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生物 高校生

プライマーを用いたPCR法で増幅させたDNAの問題です。(3)(4)(5)の考え方がわかりません。ご協力いただけると嬉しいです🙇‍♀️

8. ある雄のマウス個体Xから体細胞と15個の精子のDNAを得た。 次に, マウスの5つの遺伝子 座 A,B,C,D,E それぞれに特異的なプライマーDNA のセットを使い, PCR によって, それぞれ の遺伝子座のDNAを増幅した (注)。 これらの増幅される DNA は 遺伝的に異なった長さになるこ とがわかっている。 増幅された DNAを電気泳動したところ、 図のようなDNA 染色像を得た。図中 夏の短い黒い直線が各DNAを示す。 参 (注) 実際の実験では,A~E の DNAは1つの試料として同時に増幅され、1つの寒天ゲルの中 でそれぞれの DNA の長さの違いが示された。ここではわかりやすくするため, A~EのDNAを 別々の電気泳動像として示した。 AD B I→ I-> I 429 C Ⅰ→ ( 細 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 電気泳動方向 (d) (5) 精子 胞 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 体細胞 体細胞 精子 胸 1 23 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 精子 胞1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 I->>> D I-> - 同 -- (d) (S) 二 精子 胞 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 OCSORBET ---- ( () () ( (1) C泳動結果から, Xの遺伝子座Cについてわかることを20字以内で答えよ。 (2)Eの泳動結果から, Xの遺伝子座Eについてわかることを15字以内で答 (3)5つの遺伝子座A~Eの中で、 2つの遺伝子座が同じ染色体にあることがわかっている。 同じ染色体にあると考えられる組み合わせを遺伝子座と図中の DNA の記号 (I, II)で答えよ。 水(例:FIとGI および F-II と G-II) (4) この実験結果をもとにして、 同じ染色体にある2つの遺伝子座について, 両者間の組換え価 (%) を答えよ。 (5)Xは2つの異なる系統のマウスを交配して得られた F, の雄である。 同時に得られた F, の雌 Xを交配して,F2の個体 Yを得た。 これまでの実験結果をもとにして、 遺伝子座 A, B, Dに 体細胞からXと同じ増幅結果が得られる場合の確率を, 計算式とともに答えよ。 なお、これらの遺伝子座の組換え価は雄雌で同じものとする。養 [九州大]

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英語 高校生

教えてほしいです

3 次の英文を読み, 空所に入れるのに最も適切なものを, それぞれ下の①~④のうちから一つずつ選びなさい。 Cigarette smoking has negative effects not only on the body of the person who smokes but also on the body of someone who regularly breathes in second-hand smoke. Some of the most obvious effects are high blood pressure, sleep disorders, heart failure, and lung cancer. Despite such harmful consequences, ( 10 ). It has been reported that smoking creates feelings of pleasure, reduces tension, and promotes close relationships. Many smokers admit that smoking is a bad habit. ( 11 ), they tend to think that the number of cigarettes that they smoke is below the danger level and thus are not worried about the risk. Some even feel that they do not breathe in the smoke and that a cure for cancer will be found before they become ill with the disease. We have to admit that smoking is a habit which is difficult to break ( 12 ) the nicotine found in tobacco goes into the blood and stimulates the brain, making smokers feel pleasant for several minutes. What is more, the smoker usually feels anxious and wants to have another cigarette. ( 13 ) the policies that now ban smoking in most public areas, the stress that people often experience at work and at home can force them to smoke. ( 10 ) ①some people decide to stop smoking millions of people continue to smoke ( 11 ) the price of cigarettes has risen ①smoking is more harmful than drinking Therefore 2 While ③ Of course 4 However (12) 1 because 2 as a result 3 but SO (13) ①Despite 2 Although (3) But 4 Yet

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英語 高校生

教えてほしいです

2 次の英文を読み, 空所に入れるのに最も適切なものを,それぞれ下の①~④のうちから一つずつ選びなさい。 (6) When growing tomatoes, we know we should pick them when they're bright red. With carrots, however, ( 6 ) because they grow underground. ①we should pick them when they turn orange (2) it's hard to know when they're ready (3) we should grow them more carefully than tomatoes (4) it's easy to know when they're bright red (7) Although it is quick, easy and convenient to be able to look up information on the internet, it can sometimes be difficult ( 7 ) because there is so much information. to find what you are looking for (2) to improve the convenience of the internet (3) to get more than what you need that people often experie (4) to have good computer literacy (8) Would you be happier if you were richer? Many people believe that they would be. But research conducted over many years suggests that ( 8 ). People in the United States, for example, are, on average, richer than New Zealanders, but they are not happier. poorer people tend to worry about their financial problems 2 pleasure in life usually comes from great wealth (3) the best way to be happy is learning how to save money greater wealth doesn't generally imply greater happiness (9) Many European rivers were once heavily polluted by manufacturing industries. As a result, wild animals dependent on clean water disappeared. However, as stricter environmental standards took effect, rivers such as the Thames of London have become much cleaner. Consequently, ( 9 ). water quality has continued to decline wild animals avoid drinking from the Thames (3) wild animals are making a comeback in many rivers (4) wild animals no longer depend on clean water

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