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理科 中学生

滑車の問題です。(3)と(4)がわかりません (3)ア (4) カです 解き方を教えてください🙇‍♀️

4 おもりを持ち上げたときの滑車のはたらきについて調べるため,次の〔実験」 ただし, ばねばかり 滑車及び糸の質量は無視できるものとし、滑車に摩擦力ははたらかないものとする。 〔実験1] ① 図1のように,スタンドに定規を固定し, ばねばかりに糸のついたおもりを取り付けた。 ②糸にたるみがなく, ばねばかりの示す力の大きさがONとなる位置から, ゆっくりと一定の速さ でばねばかりを 24.0cm真上に引いた。 このとき, ばねばかりを引いた距離とばねばかりの示すカ の大きさとの関係を調べた。 図2は, 〔実験1] の②の結果について, 横軸にばねばかりを引いた距離〔cm〕 を, 縦軸にばねばかりの示す力 の大きさ 〔N〕をとり、 その関係をグラフに表したものである。 図1 図2 15.0 ばねばかり 定規 の 10.0 力の大きさ N 5.0 〔N〕 () スタンド おもりおもりの 0 14.0 8.0 12.0 16.0% 20.0 24.0 高さ 床 ばねばかりを引いた距離[cm] 〔実験2] ① スタンド, 定規, 動滑車, 定滑車, 糸, ばねば かりと 〔実験1〕で用いたおもりを用いて, 図3 のような装置をつくった。 図3 スタンド 定規 ② 糸にたるみがなく, ばねばかりの示す力の大 きさが ON となる位置から, ゆっくりと一定の 速さでばねばかりを24.0cm 水平に引いた。 こ のとき, ばねばかりを引いた距離とばねばかり の示す力の大きさとの関係を調べた。 〔実験 3〕 ① 図4のように,2つの動滑車を棒で固定し, 棒にフックを取り付けた。 なお, 棒とフックの 質量は無視できるものとする。 ② スタンド,定規, 定滑車, 糸, ばねばかり 図4 動滑車 〔実験1] で用いたおもりを用いて 図5のような装置をつくった。 ③ 糸にたるみがなく, ばねばかりの示す力の大 きさがON となる位置から, ゆっくりと一定の 速さでばねばかりを24.0cm水平に引いた。 こ のとき, ばねばかりを引いた距離と床からのお もりの高さとの関係を調べた。 なお、2つの動滑車を固定した棒は常に水平 を保ちながら動くものとする。 ばねばかり 定滑車 糸 動滑車 おもり 床 図 4 動滑車 フック 図5 スタンド 定規 |定規 ばねばかり 定滑車 糸 動滑車 おもりの おもり 高さ

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英語 中学生

問4の並び替えはどのように考えて解けばいいのですか?

3 次は、高校生のHayato (男性) が書いた文章です。 これを読んで, 間 1~ 問6に答えなさい。 *印の ついている語句には、本文のあとに〔注〕があります。(34点) I love bicycles. I've been using my bicycle since I was a junior high school student. One morning, however, I got scared on my way to school. A car passed me really fast. It almost touched my bicycle. There are only a few *bicycle lanes in my town, and I think some of those lanes are too narrow for a bicycle to use safely. I wanted to make our streets safer for cyclists, and then I read about "Copenhagen, Denmark in a bicycle "magazine. It's Aas one of the most *bicycle-friendly cities in the world. I learned more about the city on the Internet and thought it's really a wonderful city for cyclists. I'd like to write about it. In Denmark. 90% of the people have a bicycle, and in Copenhagen, 49% of the workers and students go to work or school by bicycle (27 % go by car, 18% by bus or train, and 6% on foot). Many streets in the city have bicycle lanes and bicycle traffic lights, and there is even a bicycle bridge named "The Bicycle "Snake." I was "envious of the cyclists in Copenhagen because the city is bicycle-friendly in every way. You can ride a bicycle at 20 km/h without B at red lights even when the traffic is busy, and you can bring your bicycle on trains and buses. In the 2019 ranking of "Bicycle-friendly Cities," Copenhagen was No. 1 and Tokyo was No. 16. ② A lot of people were using cars in Copenhagen, too, but around 1980, the city started making better roads and rules for bicycles, and the number of bicycle users started increasing. Around 2017, the number of bicycle users in Copenhagen became almost the same as the number of car users. I was also surprised to see that the number of bicycle accidents in Copenhagen was "lower than in other large cities. I think it's because the roads (cyclists for safe/follow/ and/ are cyclists the traffic rules. In many Japanese road safety classes, children are taught that roads are dangerous and sometimes shown shocking scenes of traffic accidents, and they learn that they must follow traffic rules when they ride a bicycle. But in Denmark. children play games in their classes. They can have fun when they learn traffic rules. Now there is a movement in Japan that gives children road safety classes in this way. Bicycles are cheaper than cars and healthier. They're also friendlier to the environment. The United Nations expects that about 70% of the people in the world will live in big cities by 2050. Such a large number of people will cause some problems, and more traffic is one of them. Copenhagen is a very good role model for Sustainable cities and communities" which is one of the U.N.'s "Sustainable Development Goals. I think Copenhagen's ideas to increase the number of bicycle users are wonderful because people there don't have to stop doing anything. They choose bicycles because the city is designed in a way that using a bicycle is more convenient than using a car, bus. or train. However, after the number of bicycle users increased, more parking spaces are needed there. (3 To make a bicycle-friendly city, just making more bicycle lanes isn't enough. We must think about the future of our cities. Denmark has made a lot of great plans and has more exciting plans for the future. For example, it's going to build a "bicycle" "superhighway" between cities and other areas by around 2045. I definitely want to ride a bicycle on it some day! 〔注〕 be cared おびえて こわがって bicycle lane 自転車専用の車線. レーン cyclist ...... 自転車乗りの人、サイクリスト pass…………〜を追いこす。 通り過ぎる narrow ・・・・・・幅が狭い Copenhagen コペンハーゲン (Denmark 「デンマーク」の首都) magazine 雑誌 on foot... 徒歩で bicycle-friendly... 自転車にやさしい traffic light...信号 (traffic は 「交通 (量)」)

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