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英語 高校生

付箋で貼った2文がどうしてそのような訳になるのかわかりません。

た次の英文を読み, 設問に答えなさい。 (学習院 法学部 2022年) Society is everything. Many of us go through life thinking we are self-made and self-sufficient. Some may credit (or blame) their families for success or failure in life, but rarely do we think about (1) the bigger forces (that determine our destinies - the country we happen to be born in, the social attitudes common at a particular moment in history, the institutions that govern our economy and politics, and the randomness of just plain luck. These wider factors determine the kind of society in which we live and are the most important determinants of our human experience. 2 Consider an example of a life in which society plays a very (X) role. In 2004 I spent time with a family in the Ecuadorian Amazon*. Antonia, my host, had twelve children, and her oldest daughter was about to give birth to her first grandchild. They lived on the edge of the rainforest with no road, electricity, clean water or sanitation*. There was a school, but a considerable distance away, (Y) the children's attendance was irregular However, Antonia was a community health worker and had access via radio* to a doctor in a nearby town who could provide advice to her and others. Apart from this service (arranged by a charity), she and her husband had to be completely self-reliant gathering food from the forest, educating their children on how to survive in their environment. On the rare occasions when they needed something they could not find or make themselves (like a cooking pot), they searched for bits of gold in the Amazon, which they could exchange for goods in a market at the end of a long journey by boat. 3 This may seem like a very extreme and distant example, but it serves to remind us how accustomed we are to the things that living collectively gives us infrastructure, education and health care, laws that enable markets in which we can earn incomes and access goods and services. Antonia and her daughter promised to name the baby (they were Minouche, (2) which was a great honour. I often wonder what kind of life that other Minouche will be having as a result of being born in a very different society. V+ re expecting The way a society is structured has profound consequences for the lives of those living in it and the kinds of opportunity they face. It determines not just their material conditions but also their well-being, relationships and life The structure of society is determined by institutions such astical and legal systems, the economy, the way in which family and community life are organized. All societies choose to have some things left to individuals and others determined collectively. The rules governing how ? those collective institutions operate form what might be called the social contract, which 1 believe is the most important determinant of the kinds of lives we lead. Because it is so important and because most people cannot easily leave their societies, the social contract requires (Z) of the majority and necessary changes ás circumstances change. VF vf ⑤We are living at a time when, in many societies. people feel disappointed by the social contract and (3) the life it offers them. This is despite the huge gains in material progress the world has seen over the last 50 years. Surveys Social contract people

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英語 高校生

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ⅡI. 次の英文の空欄 ( 11 ) から ( 30 )に入る最も適切な語句を, a.〜d.の中から 1つ選びなさい。 解答は解答用紙1枚目 (マークシート方式)の所定の解答欄にマークし なさい。 Huy Fong Foods, the southern California company that produces 20 million bottles of sriracha (1) annually, has experienced a low ( 11 ) of red jalapeño chili peppers in recent years made worse by spring's crop failure. What is the cause? ( 12 ) weather and drought (2) conditions in Mexico. It's not (13) chili peppers. Mustard producers in France and Canada said extreme weather caused a 50% reduction in seed production last year, ( 14 ) to a shortage of the condiment on grocery store shelves. Blistering heat, stronger storms, droughts, floods, fires and changes in rainfall (15) are also affecting the cost and availability of staples, including wheat, corn, coffee, apples, chocolate and wine. The climate crisis is increasing the intensity and ( 16 ) of extreme weather events — and it's putting food production at risk. "Almost everything we grow and ( 17 ) in the US is facing some climatic stress," said Carolyn Dimitri, nutrition and food studies professor at NYU. Wheat and other grain crops are particularly ( 18 ). In the Great Plains region, (19) most of the US's wheat is harvested, drought depressed the winter crop. Farmers are abandoning farmland used for growing winter wheat in the US-primarily in Texas and Oklahoma - at the highest rate since 2002. Meanwhile in Montana, flooding is (20) grain crops. The impact of the climate crisis on grain crops ( 21 ) beyond the US. In India, a fierce heatwave damaged the wheat crop ( 22 ) record-setting temperatures throughout the spring and summer. As Delhi hit 49°℃ in May, the government placed a ( 23 ) on wheat exports, driving up prices even further than the rise following Russia's invasion of Ukraine. Food production is a driver of the climate crisis and a (24) of it. ( 25 ) the food system will require a wide variety of actions, including increasing crop diversity, delivering climate (26) to farmers around the world, expanding conservation programs and offering growers insurance that pays out when an index such as rain or wind speed falls above or below a fixed limit. The Biden administration is supporting research into "climate-smart" agriculture, an approach to managing cropland, forest, fisheries and cattle that attempts to address the intersecting challenges of the climate crisis and food ( 27 ). In May, the UN secretary general, António Guterres, said that climate-related disasters and extreme weather were a driver of global hunger and that 1.7 billion people ( 28 ) by the climate crisis over the last decade. Experts say (29) action is taken, we can expect to see increased food prices, decreased availability and conflict over water, which will primarily affect poorer countries and low-income Americans, (30) everything from school lunches to food aid programs. © Copyright Guardian News & Media Ltd 2023 (1) sriracha (2) drought かんばつ 世界中で人気のチリソース

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