⑬Most slaves were not allowed to learn how to read or write.⑮Then how did they manage
to nd the routes? ⑯Tt is said that SOngS known as spirituals contained secret rmeSSagど8- ⑮
For example, “angels” meant “conductors” and “Jordan” meant “the Ohio River” Slaves
sang the spirituals within their families, but not in the presence of white people- ⑬⑲In this
wa the slaves learned the routes to freedom.
な。 Ei 2 ほとり に ーー 6 ム croS horn 1ntO