英文の方写真汚くて申し訳ないです汗　 ３パラグラフ目の印のしてあるaround が、和訳中のどの部分に当たるか分かりません。教えていただきたいです。

テーマ 専門性☆☆☆ 英文レベル★★★ 30 DNAはウイルスから? 文 11 What with the threat of bird flu, the reality of HIV, and the genera unseemliness of having one's cells pressed into labour on behalf of something alien and microscopic, it is small wonder that people don't much like viruses. But we may actually have something to thank the little 5 parasites for. They may have been the first creatures to find a use for DNA, a discovery that set life on the road to its current rich complexity 12 The origin of the double helix is a more complicated issue than it might at first seem. DNA's ubiquity -all cells use it to store their genomes - suggests it has been around since the earliest days of life 10 but when exactly did the double spiral of bases first appear? Some think it was after cells and proteins had been around for a while. Others say DNA showed up before cell membranes had even been invented/ The fact that different sorts of cell make and copy the molecule in very different ways has led others to suggest that the charms of the double 15 helix might have been discovered more than once. And all these ideas have drawbacks. "To my knowledge, up to now there has been no ⚫ convincing story of how DNA originated," says evolutionary biologist Patrick Forterre of the University of Paris-Sud, Orsay. 13 Forterre claims to have a solution. Viruses, he thinks, invented » DNA as a way the defences of the cells they infected. Little more than packets of genetic material, viruses are notoriously adept at* avoiding detection, as influenza's annual self-reinvention attests. Forterre argues that viruses were up to similar tricks when life was young, and that DNA was one of their innovations. To some researchers 25 the idea is an appealing way to fill in a chunk of the DNA puzzle. 270 •

第2パラグラフめの、和訳で言う、医薬品認可機関のところらへんについて質問です 。ここの英文を見ると as drug approval~ のas って何用法なんでしょうか？

テーマ 専門性★★★ *. 24 ヘルシンキ宣言 英文 ①②つなぎ方 demands that the physician use every means possible to cure the 1 The ultimate ethical standard among the medical profession - but does this apply in a clinical trial, which is patient's illness understood to be experimental, not treatment? In a clinical trial, tension exists at the beginning between gaining knowledge that can be used in the longer term to benefit the public health, and the basic right of the patient to receive treatment. 112 For the scientific profession, the ultimate standard is to produce results that withstand scrutiny. For physicians and researchers, the 'gold 10 standard' in testing new drugs is a placebo-controlled study* in which some of the patients receive no treatment at all. These standards present an ethical dilemma as drug-approval agencies tend to lean toward the need for clear scientific data, which is best gained when a drug is tested against a control, or placebo. Furthermore, it becomes harder to 15 convince patients in First World countries to participate in drug trials when there may be a 30-50% chance of receiving only a sugar pill instead of a helpful medicine. 13 As

２パラグラフ目の和訳の、 可能性が30~50％あるかもしれないというので の、ので、が英文中のどこからきたのかわかりません、、訳していく中で自然とそうなるんですかね？

テーマ 専門性★☆★ 英文レベル★★★☆ 24 ヘルシンキ宣言 英文 ①② つなぎ方 11 The ultimate ethical standard among the medical profession demands that the physician use every means possible to cure the patient's illness-but does this apply in a clinical trial, which is understood to be experimental, not treatment? In a clinical trial, tension 5 exists at the beginning between gaining knowledge that can be used in the longer term to benefit the public health, and the basic right of the patient to receive treatment. 12 For the scientific profession, the últimate standard is to produce results that withstand scrutiny. For physicians and researchers, the 'gold 10 standard' in testing new drugs is a placebo-controlled study* in which some of the patients receive no treatment at all. These standards present an ethical dilemma as drug-approval agencies tend to lean toward the Kneed for clear scientific data, which is best gained when a drug is tested against a control, or placebo. Furthermore, it becomes harder to 15 convince patients in First World countries to participate in drug trials when there may be a 30-50% chance of receiving only a sugar pill instead of a helpful medicine.

ここで過去完了になる理由教えてくださいここで過去完了になる理由を教えてください

much not を置く。 lehi 033 [過去完了] [助動詞 could] [間接疑問][Check 20 Check 21 Check 110 As he crossed the line in first place, the marathon runner couldn't believe how easy his victory shuillily had been. q duoflib doua bo grado ai sus odo (そのマラソン選手は1位でゴールしたとき、優勝がどんなに簡単だったか信じられなかった) erimba 【 <助動詞+動詞の原形〉 の関係から couldn't believe ができる。 believe の目的語はhis victory も考 027 えられるが, how/ been / easy / had が残るので, his victoryも加え, how easy his victory had been とする。 Check 29 Oval 4 038 [SVO +for+Aをとる動 She's going to make a p (彼女は娘にパーティー用のド The long bus ride will (バスに長時間乗ると彼女は 解法(make +0 +fc 「する」の形で found-found 039 「イディオム

最後の行のthat went before us の部分が分からないのですが、　「経験する」はgo through ですよね？ through が無くても経験するという意味になるのですか？

7 We may have more knowledge and understanding of the world S V 0 [around us], but much of it was garnered (from the experiences of S V others「that went before us rather than the fruits of our own effort). 和訳 語句 周りの世界について私たちはより多くの知識を持ち、より理解しているかもしれ ないが、その多くは我々自身の努力の賜物というよりも、むしろ他の人が以前に 経験したものから獲得されたものなのだ。 garner 「獲得する」、 rather than ~ 「~よりむしろ」

なぜNaを多く含むと安価になり、KやBを含むと熱に強くなるのか教えて頂きたいです。大学入試ではこの理由まで聞かれることはないのでしょうか...？

231 ガラス■ ガラスは,Na, K, B などの元素を含むケイ酸塩が、 特定の結晶構造をもたない (a) の状態になったものである。 安価なガラスとして, Na を多く含む(b)がある。 また, 熱に強いガラスとして,K を含む(c)や,Bを含む(d), SiO2 の純度が高い(e)などがある。また,(f) は,透明度と屈折率が高いので,レンズなどに用いられる。 金属の酸化物を着色剤として混ぜたガラスを(g)という。これを用いて金属を装 飾したものを七宝という。 (1) (a)に適切な語句を入れよ。 (2)(b)(g)にあてはまる語句を,下の(ア)~(カ)から選べ。 (ア) カリガラス (イ) 石英ガラス ソーダ石灰ガラス (ウ) (エ) 鉛ガラス (オ) ホウケイ酸ガラス (カ) 色ガラス

英語 写真の赤マーカー部分（1）を日本語訳する問題です。 答えは 「戦争という破壊行為において実に大きな役割を果たし、また平和の回復においても同じくらい大きな役割を果たすべきだと主張されているのは、この形態の科学である」 です。 青で囲った 「,it is clamed... 続きを読む

23 #P 公立 23 次の英文を読んで設問に答えなさい。 ¶ 1 There are two forms or aspects of science. First, science is a body of useful and practical knowledge and a method of obtaining it. (1) It is science of this form which played so large a part in the destruction of war and, it is claimed, should play an equally large part in the *restoration of peace. It can work for good or for evil. If practical science made possible war with poison gas, it was also the

答え教えてください

14. These activities might ( but they carely had to deeper thinking. A. defend Brequest 15. I have no knowledge of what ( A. I am expected Eth to expect of me excitement and interest for children, generate abolish B. I am to be expected D. is expected of me

添削お願いします！ 問題文⬇️ Is it important to attend university? Why or why not?

Revising I think Is it important to attend university? Why or why not? Write a 60-90-word essay. 100 attend university Word Count: very fun and it is important reasons for my opinion. First, students can make a lot of friends at university. Studying with their friends is very good chance. to gain ability to students. communicate with people. Because there are many from various place at university, They can gain knowledge of various culture. + Se cond major in. in is Career For these reasons. To ・ 102 I have students can. study subjects which they want to I think that studying things which I am interestedt university makes student? studying at Also, decides their lives. I think people go to university. Two people should

なぜdに入るのが③なんですか？④ではないのですか？

Who was the first scientist? It wasn't Isaac Newton. Today, it is generally acknowledged that Newton never thought of himself as a scientist. He couldn't, for the word didn't exist in was not only a scientist, but the greatest scientist who ever lived, yet (Newton his time. Newton thought of himself as a "philosopher," a word that (a)dates back to the ancient Greek thinkers and that comes from Greek words (b)meaning "lover of wisdom." There are different kinds of wisdom we might love, of course. Some philosophers are concerned chiefly with the wisdom derived from the study of the world about us and the manner of its workings. The world { c ℗ about 2 be 3 can 4 referred 5 to 6 us as "nature," from the Latin word meaning “birth." Nature, in other words, is everything that has been created or that has come into being. Philosophers who deal primarily with nature are, therefore, "natural philosophers." Newton thought of himself as a natural philosopher, and the sort of thing he studied was natural philosophy. Thus, when he wrote the book (d) he carefully described his three laws of motion and his theory of universal gravitation—the greatest scientific book ever written-he called it (in Latin) Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica, which in English is The Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy. The Greek word for "natural" is physikos, which in English becomes physical. Natural philosophy might also be spoken of as "physical philosophy, which can be shortened to “physics.” on. Physics As natural philosophy grew and expanded, all kinds of special studies developed. People began to speak of chemistry, of geology, of physiology, and so was whatever was left over, so it didn't suit as a general overall word for natural philosophy. Yet you needed some such short word, for natural philosophy was a seven-syllable mouthful.