ページ1:

テーマ1 地球環境
2
法政大学
参照チェックノート p.4
430 words
代価が
必要!
政策
1 These days, visitors can still see amazing biodiversity* all over Costa Rica. More than 25
percent of the country is a protected area thanks to a unique system designed to preserve
設計された。
its richness of plants and animals. Many countries could learn a lot from this system.
2 More than any nation, Costa Rica is insisting that economic growth and environmentalism work
5, together. If a chemical factory sells tons of fertilizer but pollutes a river, this is not honest
growth. You have to pay for using nature. It is called "payment for (A) environmental services"
RD
nobody gets to treat climate, water, coral, fish and forests as free anymore.
3)The process began in the 1990s when Costa Rica came to fully appreciate its incredible
bounty of biodiversity -and that its economic future lay in protecting it. So it did something
10 no country has ever done: it put energy, the environment, mines and water all under one
minister. When Costa Rica put one minister in charge of energy and the environment, "it
大臣が
~を担当して
created a very different way of thinking about how to solve problems," said Carlos M. Rodriguez,
140 who served in that post from 2002 to 2006. "The environment sector was able to influence
~に務める
再生可能エネ
the energy choices by saying: 'Look, if you want cheap energy, the cheapest energy (B) in the
15 long run is renewable energy. So let's not think just about the next six months; let's think out
25 years."
「3の結果
power, wind and geo-thermal*3,
4 As a result, Costa Rica invested hugely in hydro-electric*²
and today it gets more than 95 percent of its energy from these renewables. In 1985, it was 50
percent hydro, 50 percent oil. More interesting, Costa Rica discovered its own oil five years ago
20 but decided to ban drilling
so as not to pollute its politics or environment!
in order not to
5 (2) Mr. Rodriguez also helped to pioneer the idea that in a country like Costa Rica, dependent
on tourism and agriculture, the services provided by ecosystems were important drivers of
growth and had to be paid for.
To pay for these environmental services, in 1997 Costa Rica imposed a tax on carbon
3.5 percent of the market value of fossil fuels
25 emissions
-
which pays (indigenous
communities for protecting the forests around them. The country also imposed a water tax
whereby major water users had to pay villagers upstream.
それによって、
の
RL R
7 As we debate a new energy future, we need to remember that nature provides this incredible
range of economic services. If government policies don't recognize those services and pay
<結論>
30 the people who sustain nature's ability to provide them, we end up impoverishing both nature and
結局することになる
people.
appreciate は、人を目的語にとらない。
biodiversity: 生物の多様性 2 hydro-electric L
*3 geo-thermal: *

ページ2:

View
Point ここに注目! 環境保護と経済発展を両立させるコスタリカから学ぶべき点とは?
解答
1
(A)
4
(B) ③
(C) 2
2 (ア)
(イ) ③
3 オイルマネーによる政治腐敗を避け、環境も保護するため。
4 (1) そのプロセスは、コスタリカが、自国の生物の多様性が信じがたいほど豊かであり,また自国
経済の未来がその保護にかかっているということを,十分に理解するようになってきた 1990
年代に始まった。
(2) ロドリゲス氏はまた、コスタリカのように観光と農業に依存する国では,生態系が提供してく
れるサービスが成長の重要な原動力となっており、 それに対して代価を払わなければならないと
いう考え方を他に先駆けて広めるのにも一役買った。
Scanning Training ( 1 ) ×
(2)x
(3)
(4)
×
×