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フレーズ訳 :各設問の根拠となる箇所 / but are they having fun? しかしその動物たちは楽しんでいるのだろうか。 1 We all have seen animals playing, s€ 私たちは皆,動物たちが遊んでいるのを見たことがある most scientists believed /「that only humans can have fun. // ほとんどの科学者が信じていた 見 In the past, 過去においてはば 人間だけが楽しむことができると。 h But today, / those beliefs are changing. // しかし今日では F そうした考えは変わろうとしている。 上 More and more scientists are studying animal emotions. // ますます多くの科学者が動物の感情を研究している。 And their findings might surprise you. / そして彼らの発見にあなたは驚くかもしれない。 2(For example, /(1) scientists have performed experiments / 例えば 科学者はさまざまな実験をおこなった that show that some animals laugh./ They have learned 「中には笑う動物がいることを示す。 that some animals, especially chimpanzees, dogs, and rats?laugh. // 動物,特にチンバンジー,犬,ネズミが笑うことを。 Their laughs might not sound like human laughter, その動物たちの笑い声は人間の笑い声のようには聞こえないかもしれない 彼らは知った / but they are laughing. // しかし彼らは笑っているのだ。 3 Chimpanzees and dogs often show happiness. // チンバンジーと犬は喜んでいることをしばしば見せる。 Sometimes they may even look like they are laughing. // We know 時には笑っているように見えることさえあるかもしれない。 私たちはわかっている |that there are many similarities between humans and chimpanzees.| // 人間とチンバンジーには多くの共通点があることを。 And (2) anyone who has a dog knows //that dogs are very happy when they are それに犬を飼っている人なら誰でも知っている 犬は遊んでいる時,とても喜んでいることを。 playing, // However, / do rats laugh? // Have you ever played with rats? // あなたはネズミと遊んだことはありますか。 しかしながら ネズミは笑うのか。 / Scientists/at a university in Ohio/did. // オハイオの大学の科学者がそれをしたのだ。 4 Have you ever tickled them? あなたはネズミをくすぐったことはありますか。 What happened? // The rats laughed! // 何が起きただろう。 And (3) the rats laughed /Konly when their favorite person tickled them.>// それに,ネズミは笑ったのだった ネズミが笑ったのだ。 自分の気に入っている人がくすぐったときだけ。 But how do the scientists know /|that the rats were really laughing? // しかし科学者はどうやってわかるのだろう 5 ネズミが本当に笑っていると。 They studied their brains. // 彼らはネズミの脳を研究したのだ。 (4When humans laugh, / one part of the brain is very active. // 入が笑うと <When a rat laughs, ネズミが笑うと 脳の一部は非常に活発になる。 that same part of its brain is active, too. // ネズミの脳の同じ部分も活性化しているのだ。 And scientists have found another interesting similarity / そして科学者は興味深い類似点をもう1つ発見した between humans and rats.) // Rats like to be with the rats] / 人とネズミの。 in their group/ /(that laugh the most. // It seems that fun-loving rats are popular. // 集団の中で ネズミはネズミと一緒にいるのを好むのだ 楽しいことが好きなネズミは人気があるようだ。 1/ だけど,そんなことが本当に大事なのですか」と。 最も笑う。 You might say あなたは言うかもしれない /"That's interesting, / but is it really important?" 「おもしろい 7 (5In fact, / these kinds of experiments are teaching scientists / 実際 these®E こうした実験は科学者に教えている a lot about the parts of the human brain 人間の脳の部分について多くのことを They hope tosomeday lind out /Lhow to help unhappy people feel happier. |/ 彼らはいつか見つけたいと望んでいる And that's nothing to laugh at. / thaf control emotions. // 感情を制御する。 不幸な人々が幸せを感じるのに役立つ方法を。

この最初のAsってどうやって訳したら最適ですか？ As the human brain is flexible and can learn adapt, many previous studies have looked at whether playing video ... 続きを読む

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問題は【1】~【4】まである。答えは各問題の指示に従って別紙の解答用紙に書きなさい。 【1】次の英文を読んで設問に答えなさい。 Headaches are a big problem. Each year, millions of people suffer from severe headaches that affect their enjoyment of life, (1) not to mention their productivity at work. estimate, headaches cost individuals and businesses more than (2) $50 billion each year! (3) This is one of the reasons research into headaches has become a worldwide effort. Although he did not know much about how headaches work, Hippocrates was the first doctor to find a way to treat them. By 400 BC, Hippocrates had discovered that the *bark from willow trees was useful in treating pain. He made a white powder from the tree's bark and gave it to his patients. Hippocrates did not know it, but he was actually prescribing a natural chemical in willow bark called salicin. Whena person eats salicin, the chemical is changed inside his or her body into (4) salicylic acid. It turns out that salicylic acid is good for stopping pain, including headache pain, but it is bad for a person's stomach. In the 1800s, a chemist in Germany slightly changed easier for people to take. commonly known as aspirin. Aspirin was used throughout most of the 1900s to treat headaches, but doctors had little idea about what really caused headaches. When doctors can *diagnose the cause of a disease, they can find better ways to treat it. Therefore, as medical technology developed, doctors began to use it to learn more about the human brain and about headaches. In fact, according to one m to make it This new form of the chemical was called acetylsalicylic acid, now acid's Now doctors classify headaches ( A ) two general types: primary and secondary. A primary headache is a condition ( B) as only the headache itself. one caused by another physiological condition, such as an *infection or a *tumor. For primary headaches, doctors have determined three possible causes. headache is caused by stress. characteristically felt on both sides of the head as a dull, steady pain. Another kind of primary headache is the *migraine headache. Exactly what causes these headaches is not well understood, but many experts believe it could be abnormal brain activity causing changes in the brain's chemistry and blood flow. For many people, migraines are caused by certain (5) stimuli, such as poor sleep or particular foods or smells. A sufferer usually feels intense pain on one side of the head and becomes sensitive to light and noise. If the migraine is severe, the sufferer may *vomit repeatedly. The third kind of primary headache is known as the cluster headache. Cluster headaches typically occur around the same time each day for weeks or months at a time. The person ( C)from this kind of headache usually feels pain on one side of her or his head, and the pain is centered around one of the eyes. Doctors do not know much (6) at present about cluster headaches, but they seem to be more common among men and could be related to alcohol or other things that affect a person's blood flow. Using computers and more advanced medical equipment, doctors continue to learn more about what happens in the brain before and during headaches. Especially in the case of migraines, some doctors believe they have found the part of the brain that sets off the reaction for severe attacks. With these insights into brain processes, doctors hope new ways will be discovered to stop headaches before they begin. On the other hand, a secondary headache is One kind of primary Doctors usually call these tension headaches, and they are 注: bark 樹皮 diagnose ~を診断する、~を突き止める 感染症·伝染病 migraine (headache) 偏頭痛 infection tumor 腫場 vomit 食べたものを吐く (出典:READING FOR THE REAL WORLD 3rd edition, Compass Publishing より)

6段落の最初の一文の訳教えてください。

centers/wnere sieep is stua1ed. 6 Dr. Jacobs suggests that the waking period between sleeps, when people were forced into periods of rest and relaxation, /could have played an important part/in the human capacity to deal with stress naturally/ He claims/ that it's not an accident that the number (ロ) of people who report anxiety, stress, and depression has gone up in modern life, So the next time you wake up in the middle of the night, think of your ancestors and relax. Lying awake could be good for you.

写真の、 They may concentrate and express themselves more clearly in modern Western cultures, in which spend so much time with each other. とい... 続きを読む

traits, broadly defined, sèem to show themselves in virtually all human cultures, modern or tribal. They may concentrate and express themselves more clearly(in) ehich ウ") teens spend so much time with each other. modern Western cultures, But anthropologists have found that virtually all the world's cultures recognize inwhich odola diotin

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Hints 9(時間の前後関係」を意識して文を作る)日本語の意味に合うように下線部に適当な語句 を書きなさい。(必要に応じて、和文和訳の空欄をうめて考えてみよう。) 3 Exercises in English Composition (1)スマートフォンの着信音で目を覚ましたら、降りる駅を通過してしまっていた。 -→和文和訳[別の表現に言い換える]] (携帯電話の)着信 音 Cringtone 和文和訳 [隠れた主語を補う] は)降りる駅を通過してし スマートフォンの着信音が私を( まっていた ~の降りる駅 one's station When my smartphone ringtone (2) 10 ベジマイト Vegemite ※オーストラリアや ニュージーランドで 人気のあるペースト 状の食品。パンに塗っ て食べられることが 多い。 (2)オーストラリアに行くまで,ベジマイトを見たことも聞いたこともなかった。 は)オーストラリアに行くまで、 ベジマイトを見たことも聞いたこともなかった oni 和文和訳[隠れた主語を補う]]( before (3) 11 ウェイター Cwaiter 和文和訳 [隠れた対象を補う]ウェイターが( に)席を譲るように頼むまで (3) ウェイターが席を譲るように言うまで,私たちは長い間ファミレスでおしゃべり をしていた。 (~に)席を譲る give up one's seat (s)(for ~) We ファミレス 回 family-style restaurant until (~と)おしゃべりを する talk [chat] (with onojlg (4)ようやくチケット販売サイトにアクセスできたとき,チケットはすでに完売して いた。 (4)(9 チケット販売サイト G ticket selling When I site (ネットワークなど) にアクセスする access(× to) (5)専門家たちは, 2030年までに現在の仕事の40%においてAIが人間に取って代わっ てしまっているだろうと予測している。 (5) 12 of the existing work by 2030. Part 1 動詞の表現

この問題の答えがなぜ2番になるのでしょうか？ かっこの後ろの文は完全文になっているので4番かと思ったのですが、、、 解説お願いします

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we can say that our development depends upon the people whom we meet in the course of our lives 上の文のin the course of our lives のところはin th... 続きを読む

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F次の英文について、設間に答えなさい。 Color can afect human mood. We have known this for a long time. Ancient Egyptians and Chinese used difterent colors to help sick people. No one really knows (①) worked or not. But we can see today that people still think that the effect of colors is imp0rtant. The simplest example is ②the way people choose colore for their rooms. Another example is the color ®( choose ) for Company products. We als0 consider the color of clothes very carefully when we decide © what we should buy.. Many people believe that red has a high energy level. They feel that it is connected to speed, danger, excitement, and passion. It is a good ® (choose) for a fast car, but not so good for a doctor's oice. In that kind of place, a soft blue is thought to be better. Blue is a color that seems to help people to relax, Green also helps people to feel calm. In contrast to this, yellow creates feelings of happiness and cheer, and it ia often used in kitchens and bathrooms. But nothing is really quite so simple. Research shows that some people get angry more quickly in a yellow room. Babies seem to cry more, too. And even a soft blue, which is usually relaxing, can also make 8ome people have sad feelings. Finally, it is important to remember that the effects of color on human mood don't. always last a long time. In fact, the effect isusually relatively short. For example, a soft blue room may help people feel calm at first, but the efect disappears fairly soon. 間1 カッコのに適語を入れなさい。 間2 下線部のの語句を同じ意味の1語で言いなさい。 間3 カッコの語を適切な形(派生語)に変えなさい。 間4 下線部のを同じ意味の3語に変えなさい。 問5 次の説明に該当する語を本文中から書きだしなさい。 1. a diference between people, ideas, situations, things etc that are being compared 2. the possibility that someone or something wil be harmed, destroyed, or killed 8. the room where you prepare and cook food 4. the way you feel at a particular time ( the answer is not 'feelings') 5. serious study of a subject, in order to discover new facts or test new ideas 間6 本文の内容と合うものを1つ記号で答えなさい。 イ Few people know how important the effects of color are、 ロ Ifyou want to relax, you should choose red for your room. ハ Babies will stop crying when they are taken into a yellow rom. ニ Our feelings can be affected by color, but the effects are relatively short.

英文法 この問題は(a)のfeaturesのsが要らないのですが、何故(c)はsが必要かが分かりません。 写真のように2つの文がisにかかっているのでreason になるのでは無いのですか？

Gpeokey (5) Perhap: the most distinctive features of being human, and undoubtedl.. one of he most important reasons for our success, is the capacity to create 00d and use language. 0nongrto bv st mib ee11aib ) moustaib iaogalh