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4 20 科学 420 words Chapter 1 The recipe for making any creature is written in its DNA. So last year, when 1-1 geneticists* published the near-complete DNA sequence of the long-extinct woolly mammoth, there was much speculation about whether we could bring this giant creature back to life. 5 東京理科大学 Creating a living, breathing creature from a genome* sequence that exists only in a computer's memory is not possible right now. But someone someday is sure to try it, predicts Stephan Schuster, a molecular biologist at Pennsylvania State University and a driving force behind the mammoth genome project. So besides the mammoth, what other extinct beasts might we bring back to life? Well, 12 10 it is only going to be possible with creatures for which we can recover a complete genome Without one, there is no chance. And usually when a creature dies, the (1) - DNA in any flesh left untouched is soon destroyed as it is attacked by sunshine and bacteria. sequence. There are, however, some circumstances in which DNA can be preserved. If your 15 specimen froze to death in an icy wasteland such as Siberia, or died in a dark cave or a really dry region, for instance, then the probability of finding some intact stretches of DNA is much higher. Even in ideal conditions, though, no genetic information is likely to survive more than a million years. - so dinosaurs are out and only much younger remains are likely to yield good-quality DNA. "It's really only worth studying specimens that are less than 100,000 years old," says Schuster. The genomes of several extinct species besides the mammoth are already being sequenced, but turning these into living creatures will not be easy. "It's hard to say that something will never ever be possible," says Svante Pääbo of the Max Planck Institute 25 for Evolutionary Anthropology in Germany, "but it would require technologies so far removed from what we currently have that I cannot imagine how it would be done." But then (3) 50 years ago, who would have believed we would now be able to read the instructions for making humans, fix inherited diseases, clone mammals and be close to creating artificial life? Assuming that we will develop the necessary technology, we have 30 selected ten extinct creatures that might one day be resurrected. Our choice is based not just on practicality, but also on each animal's "charisma" - just how exciting the prospect of resurrecting these animals is. 1-3

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コロ 6 求職者は2人いるが、年長者を採用することに決めた。 There are two applicants for the job, and I've made up (of / my mind / the / hire / older / to) the two. (拓殖大) CHALLENGE 1,2は( )内の語を正しく並べ替えなさい。 3,4は誤りのある箇所 発展を選び、正しく直しなさい。 1 あなたが今いる所から郵便局までたった100メートルです。 ble worlⓘ It is (hundred / meters/ more / no / one / than) from where you are now to the post office. (追手門学院大) 2 全体としてはいい公演だったが,テノールは彼の最高の出来ではなかった。 On the whole, the performance was good, (his / the / tenor/best/at / though / wasn't). (摂南大) 4 3 Nothing gives me very much real happiness as listening to Mozart and Schubert. (明海大) 誤りのある個所 ① 24 I can't see my grandmother without feeling sad, as she is any more the wise woman ③ that she used to be. 2 4 (立教大) 誤りのある個所 発音・アクセント問題 tw nru 1① access スクランブル英文法・語法 【4th Edition】 1は下線部の発音が他と異なるものを, 2~4は最初の語の下線部と同じ発音を 持つものを1つずつ選びなさい。 jpg Infol. Airth ② discuss ③ dissolve 2 lose: 3 scene : Lupa C 正しい形nt on OD 1 closely loose enigen! ① scale An 正しい形 正しい形、最高人に優 (2 course 5 increase ② scold pp.444~ 445 ④ processor ③ diseasee D ③ schedule

英語の分詞の所の問題につまづいていてこれ以上進まないので、アドバイスと答えを教えて欲しいです。m(*_ _)m

) 30 Lessons Step 1 Lesson 19 分詞 (2) ● 〈have[get] +0 +現在分詞>:「O を~させる/させておく」 ● 〈have[get] +0 +過去分詞>:「O を~してもらう/される」 ● < make + 0 + 過去分詞〉 : 0 を~されるようにする」 at whe ●〈知覚動詞 +0 +現在分詞 過去分詞> 0 が~している / ~されるのを見る」 知覚動詞 : see, look at, hear, listen to feel など [ ]の語句を並べかえ, 完成した英文を日本語にしなさい。 (1) [ crying / she / me / got] with her sad story. She Crying me got 彼女の悲 参考書 よって私は泣いていました。 (2) [blown/she / her hat / hád] off by the wind. she had her hot blown. 風により、彼女の帽子が吹きはいされてしまったり (3) [swimming / fish / saw / some / we ] in the river. with her sad ston I heard name my called 道中で私の名前が呼ばれるのが聞こえる。 [ ]から適切な語を選びなさい。B (1) The passenger sat on the seat [reading/read] a magazine. (2) [Come/Came / Coming ] home, Nancy turned on the TV. (3) [Shocking / Shocked] at the news, I couldn't say anything. (4) [Keeping/Kept ] in the fridge, the orange juice was cold. pp.250~2 We saw some fish swimming 私たちは川で泳いでいる数匹の魚を見かけた。 (4) [IV/my/ heard / called / name ] in the street. ④ 原因 理由: 「~なので」 ●否定語の位置 : 分詞を否定する not や never などは分詞の直前に置く off by the win 2 ●分詞構文:副詞的に文の情報を補足する分詞。 同時性連続性を表す sporightne ●分詞構文の意味上の主語: 原則として文の主語と同じ (2) While was reading a comic book, he suddenly began to laugh. mo(while )acomic book, Tim suddenly began to laugh. S in the rive 3 ■ 分詞構文が表す内容: ① その時していること (付帯状況) : ｢~しながら」 ② 時: ｢~している時/~しているあいだ」 ③ 動作の連続:｢〜して,そして」 in the stree 次の状況を表す英文を, 分詞構文を使って、( )に適切な語を入れて完成させなさい。 (1) Olivia was studying for the exam and listening to music lat the same time. Olivia was studying for the exam ( ) to music.

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【IV】 次の(A), (B)の設問に答えよ。 ((A)11点,(B) 6点) (A) 次の英文を読んで、 下の設問に最も適切な解答をせよ。 選択式の設問は記号 (アイウエ･･･) を1つ選んで答えること。 A World Bank report recently released suggests climate change could, force 216 million people across six regions to migrate within their countries in the next 30 years, with ""hotspots" emerging within the next nine years ( 2 ) urgent steps are taken. The "Groundswell Part 2" report examines how climate change is a powerful driver of migration within a nation because of its impact on people's livelihoods through droughts, rising sea levels, crop failures and other climate-related conditions. The original Groundswell climate report was published in 2018 and detailed projections and analysis for three world regions: sub- Saharan Africa, South Asia and Latin America. "Groundswell 2" conducted similar studies on East Asia and the Pacific, North Africa, and eastern Europe and Central Asia. Both studies established different scenarios to explore potential future outcomes and identify internal climate in- and out- migration hotspots in each region that is, the areas from which people are expected to move, and the areas to which they might go. The study suggests that by 2050, sub-Saharan Africa could see as many as 86 million internal climate migrants; East Asia and the Pacific, 49 million; South Asia, 40 million; North Africa, 19 million; Latin America, 17 million; and eastern Europe and Central Asia, 5 million. To slow the factors driving climate migration and avoid these worst-case outcomes, the report recommends a series of steps world leaders can take, including reducing global emissions ( 4 ) the goals established by the Paris 2015 climate agreement, and taking steps to better understand the drivers of internal climate migration, so appropriate policies to address them can be developed. (注)* hotspot: 自然破壊が進み, 危機に瀕している地域 -2/x-84 問 1 Which of the following has the closest meaning to " to talk someone out of doing something ア ウ I to make someone move 2 Put the best one into blank 2. ア unless イ to keep someone from doing something to tell a lie Sune once ウ when O I if 3 Which of the following has the closest meaning to "3 a powerful driver"? ア a good person who drives a truck a tool to fix some furniture I force"? a strong power that causes something to happen a condition which causes climate change 4 Put the best one into blank 4. Pin line with on behalf of in spite of I even though

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【IV】 次の(A), (B)の設問に答えよ。 ((A)11点,(B)6点) (A) 次の英文を読んで、 下の設問に最も適切な解答をせよ。 選択式の設問は記号 (アイウエ･･･) を1つ選んで答えること。 A World Bank report recently released suggests climate change could, force 216 million people across six regions to migrate within their countries in the next 30 years, with ""hotspots" emerging within the next nine years ( 2 ) urgent steps are taken. ) urgent steps are taken.numputė, valab The "Groundswell Part 2" report examines how climate change is a powerful driver of migration within a nation because of its impact on people's livelihoods through droughts, rising sea levels, crop failures and other climate-related conditions. The original Groundswell climate. report was published in 2018 and detailed projections and analysis for three world regions: sub- Saharan Africa, South Asia and Latin America. "Groundswell 2" conducted similar studies on East Asia and the Pacific, North Africa, and eastern Europe and Central Asia. Both studies established different scenarios to explore potential future outcomes and identify internal climate in- and out- migration hotspots in each region that is, the areas from which people are expected to move, and the areas to which they might go. The study suggests that by 2050, sub-Saharan Africa could see as many as 86 million internal climate migrants; East Asia and the Pacific, 49 million; South Asia, 40 million; North Africa, 19 million; Latin America, 17 million; and eastern Europe and Central Asia, 5 million. To slow the factors driving climate migration and avoid these worst-case outcomes, the report recommends a series of steps world leaders can take, including reducing global emissions (4) the goals established by the Paris 2015 climate agreement, and taking steps to better understand the drivers of internal climate migration, so appropriate policies to address them can be developed. (注)* hotspot: 自然破壊が進み, 危機に瀕している地域 -2/ Which of the following has the closest meaning to", force"? to talk someone out of doing something to keep someone from doing something to tell a lie I to make someone move 2 Put the best one into blank 2. 7 unless イ 1 ア イ once when I if ウ 3 Which of the following has the closest meaning to "3 a powerful driver"? ア a good person who drives a truckgran amma di kaill) a tool to fix some furniture I 0811 a strong power that causes something to happen a condition which causes climate change 4 Put the best one into blank 4. Pin line with イ I on behalf of in spite of even though

なぜingの形になるんですか？

(4) On the field, runners would step on his shoe, [ Djabbed 2jabbing) 3jab ] their spikes into his foot.

わかる範囲でこの見開き1ページを教えて頂きたいですm(*_ _)m

30 Lessons 参考書 pp.245~24 Lesson 18 分詞 (1) Step 4 ●名詞を修飾する分詞 (限定用法) 現在分詞は能動の意味, 過去分詞は受動の意味を表す ●分詞1語の場合は、修飾する名詞の直前に置く [] から適切な語を選びなさい。 (1) The boys playing/played] handball in the schoolyard are my classmates. (2) The man [ lying/ laid] on the bed was a stranger. (3) Some people [ inviting/invited ] to the dinner arrived late. (4) My sister and I met a man [ naming/ named ] James yesterday. (5) I washed these vegetables with [running/run] water. (6) Ieata [boiling/ boiled ] egg for breakfast every morning. 2② 日本語の意味に合うように、[ ] の動詞を適切な形の分詞にして ( )に入れなさい。 (1) ジョーンズさんはバスを待っている女性に話しかけた。 [ wait] Mr. Jones talked to a woman ( ) for the bus. (2) ブラジルで話されている言語を知っていますか。 [ speak] Do you know the language ( ) in Brazil? (3) 私たちは学園祭で,みんなが知っている歌を歌うつもりだ。 [ know ] We're going to sing a song ( ) to everyone at the school festival. [steal] (4) 私の盗まれた自転車は駅の近くで見つかった。 My ( ) bike was found near the station. (5) 昨夜テレビでわくわくするような試合を見た。 [excite ] I watched an ( ) game on TV last night. 2 ●補語になる分詞 (叙述用法) SV +分詞 : 主語の動作や状態の継続を表す。 <S is C> の関係が成り立つ SVO +分詞 : 目的語の状態を表す。 <O is C> の関係が成り立つ ● 「動作」を表す自動詞 (walk, sit, come, stand, lie など) の後の分詞 : 主語の状態を表す 現在分詞は｢~しながら / ~して｣ 過去分詞は ｢~されて｣ と訳す 1 日本語の意味に合うように,( )に適切な語を入れなさい。 B (1) バンドが大きなミスをしたが, その歌手は歌い続けた。 The band made a big mistake, but the singer ( ) ( ). (2) そのミュージシャンはファンに囲まれて立っていた。 The musician ( ) ( ) by his fans. (3) 私が助けを呼ぶと, 警察官が私のほうに走ってきた。 When I called for help, a police officer ( ) ( ) to me. 1

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Identify the part that must be corrected. a 1. The number of homeless and the poor is decreasing in this country. A B C D although 2. Though not the longest river in the world, Amazon carries the most water. A B C D 3. A tree's branches grow in a such way that the leaves are spread to sunlight. such A B C D 4. There are a rod and line in Stephen's house in the suburbs of Washington, D.C. A B D 5. In colonial times public support of education was rare, and only about one child in ten A B azed stodiel od to moreupb am soled 1 went to the school. D Vuose abivor of onese incomum vaise 6. Bush did not say whether he would rise taxes on the middle class. B A D F e o sa how to the word G a great 7. In Peru quite a number of the humbler Spaniards married with Indian women. C D B A gainier bouquie bad in one di bate a D C 8. The girl admitted me that education was of first importance to Indonesia's future. A B od bus yriarsvin simuloveres med hents and nonsala 0 D C 9. The auditorium was so noisy that I couldn't make my voice hear. It woul B heard A - 35 -

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UNIT 6 Using the Correct Forms of Uerbs(3) 助動詞/受動態 EXER English in Action 「A Fill in (1)その STEP Find out what happened to Koki. TH (2) ブ Koki: Excuse me. Could vou tell me where Greenhil Greenhill Hospital Station Hospital is? I must have missed the turn coming from the station. Lady: Yes, you've come to0 far. You should have (4 A turned right at the second corner back to the station. Bank Koki: The corner where the bank is? B D BO Lady: That's right. Turn right at the bank and go one block. Then turn left, and you'll see the hospital. STEP 2 Listen and answer true or false. (2) T/F (3) T/F

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some effort in it. You'd sit down with pen and paper, or at a typewriter and carefully compose a message. It was u no way a suitable medium しE~ない! for writing a) both, b) giving, c) much, d) notes, e) quick, 1) thenm. vithant qing theem Auc g) thought, h) without], partly because of the ritual involved, and the ik thou gut time you spent finding an envelope, adding postage, and walking the letter to a mailbox. Because the very act of writing a letter to someone S took this many steps, and was spread out over time, people didn't go to .[a) had, b) important, c) place, d) something, e) the, f) they, g) trouble, (イ) h) unless] to say. Because of e-mail's immediacy, most of us don't worry about typing up any little thing/ that pops in our heads and hitting the send hutton.