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三行詞はthat
$10
discussions in the German Parliament, where some have called for these items
of clothing to be banned outright. Regarding such issues, it can be discussed
that in both historical and contemporary contexts, the media are partly
responsible for such judgments, and the cases mentioned above are good.
examples of how the media label and judge based on opinion and not hard
evidence.
お堅い証拠に確かな証拠
5 Media stereotyping can have a huge impact on shaping our society, our
beliefs, and our prejudices, particularly in the minds of younger people. The
media's role not only constructs a generalization about 'the other', but also
about ourselves, and the social group to which we belong. If our social group
is being discussed in the media, it can affect how we think about ourselves and
our peers. Such representations in the media can determine how different
groups are judged and treated in different social settings such as education,
business, the justice system, and leisure. The younger generation/can be
affected greatly by these media representations and form an opinion about
certain people that is based upon images (the media create Thus, it can be
argued that the media play a large role in the continual promotion of
stereotypes.
(3)
6 Our question here is, why stereotype? How does simple stereotyping help
with a deeper understanding of a social group or situation? From a media
X="perspective, this kind of categorization of various social groups is an important
情報を伝えるツール
tool to inform an audience in a limited and restricted amount of time.
( ), media production involves a complex array of factors ranging from
+
複数の要素が絡んでいる
しかし>
1社会的代表の欠如が
the production process, the commercial aspect, and the relevance of the
stories. More importantly however this trend could also be linked to the lack
of diverse social representation within the media industry.
7 Regarding all elements of media, but particularly mass and social, the
following years will prove crucial. The fact that news outlets and social media
users continue to promote stereotypical views is extremely problematic. As
3
◇M1 (544-3)

ページ4:

already discussed, there are various views regarding certain social groups that
can lead to social disorder. There is no concrete proof that German Muslim
women are 'untrustworthy and secretive', and while there is no hard evidence
to support this notion, the German Parliament's discussions regarding the
banning of religious clothing, for example, promote a dangerous narrative.
Such stereotyping could put female Muslims at increased risk from social
neglect or even, as has been seen in other countries, violence and persecution.
All forms of media must address these issues, and there needs to be a
thorough review from the ground up regarding the way that news is
distributed, one that does not discriminate against a social group based on
their religious beliefs, nationality, gender, sexual orientation, color, or class.
Until this is reviewed, there is a very real danger that the divisions in society
will become ever wider.
注) Burkini : プルキニ(女性のイスラム教信者のために作られた水着)
Burka : ブルカ (イスラム圏における女性向けの伝統的衣服の一つ)
問1 下線部(1)を日本語に訳しなさい。
このタイプの報道には実際に問題になりうる部分があり、それは
社会の特定の構成員に対してスタイプ
問2 空欄(ア)(イ)に共通して入る最も適切な語を次から選び,
答えなさい。
(A) final
(B) negative
(C) popular
(D) traditional
921 funde
siben table bri
*A m
- 4 -
-
◇M1 (544-4)
の川習である。

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問3 下線部(2)が意味する内容として最も適切なものを次から選び,記号で答え
なさい。
(A) correct information
事実に基づいた情報
(B) diligent research
徹底的な調査
(C)hypothetical proof
仮説的な証明
(D) sincere belief
真摯な信念
問4 下線部(3)を日本語に訳しなさい。
若い世代はメディアの表現に多いに影響を受け、メディアが作り出す
イメージに基づいて特定の人々についての一
①意見を形成することがある。
問5 空欄)に入る最も適切な語句を次から選び、記号で答えなさい。
(A) For example
(B) In addition
←
(C) In other words
(D) On the contrary
sidkar
問6 本文の内容と一致しないものを次から2つ選び、記号で答えなさい。
(A) The German government's position on the banning of certain clothing
could ultimately put female Muslims in danger. 7.
(B) In the media, stereotyping people/groups of people can be useful as it
can give a certain amount of information quickly. 6
(C)In the passage, it is argued that stereotypes cannot be attached to
Ⓒ In
social class. 2
(D) The mass media help to promote the use of stereotypes.
3.
(E) Stereotyping certain groups of people is a new phenomenon that has
only recently been used by the media. 3.
(F) To make sure the media report about various groups accurately, it is
important to review media methods, and then make thorough changes. 7.
す

ページ6:

人々が限られた
言語を学ぶ
2 次の英文を読んで、設問に答えなさい。
↑ Recently, learning a second language has become more accessible due to
both the number of dedicated software packages, as well as the many
applications available across various digital platforms. Many people find the
convenience of this way of learning extremely useful, as they can fit studying
around their lifestyle. In addition, there is no restriction on where, when, and
what language to learn. Students no longer need to attend scheduled classes,
travel to a class, or choose from a limited number of languages. It would be
easy to argue that such a trend would result in a shift to learning more diverse
(1)
languages. However, statistics suggest that: Ht: : : : : : :D:D:D:D: : the case and that
technology is actually contributing to some languages becoming endangered.
2 In modern education, it has always been English that has dominated
foreign language learning. To participate in the global language of business
and communication, a grasp of English is seen as an essential tool for those
who wish to be successful on the global stage. In more recent times, there has
also been interest in both Chinese and Spanish and, at this moment, it is quite
clear that it is these three languages that dominate language learning. This is
a trend that has been proved to be extremely worrying for those who have
been actively promoting the teaching of native languages particularly in
schools and colleges.
(2)
3 Once a foreign language is introduced into a curriculum-based learning
✓ environment, teaching the native language can, in some cases, become less
prominent. As the foreign language becomes more dominant, the native
_language is used less frequently. This unfortunately begins in the educational
arena, but then, as students graduate and begin their careers, spreads across
all areas of business, society, and culture. Thus, over time, the native
language becomes less used, and in some cases, endangered. The problem
worsens even further as the older generation of native speakers becomes fewer

ページ7:

and consequently, the language begins to fade away. One such example of the
dangers of language extinction can be observed in the countries of Northern
Europe.
4 In Norway, Finland, Sweden, Denmark, and Iceland, English is the
dominant second language but considered as important as the respective native
languages. Children are taught English from a very early age, and by the age
of nine, will have studied English for, at minimum, five years. In addition to
this, many specialist undergraduate degrees are taught exclusively in English.
In 2021, these courses outnumbered their native language counterparts by
three-to-one across the region. Noticing this as problematic, one country has
begun to take steps to ensure that their native language remains vibrant, and
used by all citizens, young and old.
5 In Iceland, linguists and language scholars are beginning to explore the
danger of the Icelandic language disappearing completely. Although not
endangered at present, it is predicted that if current trends in language use
continue, Icelandic could be considered an endangered language by 2045, and
could be all but extinct by 2070. But why?
6 The answer could be found in the very reason that allows many people to
learn a second language, which is technology. There is an increasing reliance
upon voice commands to operate digital services and equipment, and Icelandic
is often not included in the language lists of many current products. This is
due to the financial cost, where supporting a language only spoken by around
300,000 people would be too demanding for many companies.
Issue
7 The issue of Icelandic becoming endangered is one that the academic
community, as well as the government, have been quick to address. Promoting
the language, however, has been a difficult task as many younger people rely
more on their English skills than they do on their native language. This has
not discouraged those who wish to ensure that Icelandic remains ( 7 ) in
the modern age. Firstly, there have been moves to ensure that the education

ページ8:

system is more focused on teaching in Icelandic, and this includes traditional
subjects as well as IT. In addition, some technology companies, most notably
Google and Microsoft, have also implemented voice activation for the Icelandic
language across their products. This is an extremely important step, not only
to keep the Icelandic language alive, but also to help those who have
disabilities that could prevent them from using technology in the traditional
way.
問5.
北欧諸国で
英語学習推進
→英語が過度に
支配的に
・浸ること、充満すること
Although English language learning is still encouraged across the
(4)
countries of Northern Europe, it is Iceland that has seen the potential damage
that over-saturation) may cause. Some technology companies have been
(f)sympathetic to this trend and have begun to offer services that consider
minority languages. However, the problem here is that a language is then at
the mercy of the software developers and its use depends entirely on how long
they are prepared to support it. A language with a limited number of speakers
tends to result in little or no financial profit.
9 Of course, a country must remain international and it is important that
citizens can converse with people from around the world on various issues, in
various languages. However, it is also important to respect and treasure the
native language as once it has gone, it is gone forever.
問1 下線部(1)が意味する内容として最も適切なものを次から選び、記号で答え
なさい。
(A)Many students choose to learn a variety of languages.
(B) People tend to learn only certain languages.
(C) Students learn languages using diverse digital platforms.
(D)Technology contributes to language extinction.
問2 下線部(2)を日本語に訳しなさい。
この傾向は、母国語教育を推進している人々にとって非常に懸命
されるものであることが証明されている。
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問3 下線部(3)を日本語に訳しなさい。
アイスランド語が絶滅の危機に瀕しているという問題は、
宮術界だけでなく政府対処してきた問題である
問4 空欄( )に入る最も適切な語を次から選び、記号で答えなさい。
(A) academic
(B) consistent 一貫している
(C) extinct
(D) relevant
実質的な価値がある。関連性がある。
問5 下線部(4)が意味する内容として最も適切なものを次から選び、記号で答え
なさい。
(A) The English language has become excessively dominant.
(B) English language learning is no longer promoted.
(C) Everybody is completely satisfied with English education. ton
(D) Teaching native languages needs to be more actively encouraged.
(E) Technology has too much influence on education.
問6 本文の内容と一致するものを次から2つ選び, 記号で答えなさい。
(A) In Iceland, IT education at school is conducted only in English. ク
(B)In some countries, teaching university subjects in English could be a
threat to education in the native language. 4
(C) I
It is easy for many companies to include a variety of languages in
their voice activation services.
6.8.
(D) Language experts predict that the Icelandic language will disappear
by 2045. 2070
5.
(E) Nowadays, studying abroad is not an effective way of language
learning.
×
(F)There is no relationship between the number of elderly native
speakers and how likely the language is to disappear. 3
(G) We should always maintain a balance between communicating with
people from different language backgrounds and retaining respect for
our native language. 9
9
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ページ10:

3
Read the following passage.
1 Today, sushi is very popular and eaten all over the world, from high-end
restaurants in New York City to street markets in Morocco. It tends to be
favored as healthy food and its aesthetic quality often fascinates people.
Despite the common belief that sushi is a traditional dish in Japan, it has been
historically transformed through cultural adaptation to the present.
2 When asked which country sushi comes from, one would instantly respond
"Japan". However, sushi was first eaten in Southeast Asia over 1600 years ago
and was called Narezushi, pickled fish with salt and rice. Hundreds of years
later, sushi arrived in Japan and was slowly adapted over the centuries. It was
not until the 1820s that the Edo style sushi was created using fresh fish and
rice vinegar, and from there, in the 1970s, sushi became modernized and more
widespread across Japan with the advancement of refrigeration. Yet, credit for
this now international dish is only given to the Japanese with its roots
forgotten.
3 When Japanese people travel abroad, many have the opinion that sushi is
not authentic. For instance, many Japanese might consider the American tuna
roll with cream cheese, Jalapenos, and a spicy southwestern sauce not to be
proper sushi. Also, some might take issue that sushi is often prepared by
untrained cooks in America whereas in Japan it is an artisan skill developed
over a lifetime. However, sushi in America has been changing since the 19th
century. Similar to how sushi was adapted to the flavor profiles of the
Japanese, the same can be said for America.
4 Sushi is not the only cuisine that has been adopted from other cultures
over the past 100 years. One example is taco rice, which was created in
Okinawa but was heavily influenced by Tex-Mex cuisine. After World War II,
with the occupation of allied forces in Okinawa, there was a demand for tacos,
which requires ground corn to make flatbread to wrap meat and vegetables.
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- 10
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However, because there was a lack of ingredients to make traditional Tex-Mex
cuisine, a local restaurant owner adapted the recipe to use more Japanese
ingredients, chiefly rice. Nowadays, when many Japanese think of taco rice,
they only relate it to Okinawa instead of the American southwest or Mexico.
This is because it has been made into something uniquely Japanese, similar to
how Jalapeno sushi in the U.S. is uniquely American.
5 While American sushi restaurants might sell traditional Japanese sushi, it
is currently diverging away from Japanese traditions, just as modern sushi was
adapted from Narezushi. However, it remains to be asked whether American
sushi will ever be accepted as its own cuisine or will always be labeled
inauthentic
注)Jalapeno: ハラペーニョ (トウガラシの一品種)
Tex-Mex cuisine : アメリカ風のメキシコ料理
Answer questions A to C in English. You may use words and ideas from the
text, but you must not copy complete sentences.
Question A
Complete the following sentence.
According to the fourth paragraph, when taco rice was first created, it
was almost impossible to cook tacos in Okinawa because
the
necessary ingredients
taco rice by using Japanese rice.
of the
Lack of
yet à restaurant owner managed to create
Question B
Complete the following sentences.
In the second paragraph, the author explains the origin of sushi-
how it has been historically changed, becoming more widespread as technology
developed. In the third paragraph, the author suggests that American sushi

ページ12:

think
has its own history and culture although there are some people who th
It is inauthentic
Question C
Considering the article you have just read, do you think that the influence
of foreign food culture on traditional dishes from your country is a good thing
or a bad thing? Write a 70-100 word paragraph to explain your thoughts.
Q.外国の食文化が自国の伝統料理に影響を与ぼすのは良いことか否か

ページ13:

4
Read the following transcript [I] of a conversation between friends,
Hanako and Taro. Then, read the summary of the transcript [II]. The
summary contains 14 blank spaces. For each blank space, you must choose
the most appropriate word (s) from the list provided. Each word or phrase
must only be used once. However, please note that blank 4 and blank 7 appear
twice. On your answer sheet, write the letter (A, B, C, etc.) that corresponds
to your choice.
[I]
Taro:
(determine attending
Hanako: Hi, are you going to the job fair at the university this weekend?
Yeah, I am just checking which companies have been in the news
for mistreating their workers or have a poor work-life balance
ratio. I don't want to end up like my dad and work in a company
that treats you like a slave. He was hospitalized once from
6) mistreat
overwork. I will not be like that.
Hanako: That sounds awful. Didn't his company give him time off to
recover? They would have to, right?
Taro:
You would think so, but no.
Companies often find ways to
navigate around the law so that they would technically not be
breaking it. In this case, they said he could take time off but
then made him feel guilty by saying that his co-workers would
have to do all of his tasks.
Hanako: I see. That is true. Many companies put tremendous pressure
on their workers. However, I think it was and is still necessary.
After World War II, a huge effort was needed to rebuild the
country, and now, with the economy in recession again, we have
to work even harder.
Taro:
Yes, we need to do something to help out our economy, but
maybe more work is not the answer. More work leads to

ページ14:

overwork that could lead to ill health or even death.
For
example, do you remember that extremely overworked employee
who committed suicide a few years back? People should be able
to have a life outside of work, especially if they have a family.
Being more relaxed would make workers more productive, right?
Hanako: True. What about this case then? The other day, I saw
something in the news about how an IT company is letting
Taro:
employees adopt a 4-day work week to promote a greater work-
life balance. Doesn't that seem to be a step in the right
direction?
Yeah, I heard about that too. But that was nothing more than
just lip service by the company. In fact, their new policy seems
to make things worse.
Hanako: How so?
(6) not being honest.
(4) initiatives.
Taro: Well, they mention how they want their employees to work the
same number of hours as a 5-day work week but in 4 days. (-) (5)
Hanako: That does not seem so bad. I'd rather work a couple more hours
a day to have a whole day off, wouldn't you?
Taro:
Plexibility
(7) culture
Yeah, maybe so, but you forget that there is a tradition of forced
overtime in Japan, so it would likely be more than twelve hours a
day; people would be too exhausted. And the worst part of it is
that they want to reduce salaries by 20% because people would
be coming in one day less.
Hanako: That doesn't seem fair since they would be working the same
number of hours.
Taro:
Absolutely right, and they also say that with the extra day off,
their employees have the benefit of getting a second job if they
want.
Hanako: What? They are telling their employees to get a second job?
↓
(s) aspects

ページ15:

Taro:
What company would hire someone who could only work 3 days a
week?
Exactly! In reality, their work-life balance is 100% work and no
life. On the other hand, a video game company has done things a
little better. While they are still reducing the salary by 20%,
they are also reducing the hours.
Hanako: That sounds a little fairer.
Taro:
(19) an example
It does, and it is aimed at employees with special circumstances,
such as those with family members in ill health, or those with
small children.
(10)
Hanako: Hmm, while you raise some serious issues, I think you should not
[Ⅱ]
be too serious with each company's policy. You should at least
hear them out first. Even though I agree with you, it is probably
more important just to get a job.
(1) emphasis.
Two university students, Hanako and Taro are having a conversation. At
first, Hanako asks a question to confirm what Taro is researching. Taro
replies that he is attempting to K. deter which companies value the work-life
2 ) soon.
Because he viewed his
balance at the job fair he will be f. attending
father as being overworked, he does not want to work in a company that
would
stream.
Hanako provides a suggestion about a company that had recently
4)
promoted its new work-life balance & Atitin the media. Specifically, she
mentions that this company will allow workers to adopt a 4-day work week to
provide more
in the work-life balance for its employees. However,
Taro recognizes that this company is not being 6 with its workers.
P. Membility
honest
He explains that this company's new work-life balance 4 ) would,
actually, make the current issue of overwork worse in Japanese work
(7).
I. culture
15
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ページ16:

Taro illustrates this by mentioning the three negative ε a specif this
company's program.
aspec
Namely, they want employees to work 'the same
number of hours as a 5-day work week, they will reduce salary by 20%, and
they anticipate workers to take up a second job on their three days off. Both
Taro and Hanako agree with each other that these points prevent this
company's workers from obtaining a favorable work-life balance. Taro then
provides ( of another company that is doing this better, although
Nan example
only slightly. While that company is still reducing pay, it does not want
employees to work the same amount or more hours. This demonstrates that
the company expects its employees to be with ( 10 ) rather than taking
up a second career.
0. Pamily
'
Despite agreeing with Taro to a point, Hanako, nevertheless, maintains
that she places greater ( 11 ) on obtaining a career rather than the
M. emphasis
morals of companies' policies. From this dialogue between the two of them,
it appears that Taro has a ( 12 ) attitude to Japanese work ( 7 ),
res
X. progre
while Hanako maintains a more traditional stance.
(A) achievements
(B) ambitious
(C) aspects
(D) attending
(E)
a basis
(F) capitalism
(G) company
(K) determine
(H) criticize
(I) culture
(L) efficiency
(M) emphasis
(N) an example
(0) family
(P) flexibility
(Q) honest
(R) initiatives
(S) managing
(T) mistreat
(V) order
(W) passive
☑ progressive
(Y) protest
(Z) results