英語:仮定法重点

仮定法

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最後の2ページは短縮版です。

2018.01.17 公開

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ページ1:

• c o o
仮定法
No.
Date
定義 仮定法とは、妄想、非現実または起こりそうにないこと!!
<仮定法過去 >
If I knew his phone number, I could call him.
もし彼の番号を知っていれば、彼に電話できるだろうに。
<仮定法過去完了>
(今)
If I had known his phone number, I could have called him.
もし彼の番号を知っていたら、彼に電話できただろうに。
(あの時)
(あの時)
Point
力完了形
キュリ②
動詞の過去形は現在の自分からの距離をあらわしている!!
カコ形 キョリ①
→(現実)
ちなみに…
大
カコ
現在
助動詞の過去形を
形
→(非現実)
使った依頼は相手と
の距離があく丁寧
カコ完了形
キョリ②
重要表現
・I wish 仮定法:If only 仮定法/~ならいいのになぁ。
I wish it were Sunday today. (= If only it were
↓あそうにない。
I hope you are free
today.
Pe you!
Sunday today.)
今日が日曜だったらなぁ、
君が今日ヒマならいいんだけれど
・ It is (high/about) time 仮定法/~していてもよい時間だ
It is time you got a haircut. 君は散髪してもよいころだ。
if it were not for A もしAがなければ(今)
・without A, but forA
● if it had not been forA
もしAがなかったら(あの時)
もしAがなければorなかったら(今)(あの時)
Without
But for
If it were not for his help, I could not finish this work.
彼の助けがなければ、この仕事を終えられないだろう。
If it had not been for his help, I could not have finish this work,
彼の助けがなかったら、この仕事は終えられなかっただろう
KOKUYO LOOSE-LEAF -8368T 8mm rued

ページ2:

.
Sas if SD
★①がカユ形→①と同時点
①がカコ完了形→①の1つカコ
He talks as if he were a teacher.
He looks as if he had seen a ghost.
He talked as if he were a teacher.
カコ
③主語
① 動詞
He looked as if he had seen
a
カコ
大カ
ghost.
未来
•
•
⑤ were to ~/もしこれから~したら(ありそうにないけれど)
should もし万が一これから~したら
If he were to hear of your failure, he would be surprised.
もし彼が君の失敗を聞いたら、彼は驚くだろう。
If anything should happen to you, I would help you.
もし万あなたに何か起こったら、私が助けてあげます。
○○○○○

ページ3:

ifの省略
① If were
Were S~
⇒ Had ~
If
had Vp.p.~~
③ If should V原形)~
⇒Should
疑問文語順に変化
~
(注意) 一般動詞にこの形は使えない。(x Lived I in Osaka...)
if以外に仮定の意味を含む語句
⑤にa+名がくる場合
A careful driver could have avoided the accident.
b(If he, were a careful driver, he could have avoided the accident.)
(she)
副詞
・ otherwise : そうでなければ
I tooka taxi otherwise I would have been late for the mes
Lotherwiseはり詞だから2文を接続できない!
2文をしている!
meeting.
⇒はand, but, because促す
私はタクシーに乗った。さもないと会議に遅れていたろう
otherwise は
other+waysでできている!!
これらはすべて other wise
.
現実の道とはちがう他の道だから仮定の意味をもつ!
With A 仮定法 Without A 仮定法
With a little more time, I could finish it.
↑(If I had a little more time, ~)
to不定詞
To hear her speak English, you'd take her for an American.
(If I were) (If you heard her speak English, ~)
※ take A for B:AをBとまちがえる。
KOKUYO LOOSE-LEAF8A7mm ruledx31 Iines

ページ4:

No.
副詞
Five minute earlier, you would have attended his lecture.
If
had
you
come) 5分早ければ・・・
In your place, I would not miss the chance.
↑(If I were)君の立場にいれば・・
Another
(If
You
and
step,
Lyou would have fallen over the diff
hod taken) もう一歩進んでいたら・・・
Given the chance, I'd spend all day listening
to jazz.
かけ

ページ5:

No.
Date
仮定法:妄想(非現実)の話は動詞を1コ過去へ
-If I knew her phone number, I would call her.
⇒彼女の電話番号を(今)知っていたら、(今)彼女に電話するのに、
※イメージ
VHote
V完了
現実
→妄想(非現実)
※カコ形はキョリを表す
Can
Could
you open
the door?
open
the door?
のキョリ
[21
完了
Vカコ形
7. Irish 仮定法
(ありえていないこと、ありえそうにないことを願う
I wish I were agirl
↑仮定法だと強固
(cf) ・ I wish she would be fine.
I hope. she will be fine.
(ありえそうなことを望む。
2. It's (high/about) time 仮定法
It's time you went to bed 寝てるという妄想
時
■3.もLAがなければ・・・
If it were not for A (今) Aがなければ
(If it had not been for A(あのとき)Aがなかったら
※書きかえ「But for A }時制)
Twith out A.
•If it were not for waterl, all living things would die.

ページ6:

No.
Q
③未来に対する仮定(絶対にありえないけれど)
ありえないこと前提!!
① were to...もしこれから・・・したら
② should
•
(方がー
もしこれから…したら
If the sun were te rise in the west / I would mar
marryen
him.
If
I my ex-boyfriend should come to see me/, let me know.
④仮定法におけるifの省略
※パターン
.
•If 5) were ~,...
Were ~...
・If ShadVp.De
・If S should V原形
...
Should V原形~
⑤ if以外の語句に仮定の意味が含まれる場合
1.A+名詞/would
S
Awise
could
Inight)
誰でもいいけど
[例外]一般
命令文2
If I knew her phone number,
: man wouldn't do that!
もしそうでなければ
2. Otherwise
Did I know her phone number.
・He studied hard; otherwish, he might have failed the test.
選んだ道(現実)
He otherwise (other + ways.マイヤの道たち(赤)
3. with A., 仮定法
もしAがあれば
e
・With
I your help, I would have succeeded.