from a toad's stomach nearly two hours after being eaten, according to a new study. Found in wooded areas on nearly every continent, bombardier beetles - a group that consists of more than 500 species - get their name from their signature defense mechanism: When threatened, they shoot a hot chemical spray from their rear end. In Japan, the insects have long been known as "the farting bug." Toads have been observed vomiting bombardier beetles after eating them, but no one knew exactly why, or ( 15 ) the beetles survived after their brush with digestion. あわや? bine To better understand the beetle's defenses, two biologists from Kobe University fed a species of bombardier beetle to two different species of toad collected from forests in central Japan. One toad species shared its natural habitat with that particular species of beetle, while the other was unlikely to encounter it in the wild. (16) After the beetles were swallowed, a small explosion could be heard inside each toad, indicating that the insects were firing their defenses. Overall, 43 percent of the toads vomited the beetles, taking anywhere

9行目のitが何を指しているかということと、have been thinkingが完了進行形の受動態として使われているのか、be動詞の完了形でthinkingが名詞として使われているのかわからないので教えて頂きたいです。 よろしくお願いします。

10 5 おかれる a 不気味 71 1/In a disgusting series of experiments in the early 1960s, a surgeon in America cut open the heads of monkeys and removed their brains. サ ◎Then he placed each brain on an apparatus specially designed to V3 C 機能する supply it with nutrients that would keep it alive] It seemed to work. (1) VS 0 C Brain waves were produced as they would be from a living brain 文理由 (付帯も precace 「被っているので省略さ ことが多 lasは前のもので内容が However deprived of any kind of sensory input no sights nor sounds, つまり no tastes nor smells, no touching nor feeling, no pleasure nor pain its thinking must/necessarily have been limited to memories and したにちがいない abstractions. Indeed, it may not have been thinking at all. <In most してないかもしれない animals, partial sensory deprivation can lead to hallucinations*, and ☆文を切りはす 狂気 extreme deprivation to madness, the “thoughts” of the monkey's brain can Fed lead to よくこびmay not have been meaningful or clear thoughts, but nerve cells firing randomly. M XC 1つの出来事 動名

4行目の a findingは文として成立していないのですがthe paperの同格として使われているということでしょうか？教えて頂きたいです。

balanced curriculum. (1) Researchers, in the paper on music and spatial task performance, reported that listening to as little as ten minutes of Mozart's music produced an elevation in brain power lasting ten to fifteen minutes, a finding that triggered much of the current interest in the positive effect of music on learning.

本文下から2行目のone part～のところなのですがstoryは複数形にしなくて良いのでしょうか？one of the 複数名詞の形があるのでその考え方で複数形にしなくてはならないのではないかと思いました。

C それほどに 目立った 救う 負わる せつやく! them We humans are nothing if not talkative. Indeed, it's one of our most salient characteristics as a species. But exactly how we came to be ® うちとけるより少なくこ より少なくこそれほどいてない 「 xbecond do so chatty is less obvious. Despite decades of research into the subject, anthropologists* are still struggling to reconstruct the chain of events 再構成・ V³ that produced our unique oral capabilities. Now the results of a new study suggest that one part of the story they thought they had nailed* in fact needs revision. √3 *anthropologist 人類学者 *nail 特定する Swincy Ithat Part of ば 羊のみてとか 使えない V3 that 今回目的格なので 固定す 入っていてもOK.

この文の下から8行目のstream jumping とはどういう訳し方が正解ですか？

B You are reading the following article as you are interested in studying overseas. Summer in Britain Chiaki Suzuki November 2022 This year, I spent two weeks studying English. I chose to stay in a beautiful city, called Punton, and had a wonderful time there. There were many things to do, which was exciting. I was never bored. It can get expensive, but I liked getting student discounts when I showed my student card. Also, I liked window-shopping and using the local library I ate a variety of food from around the world, too, as there were many people from different cultural backgrounds living there. Most of the friends I made were from my English school, so I did not practice speaking English with the locals as much as I had expected. On the other hand, I came to have friends from many different countries/ Lastly, I took public transport/which I found convenient and easy to use as it came frequently. If I had stayed in the countryside, however, I would have seen a different side of life in Britain. My friend who stayed there had a lovely,/relaxing experience. She said farmers sell their produce directly. Also, there are local theatres bands, art and craft shows restaurants, and some unusual activities like stream-jumping. However, getting around is not as easy, so it's harder to keep busy. You need to walk some distance to catch buses or trains, which do not come as often. In fact, she had to keep a copy of the timetables. If I had been in the countryside, I probably would have walked around and chatted with the local people. I had a rich cultural experience and I want to go back to Britain. However, next time I want to connect more with British people and eat more traditional British food. Day 08 2023年度: 共通テスト追試験 第2問B 115

3行目のon objectがどう言った意味で使われているのか分からないのと、次の文のToがどう言った意味を持っているのか教えて頂きたいです。

細かい部分 11 Another invention dates back to older days. The physicist C. V. Boys had a gift for creating tools for his experiments. In 1887, he wanted to create a very fine piece of glass to measure the effects of delicate physical forces on objects. He built a special crossbow and created small arrows called bolts with it. To one bolt he attached heated glass, and he fired the bolt. As the bolt flew toward its target, it pulled a tail of fiber from the glass. In one of his shots, ホル Boys produced a long, thin piece of glass that stretched almost 90 feet. don@

写真１枚目の英文の説明（写真３枚目）について。 要はこの説明、キメラ同士掛け合わせてできた子供（ES細胞由来の遺伝子ある）をまたさらにかけ合わせればもうそれは純粋なES細胞由来の生物が生まれるってことですか？前後の文も要望あれば記載させていただきます。

Lcells, she says. 17 A few years later Evans and his colleagues showed that they could produce live mice by injecting cultured ES cells into a developing 50 embryo. The result is a chimera, an animal whose tissues are a mix of T the ES cells and those from the host embryo. In many of those chimeras, the added ES cells by chance produce the animal's sperm or eggs, and when these chimeras mate, some of their offspring carry the stem cells' genes in all their tissues.