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英語 高校生

カッコで囲んだとこの英文の1つ目のandからの訳がどうして2枚目のようになるのか教えてください。 2枚目のどんな疑問が重要か〜の次のとこからです

ample practices varied across time and place. The truth is that we about what preliterate societies knew or believed. But they left behind *. evidence of their attention to the movements of the Sun and the phases of the Moon. And we can be sure that whatever questions they asked of the heavens were very different from those that motivate space exploration today. (A) rotic othe In reality, the difference between ancient and modern knowledge systems is more qualitative than quantitative; it is not about how much is known, but about what questions are important and about the acceptable ways of asking and answering those questions. And while we may not easily be able to slip between our modern worldview and those of others, we can nonetheless attempt to do so by asking not what ancient people knew about the world, but what their questions were when they looked at it. If we do this in the case of Mars, examining a few of the earliest known examples from around the world, we can see how sky knowledge was considered important to the functioning of the state whether it was *astrological knowledge in the service of good governance, or knowledge of bloodlines and relationships with the gods and other sky entities, which was used (B) - verdd

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英語 高校生

まるがついている部分でなぜ同じ過去に実現しなかったことへの願望なのにhadとhaveで使うのが違うんですか?

3 1. If I were to find a new star, I would be able to name it. 2. Without the medicine, my disease couldn't have been cured. 3. I don't have enough money. I wish the shirt were [was] cheaper. 4. They would visit the temple if they had more time. 5. A microwave oven could save us a lot of time. 6. We wish we hadn't agreed to the plan. 解説 1. 「仮に新しい星を見つけたら, 名付けることができ るだろうに。」 仮の話の前提は仮定法過去 〈If S' were to + 動詞の原形, S would + 動詞の原形〉で述べる。 2. 「もしその薬がなければ、 私の病気は治らなかっただろう。」 過去の事実と違う仮定なので仮定法過去完了。 3. 「十分なお金がない。 そのシャツが安ければいいのに。」実現 が困難な願望は仮定法過去 〈S wish S' + 過去形〉。 be 動 は were になるが, S' が1人称 3人称単数の場合. was を使うこともある。 4. 「もっと時間があれば、 彼らはそのお寺を訪れるだろうに。」 現在の事実と違うことは, 仮定法過去 < If S' + 過去形, S would + 動詞の原形) で述べる。 5. 「電子レンジがあれば多くの時間を省けるのに。」 現在の事実 に反する仮定なので, 仮定法過去で述べる。 if節の代わり 主語が仮定の意味を表す。 '6. 「私たちがその計画に賛成していなかったらなあ。」 過去に実 現しなかったことへの願望は (S wish S' had + 過去分詞〉。 4 Description 1. He (wishes) he (had) a computer. 2. She wishes she (could) (have) seen the fireworks last night. 3. She (would [could]) (go [travel]) to Hawaii if she were free now. 解説 1.「コンピューターを持っていればなあと彼は思ってい る。」 実現が困難な願望は仮定法過去 <S wish S' + 過去 2.「花火を見られたらよかったのにと彼女は思ってい 過去に実現しなかったことへの願望を <S wish S' could have + 過去分詞) で表す。 3. 「彼女が今暇なら、彼女はハワイに行く [旅行に行く] だろう に。」 現在の事実と違うことは仮定法過去 <IfS' + 過去形 S would + 動詞の原形〉 で述べる。

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