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語数: 398 語
出題校 法政大
5
We are already aware that our every move online is tracked and analyzed. But you 2-53
couldn't have known how much Facebook can learn about you from the smallest of
social interactions - a 'like'*.
(1)
Researchers from the University of Cambridge designed (2) a simple machine-learning 2-54
system to predict Facebook users' personal information based solely on which pages they
had liked.
E
"We were completely surprised by the accuracy of the predictions," says Michael 2-55
Kosinski, lead researcher of the project. Kosinski and colleagues built the system by
scanning likes for a sample of 58,000 volunteers, and matching them up with other
10 profile details such as age, gender, and relationship status. They also matched up those
likes with the results of personality and intelligence tests the volunteers had taken. The
team then used their model to make predictions about other volunteers, based solely on
their likes.
The system can distinguish between the profiles of black and white Facebook users,
15 getting it right 95 percent of the time. It was also 90 percent accurate in separating
males and females, Democrats and Republicans. Personality traits like openness and
intelligence were also estimated based on likes, and were as accurate in some areas as a
standard personality test designed for the task. Mixing what a user likes with many kinds
of other data from their real-life activities could improve these predictions even more.
20 Voting records, utility bills and marriage records are already being added to Facebook's
database, where they are easier to analyze. Facebook recently partnered with offline data
companies, which all collect this kind of information. This move will allow even
deeper insights into the behavior of the web users.
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(3) -
Sarah Downey, a lawyer and analyst with a privacy technology company, foresees
insurers using the information gained by Facebook to help them identify risky customers,
and perhaps charge them with higher fees. But there are potential benefits for users, too.
Kosinski suggests that Facebook could end up as an online locker for your personal
information, releasing your profiles at your command to help you with career planning.
Downey says the research is the first solid example of the kinds of insights that can
be made through Facebook. "This study is a great example of how the little things you
do online show so much about you,” she says. "You might not remember liking things,
"
but Facebook remembers and (4) it all adds up.",
* a 'like': フェイスブック上で個人の好みを表示する機能。 日本語版のフェイスブックでは「いいね!」 と表記される。
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1 下線部 (1) の意味に最も近いものを1つ選びなさい。
C①: Communicating with other people in insignificant ways
2
expressing little ambition for social achievement
③ having only a small hope for your success in society
①making an unimportant deal in your daily life
2 下線部(2)の構築に利用した情報やデータを3つ、 日本語で箇条書きにしなさい。
(大)
3 Kosinski ら研究者が集めたデータをもとに、ユーザーについて 「予想できるものとして文中に挙げられて
いないもの」 を1つ選びなさい。
(大)
1
age or
②gender ③ personality ①race
4
下線部(3) This move の内容を明らかにして日本語にしなさい。
3
DiD LE
5
下線部 (4) の意味に最も近いものを1つ選びなさい。
1
Your information disappears before long.
2
Your information declines in the long run.
(3
Your database vanishes after all.
④
Your data accumulates in the end.
6
本文の内容に一致するものを1つ選びなさい。
(法大)
Researchers from the University of Cambridge created a model which can predict
personal details of Facebook users through their preferences.
2 The volunteers disclosed their personal information and matched up their own
profile with those of others.
3 Some private companies foresee potential risks for their business due to the cost of
the computer learning system.
①The newly developed computer program will play a significant role in the future in
protecting personal information.

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