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1. Introduction: Understanding Globalization
① If we could step into a time machine, travel back about 100 years, and walk down the streets of
通知きづく
most cities or towns in the world, what do you think is the first thing we would notice? Would it be
あるいは
the different clothes or old-style buildings? Would it be the old-fashioned language? Perhaps neither
馬
その代わりとして
たぶん
of these. Instead, the first thing we would notice is probably the strong Smell of horse
manueland
Topic sentence
ス
the sound of horseshoes hitting the stone road surface: clop, clop, clop...
そのころ
専門的職業
輸送
②Back in those days when our main form of transportation was horses, a very important profession
主要な輸送手段
鍛冶屋(ていてつ)
足、ひづめ(原 hoof
移動させる
was the blacksmith the person who made horseshoes and nailed them onto the horses" hooves. Then
徐々に、しだいに取って代わる
個人の
in the early 20th century, the car gradually replaced the horse as the main form of personal trans
本質の
10 During this changeover, the blacksmith, who played an essential role in daily life even more
見えなくなる
important than an auto mechanic does today disappeared. This example of change shows how new
科学技術
機械工
演劇の結果
technology can have a dramatic effect on people's lives and jobs.
~に劇的な影響を及ぼす、~を激変させる
Topic sentence.
発生
③ The world has seen even more dramatic changes. One of these occurred in the 15th century with
発明
印刷機
生産
the invention of the printing press. This machine, which may now seem like very old technology,
自動化する
15
automated the production of books and newspapers. Instead of having to be written by hand,
進行過程
information on paper could be printed by a machine. This process saved a lot of time and allowed,
原料
ある結果につながる増す 識字能 勇気づける
printed material to be mass-produced. This change led to a great increase in literacy, and encouraged 促
広げる
印刷物の大量生産を可能にした
地球
手助けする
the spread of knowledge and information around the globe, thus aiding the advance of the
文芸復興
科学の 革命
完成
(市場、企業などの)
Renaissaneeand the Scientific Revolution. In doing so, it was also one of the first steps in globalization?
明確な
政治の
20
へり、端
which can be defined as the integration of economic, cultural, political, or social systems across
ドイツの発明家
borders of course, when Gutenberg invented the printing press he could not have imagined that his
spf
日本の演劇の結果、結末
new machine would have such dramatic results.
Topio sentence.
運命
④ Currently, we have the good fortune to be living in the middle of another great change. Once
幸運にも~する
引金
again, as in Gutenberg's time, today's change is being triggered by improvements in technology and
改良、向上、科学技術、工業

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