ページ3:

LESSON 4 The International Space Station Part 1
Can you imagine a moving laboratory in space as big as a soccer field?
M
On a clear night you can see it moving across the sky,/ especially just after dusk
/ or just before dawn.
It's the International Space Station / or the ISS, where astronauts are living
400 kilometers above us.
The ISS is expected to operate at least until the year 2020; /
nym
by then,/it will have been moving around the Earth for about 20 years.
Fifteen different countries, / including Japan, / operate the ISS, /
where many pioneering experiments are carried out in low-gravity conditions.
Differences in weight between substances matter little there,
物質相互の重さの違いはISSではほとんど問題になりません。
which means that various things, / even substances like water and oil, / can be
mixed thoroughly and never separated. 様々な物質は水と油でさえ完全に
混ざって、分けられることはありません。
m
By taking advantage of this feature,/ you can make homogeneous semiconductor
crystals, /
この特徴を利用して、均質な半導体の結晶を作ることができます。
which would improve the performance of indispensable modern tools / such as
cellphones and computers.
By the time the ISS completes its role, we will have gained amazing results in
many fields of research.
The ISS works as a base for observation as well.
datum
同様に
Gathering data that we cannot get from Earth,/
地球からでは手に入れることができない情報を集めて、
scientists hope to learn about the beginning of the universe and our planet, and
the origin of life.

ページ4:

Class
No.
LESSON 4 NEW WORDS AND IDIOMS
PART 1
NEW WORDS AND IDIOMS
operate /áparèit 15p-/
gravity/grávǝti/
condition(s) /kandifǝn(z)/
MEANING
9
(8)
2
substance(s)/sábstǝns(iz)/
2.
thoroughly/eá:rouli Gárali/
④
⑤5)
feature /fi:tfar/
homogeneous /hòumǝdzi:niǝs/
semiconductor /sèmikəndáktár/
crystal(s)/kristǝl(z)/
observation /àbzǝrvéifǝn 13bza-/
universe /jú:nivà:rs/
carry out
take advantage of
(7)
1
(6)
9
Name
1 very high quality clear glass
2 a particular type of solid, liquid, or gas
(3) a world or an area of space that is different from the one we are in
4 completely:
⑤ a part of something that you notice because it seems important, interesting, or typical:
6 the process of watching something or someone carefully for a period of time
(7) a substance, such as silicon that allows some electric currents to pass through it, and
is used in electronic equipment
(8) the force that causes something to fall to the ground or to be attracted to another planet
⑨if a business or organization (operates in a particular place or way, it works in that place or way
10) consisting of people or things that are all of the same type

ページ5:

2/17(水) P.62-63
L4 P2.
@1;
What do we need to learn before going to
Mars and beyond?
A1; We need to learn how to stay healthly in space.
@2; Why is the weakening of bones and muscles
a good point too?
Because it will help us work out similar
problems that elderly people have on Earth.
A2; Because they do not need to resist gravity in space.
New words >
Mars (8)
weakering (名) 弱めること、弱める
harsh (形)厳しい
★
medical (形) 医学の
mechanism (名) メカニズム、仕組み、構成
similar (形) 似ている
somehow (副)何とかして
subject(名) 被験者、実験を受ける人
accustomed (形) 習慣的な
★
bone (6)**
wholly (副)完全に
★
慣れている
on about a
使い分け】
muscle (2)
resist(動)抵抗する、反抗する
maintain (動)「維持する
a book (about) money
a book (on)
economics
a book (about) Japan.
a book (on) Japanese history
*
a
research (on)

ページ6:

Part 2 (pp.62-63) Unicorn English Communication2: LESSON4 "The International Space Station"
予習は次の手順で行いましょう!
予習① 本文のCDを聞いて、 次の質問に答えてみよう
Q1: What do we need to learn before going to Mars and beyond?
Q2: Why is the weakening of bones and muscles a good point too?
予習②次の新出単語の意味を確認しておこう(単語の意味とオリジナル例文をノートに書くこと)
Mars / harsh / medical/somehow / accustomed / bone / muscle / resist
maintain / weakening / mechanism / similar
予習③本文をノートに写し、次の項目を調べておこう
<p.62 >
5行目 Space is a harsh environment for human beings, and we need to learn how to stay healthy in space.
○ human being は (動物 妖精 神 幽霊など人間以外のものと対比して) 人間
.
訳してみよう
people 「1人1人」の人 human being 「種類」の人
10行目: Most people who go into space) suffer from space sickness.
suffer from A の意味を調べよう。 Aに苦しむ。
< 辞書で調べよう>
11行目: After about a week, however ), they somehow become accustomed to the weightless environment
but bones and muscles don't (become accustomed to the weightless environment).
○be accustomed to A の意味を調べよう Aに慣れている
<<例文も訳してみよう>> My family slowly became accustomed to life without TV.
○ 受動態の be動詞の代わりに用いられる動詞
訳してみよう
<⇒辞書で調べよう>
受動態
<BTp.163>
私の家族はテレビのない生活にゆっくりと慣れた。
13行目: The longer they stay in space, (where they do not need to resist gravity, the weaker their bones and
muscles become.
訳してみよう
p.320 >
○ 比較を用いた重要表現 the+比較級, the+ 比較級の用法を調べよう 文法 比較< BT
~すればするほど、
("\
20行目 Experiencing these changes is not wholly bad, however.
○ Experiencing these changes 動名詞 (主語)
○ not wholly 部分否定の用法を調べよう.
否定(部分否定) < BT p.371>
<p.63>
すべてが~というわけではない
1行目:
Through medical research on these rapid changes, we will come to understand the weakening
mechanism of bones and muscles.
○come to do の用法を調べよう。 ~するようになる。
○ on about の違いは?
【oniに関して専門的・学問的obot(幅広)へにつ
訳してみよう
文法 不定詞
< BT p.196>
5行目 The findings of the research will help us work out similar problems (that elderly people have on Earth ).
○ work out の意味を調べよう。 ~を解決する
訳してみよう
< 辞書で調べよう>
<<例文も訳してみよう It took only one minute for me to work out the math problem.
○ help A (to) do 不定詞の原形不定詞の用法を調べよう。 文法 不定詞
Aが~するのを助ける
<BT p.183>
その学の問題を解くに私は
1分しかかからなかった。

ページ7:

Part 2
Purpose
(Scientific experiments) and (space observations) are not the only purpose of the
ISS.
Purpose
*Another important purpose / is gaining experience and knowledge necessary for
astronauts who will go to Mars and beyond on long trips.
経験と知識を獲得すること。
*Space is a harsh environment for human beings, and we need to learn how to
stay healthy in space.
This research is called space medicine.)
www
The ISS astronauts are not only experimenters and engineers;/ they are also the
subjects for medical studies.
ISSの宇宙飛行士たちは実験者や技術者であるだけでなく、医学研究のための被験者でも
Most people who go into space / suffer from space sickness.
宇宙酔い
* After about a week, however, they somehow become accustomed to the
weightless environment, /but bones and muscles don't.
あるのだ。
* The longer they stay in space,/where they do not need to resist gravity, /
the weaker their bones and muscles become.
Maintaining healthy bones and muscles/ is necessary during long-term space
travel.
The ISS astronauts do exercise and take special medicine/ to resist the physical
changes.
Experiencing these changes is not wholly bad, however,
しかし、こうした肉体の変化を経験することがすべて悪いというわけではない。
Through medical research on these rapid changes, / we will come to understand
the weakening mechanism of bones and muscles.
The findings of the research will help us work out similar problems/that elderly
people have on Earth.
wwwwww

ページ8:

PART 2
Class
No.
NEW WORDS AND IDIOMS
MEANING
Mars /márz/
8
harsh /há:rf/
4
medical /médikǝl/
2
somehow /sámhàu/
(6)
accustomed /ǝkástǝmd/ a.
bone(s) /bóun(z)/
F
muscle(s)/másl(z)/
5
resist /rizíst/
maintain(ing) /meintéin(in)/
191
weaken(ing) /wikǝn(in)/
10!
mechanism /mékənizǝm/
3.
similar /símələr/
(be) accustomed to
②
work out
Name
火
厳しい
医学の
1572422
慣れている
筋肉
反抗する
維持する
諦める
AB
似ている
~に慣れる
解決する
①to stop yourself from having something that you like very much or doing something that you want
to do
2 relating to medicine and the treatment of disease or injury:
3) part of a machine or a set of parts that does a particular job:
(4) ( ) conditions are difficult to live in and very uncomfortable
(5 one of the pieces of flesh inside your body that you use in order to move, and that connect your
bones together
6 in some way, or by some means, although you do not know how:
⑦almost the same
8 the small red planet that is fourth in order from the sun and is nearest the Earth
9 to make something continue in the same way or at the same standard as before:
(10) to make someone or something less powerful or less important, or to become less powerful
11 to be familiar with something and accept it as normal:

ページ9:

Date
2/22 (1) P63-65
L4-P3
Q1: How long is a round trip to Mars supposed to take ?
Toke
A1; It's supposed to take more than 500 days.
@2; What kind of food is preferred in space?
A2: Spicier food is.
< New words >
confine (動) 閉じ込める
コンファイン
★
stress (名) ストレス、緊張
lifestyle (*) ****
orbit (動)…の周りを回る
軌道を描いて回る
boredom (名)*退屈、倦怠
congestion (名) 混雑、充血
詰まること
fit (形) よい体調で
a great deal of AA. KA
similar to A Aに似ている
order (名) 秩序、命令、順番
spicy (形)、香辛料のきいた。ピリッとした posibly (副)ことによると~かもしれない
"スパイスの効いた
prefer (動) 好む好まれる
fluid (%) 12. 1
due (形) 当然与えられるべき
weight less ness (%)
taste (3)
measure (%) *
★
nasa ()

ページ10:

Part 3 (pp.63-65) Unicorn English Communication2: LESSON4 “The International Space Station "
予習は次の手順で行いましょう!
予習① 本文のCDを聞いて、次の質問に答えてみよう
↓
Q1: How long is a round trip to Mars supposed to take?
Q2: What kind of food is preferred in space?
予習2 次の新出単語の意味を確認しておこう(単語の意味とオリジナル例文をノートに書くこと)]
confine / stress / lifestyle / orbit / boredom / spicy / prefer / fluid / due
nasal/congestion
予習③次の項目を調べておこう
<p.63>.
11行目: Astronauts have stayed in space 438 days on end at the longest.
on end の意味を調べよう。 続けて
<<例文も訳してみよう≫ Mary has been absent for days on end.
○ at the longest の意味を調べよう。 メアリーは数日続けて欠席している。
一番長くて最長で
12行目 But a round trip to Mars is supposed to take more than 500 days.
訳してみよう
<辞書で調べよう>
< 辞書で調べよう>
(何日本)
○ a round trip の意味を調べよう.
往復旅行
~することに
~と考えられている
be
supposed to do の意味を調べよう~するはずである。
< 辞書で調べよう>
<<例文も訳してみよう>> He was supposed to come here at 8:00, but he arrived at 9:30.
なっている
○ more than A = over ) A
A以上
彼は8時にここにいたはずだが、
904年に到着したことになっていたが
14行目: Being confined in a small space for a long time is one of the psychological challenges, and this will cause
a great deal of stress on the astronauts.
○ Being confined... 動名詞の受動態
訳してみよう
文法 動名詞
< BT p.217>
this が指す内容は何か説明しなさい。
Being confined
a
small
space
for a long time
17行目: To decrease their stress, many measures are taken by astronauts to maintain a lifestyle as similar as
possible to that on Earth.
To decrease their stress. 不定詞の用法を調べよう
文法 不定詞 (目的)
訳してみよう
<➡ BT' p.176>
(動) 測る.
measure は多義語 名詞の意味を調べよう。 対策 take a measure <⇒辞書で調べよう>
as A as possible 比較級 (原級) の用法を調べよう。
文法 比較 (原級)
<BT p.319>
<p.65 >
できるだけ~
2行目: In order to keep their body clock in order, astronauts turn off the lights during the "night" time so that they
can follow the usual cycle of 24 hours a day.
訳してみよう
正常に、順調に 乱れて、故障女
in order (out x
(of)
) order 反対語は?
文法 接続詞 (目的)
< BT p.540>
○ so that~ 目的を表す副詞節の用法を調べよう.
S conV SがVできるように
8行目 One of the reasons for this is possibly because fluid goes up in the body due to weightlessness.
causing nasal congestion and reducing their sense of smell, which is a key part of taste.
AKTRISE
due to A の意味を調べよう。 Aのせいで、Aのために
<<例文も訳してみよう The trains stopped running due to the heavy snow.
その電車は大雪のために走るのを止めた。
訳してみよう
<辞書で調べよう>

ページ11:

Part 3
Just keeping the body fit / is not enough for a long-term stay in space.
*Astronauts have stayed in space / 438 days on end at the longest, /
but a round trip to Mars / is supposed to take more than 500 days.
Being confined in a small space for a long time / is one of the psychological
challenges, /
and this will cause a great deal of stress on the astronauts.
To decrease their stress, / many measures are taken by astronauts /
www
to maintain a lifestyle as similar as possible to that on Earth.
One of them is about sleep.
The ISS orbits the Earth in 90 minutes; / it has a 45-minute day and a 45-minute
1周には45分の昼と45分の夜がある。
night in one orbit.
*In order to keep their body clock in order, / astronauts turn off the lights during
the "night" time/
so that they can follow the usual cycle of 24 hours a day.
Food is also important. A variety of food is provided to avoid "meal boredom."
食べ飽き
Interestingly, /spicier food is preferred in space.
* One of the reasons for this / is possibly because fluid goes up in the body due to
weightlessness, /
無動のせいで体液が体の中で上がるから
causing nasal congestion and reducing their sense of smell, /which is a key part
of taste. その結果、鼻づまりを引き起こし、味覚の
大切な部分である嗅覚が弱まる。

ページ12:

Class
No.
Name
PART 3
NEW WORDS AND IDIOMS
confine(d) /konfáin(d)/
stress /strés/
lifestyle/láifstàil/
orbit(s) /5:rbit(s)/
boredom /b5:rdǝm/
spicier/spáisiǝr/ <spicy
prefer(red)/prifá:r(d)/
fluid /flú:id/
due /dú: | djú:/
nasal /néizǝl/
congestion/kandzéstfǝn/
on end
at the longest
be supposed to do
due to thanks to 1
MEANING
4
(8)
@
(2
1
10
(61)
⑤5
7.
4.3.
1) the feeling you have when you are bored, or the quality of being boring:
~することになっている
~のために
(2) the curved path travelled by an object which is moving around another much larger object such
as the Earth, the sun etc
(3) the state of part of the body being blocked with blood or mucus
4 to keep someone or something within the limits of a particular activity or subject
5. a liquid
6 to like someone or something more than someone or something else
(7) related to the nose
8 continuous feelings of worry about your work or personal life, that prevent you from relaxing
the way a person or group of people live, including the place they live in, the things they own,
10. food that is ( ) has a pleasantly strong taste, and gives you a pleasant burning feeling in
your mouth

ページ13:

7/22 (7) P65-66
L4-P4
@1: What is the first reason why the ISS
is called a
miniature Earth"?
A1 It's that the astronauts have to make do with limited
resources as we do on Earth.
@2; The ISS is a symbol of what?
symbol of our dream.
A2; It's a
< New words >
resource (2)
miniature (形) 小型の小規模な
コアレン
urine (%)
★
ミニチュアの
oxygen (3)*
the amount of A A
Sense (7).
in a sense ある意味で
power (名) 強国、大国
crew (%)
man-mode (I a
applicable (形) 応用できる。
★
very (形) まさに~
overcome (動)~を克服する、~に打ち勝つ
grondchildren (各)たち
progress (%) R
Construction (%)

ページ14:

Part 4 (pp.65-66) Unicorn English Communication2: LESSON4 "The International Space Station
予習は次の手順で行いましょう!
予習①: 本文のCDを聞いて、次の質問に答えてみよう
Q1: What is the first reason why the ISS is called a "miniature Earth"?
Q2: The ISS is a symbol of what?
予習②次の新出単語の意味を確認しておこう(単語の意味とオリジナル例文をノートに書くこと)
resource / miniature / urine / oxygen / crew / applicable overcome
grandchildren / progress / construction
予習③次の項目を調べておこう
<p.65 >
12行目
Besides facing those problems, we also have to establish a system (that would enable us to live in a
confined space with limited resources for a long time ).
訳してみよう
Aのほか
○ Besides A = ( in
x addition to
) A Aのほかさらに
○
<BT p.556>
a system that would enable us to live... 無生物主語で用いられる動詞.
人が~することを可能にさせる
15行目: Obviously, it is impossible to take all the necessary amount of air and water far into space.
○it は形式主語 far into space 宇宙のかなたに
16行目: The ISS is a "miniature Earth" in the sense that the astronauts have to make do with limited resources as
we do on Earth.
~という意味では
訳してみよう
最新曲は、 1番売れたという意味で
彼女のベストだと考えられている。
< 辞書で調べよう>
in the sense that の場合の sense の意味は? 意味
<<例文も訳してみよう>> Her latest song is thought to be her best in the sense that it sold best.
○ make do with A の意味を調べよう。Aで間に合わせる、Aで上手くやっていく<辞書で調べよう>
<<例文も訳してみよう The survivor of the accident made do with a very small amount of water.
as の用法を調べよう。その事故の生存者は本当に
<p.66> ~のように~と同様に わずかな水で間に合わせた。
接続詞
< BT p.541>
7行目: In no other situation have major world powers worked so closely together toward the same goal.
○ in no other situation 副詞句の強調による倒置
< BT p.552>
訳してみよう
Major world powers have worked so closely together toward the same goal in no other situation.
10行目: You may never visit another planet, but there is a good chance of your children or grandchildren living
outside the Earth.
○助動詞 may の意味を調べてみよう。 ~かもしれない 文法助動詞
O children-grandchildren = parent
-
( grondparents
)
訳してみよう
< BT p.119>
12行目: We are making progress little by little.
○ make progress の意味を調べよう。 進歩する
<辞書で調べよう>
<<例文も訳してみよう>> Playing in Spain, the soccer player made rapid progress in a year.
○ little by little の意味を調べよう。そのサッカー選手はスペインでサッカーをして辞書で調べよう>
少しずつ
1年のうちで急速に進歩した。

ページ15:

Part 4
*Besides facing those problems, /
we also have to establish a system/that would enable us to live in a confined
space/with limited resources for a long time.
私たちは長い間、限られた資源を使って閉じこめられた空間で生活できるようなシステムも
確立しなければならない。
Obviously, it is impossible /(to take all the necessary amount of air and water
far into space.)
宇宙のかなたに
* The ISS is a "miniature Earth" / in the sense that the astronauts have to make
do with limited resources/as we do on Earth.
have to make do with limited resources
Wastewater like urine, for example, / is recycled to produce drinking water,/
and some recycled water is also used / to produce oxygen for the crew.
This kind of technology / will also be applicable on Earth.
www
The ISS can be called a miniature Earth / in another sense as well.
It is the result of various challenges that were overcome by the teamwork of
people/from many different countries.
大国
In no other situation / have major world powers worked so closely together/
toward the same goal.
世界の主な大国が同じ目標に向けてこんなにも密接に力を合わせて
活動してきている状況は他には一つもありません。
You may never visit another planet, /but there is a good chance of your children
or grandchildren / living outside the Earth.
We are making progress little by little.
The huge man-made construction orbiting above us / is the very symbol of our
dream. 上空を周回している巨大な人工建造物は、私たちの夢の、まさに象である。

ページ16:

Class
No.
PART 4
NEW WORDS AND IDIOMS
resource(s) /ri:sx:rs(iz) |rizó:s(iz)/
miniature /miniatfariminatfa/
urine/júrǝn|júǝrin/
oxygen /áksid3ən 15ks-/
crew /krú:/
applicable /æplikǝbl lǝplíkǝbl/
overcome /òuvǝrkám/
grandchildren /grántfildrǝn/ <grandchild
progress /prógras | práugres/ n.
construction /kǝnstrákfǝn/
in the sense that
MEANING
[(7)
14.
11
5,
13.
Name
資源
小型の
尿
酸素
乗組員
応用できる
克服する
(8
孫
進展
16
建造物
make do with
make progress
little by little
1 the yellow liquid waste that comes out of the body from the bladder
(2) to successfully control a feeling or problem that prevents you from achieving something
3 all the people who work on a ship or plane
4 exactly like something or someone but much smaller
(5) a gas that has no color or smell, is present in air, and is necessary for most animals and plants to
live.
6 the process of building things such as houses, bridges, roads etc
something such as useful land, or minerals such as oil or coal, that exists in a country and can be
used to increase its wealth:
8 the process of getting better at doing something, or getting closer to finishing or achieving
something
9 if something is (
them
) to a particular person, group, or situation, it affects them or is related to
10) the child of your son or daughter