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化学 高校生

酸化剤、還元剤の反応は暗記ですか?

解説 (1) 入試攻略 次の化学反応式を記せ。 (1) 銀に希硝酸を加える。 (2) ヨウ化カリウム水溶液に過酸化水素水を加える。 (3) 硫化水素の水溶液に二酸化硫黄を通じる 答え への (2) 必須問題 (還元剤: Ag→ +) 酸化剤:NO +3e_ Ag+ + e) x3 + 4H → NO + 2H2O 3Ag + NO + 4H+ → 3Ag + NO + 2H2O HはHNO3 の電離によるものなので,両辺に3つNO" を加えて, HT, NO3をHNO, Ag, NO AgNOとします。 3Ag + NO3 + 4H+ + 3NO₂- 4HNO3 3Ag + 3NO + NO + 2H2O 3AgNO 還元剤: 21 → I + 20 +) 酸化剤: H2O2 + 2e + 2H+2H2O 21 + H2O2 + 2H → I2 + 2H2O I は KI, H+ は H2Oの電離によるものなので,両辺に2つのK*と2つの OHを加えて, K, I を KI, H, OH を H2O とします。 2K+ +2I + H2O2 + 2H+ + 2OH → I2 + 2H2O + 2K + 2OHT 2KI 2H2O H2Oが両辺に存在するので, これを消去し,残った K*, OH KOH します。 2KI + H2O2 + 2H2O → I2] + 2H2O + 2K+ + 2OHT 2KOH (3) (還元剤: H2S S + 2H+ + 2e" ) ×2 +) 酸化剤: SO2 + 4e + 4H → S + 2H2O 2H2S + SO2 + 4H+ 3S + 4H + 2H2O 両辺に存在する H+ を消去します。 入試突破 TIPS!! のための (1) 3Ag + 4HNO 3 3AgNO3 + NO + 2H2O (2) 2KI + H2O2 → I2 + 2KOH (3) 2H2S + SO2 3S + 2H2O 酸化剤と還元剤の半反応式を書き, 電子eの係 数が同じになるようにそれぞれ何倍かずつして足し合わ 49 酸化還元反応と物質量の計算 161

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化学 高校生

RHEED法の原理と得られる7つの情報が、この英文に書かれているみたいなのですが、よく分かりません。 分かる方助けてください!🙇‍♂️

INTRODUCTION Reection high-energy electron diHiraction (RHEED) uses a Rnely collimated electron beam with energy of 10-100 keV. The beam irradiates a sample surface with gazing incidence to obtain forward scattered difraction patterms. RHEED enables us to analyze structures of crystal surfaces at atomic levels and also to in situ monitor growth processes of thin films (mo、1988: Ichimiya and Cohen、2004: Peng et al.. 2011). From the arrangement。intensity and profile of the dilraction spots in RHEED patterns as described below in detail、 one can obtain various kinds of information: (1) the periodicity (unit cells) in atomic arrangements. (2) flat- ness of surfaces. (3) sizes of grains/domains of surface structures and microcrystals grown on the surface. (3) epitaxial relation between the grown flms/islands with respect to the substrate. (5) parameters character- izing structural phase transitions. (6) individual atomic positions in the unit cells. and (7) growth styles of thin films and numbers of atomic layers grown. The most important advantages of the method are that it is quite easy to install the RHEED apparatus in Yarious types of vacuum chambers without interfering with other components of apparatuses and to do real- time monitoring during thin-Rlm growths. Because of these advantages.RHEED is nowwidelyusednotonlyin research Iabs of surfaces and thin fims. but also in device production processes in industry Low-energy electron diiraction (LEED、see article Low-ENNERcy ErecroN DirscmoN)。 in which an electron beam of 10-100 eV in energy is irradiated onto a sample surface with nearly normal incidence to obtain back- scattered difraction patterns. is also widely used to analyze the atomic structures of crystal surfaces. Since one has to make the sample face directly to the LEED

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