英語 駿台パックV 2016

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ページ1:

文 (第4問)
50
Date
200
12
駿台 パック✓ 第1回
2710
$419
第4問
A
Forest resources have long been important to humans. They provide
energy in the form of fuel wood, as well as building material in the form
of timber. In recent years much attention has been focused on the use of
biomass as a source of energy that can replace oil and other non-renewable
sources. Burning wood as fuel is extremely inefficient, so the main focus
around the world has been on biomass-derived fuels (so-called "biofuels").
These are typically made using plants with high ratios of sugar or refined
from plant-derived oils such as palm oil.
Of the 3.4 billion m3 of forest cut down annually worldwide,
approximately half is used as fuel. This is a volume approximately equal
to the volume of Japan's entire naturally growing stock of forests (1.8
billion m³). This means that the use of wood as fuel has a significant
25
impact on forest resources on a global scale." The amount of wood used
as fuel is particularly large in Africa, Asia, and South America, where
more than 50 percent of the wood from harvested trees ends up as fuel, as
compared with Europe and North and Central America, where the figures
range from about 10 to 20 percent (See Table 1). Due to poverty, a larger
35
percentage of wood is used as fuel in Africa than in any other region.
With growing demand for food in recent years, the amount of land
used for agriculture has been increasing and the sizes of forests have
been decreasing, primarily in tropical areas in Africa, South America,
and Southeast Asia. Because official data do not reflect illegal logging
and other unreported forest destruction, there are concerns that actual
decreases in the amount of forested land may be far greater than official
figures show.

ページ2:

Tom
な
トン100
Earth's forests must be protected. In areas where a decline in forest
resources can be observed, it is necessary to improve governance in forest
management. Because poverty and the need for more food are often
behind forest destruction, proper management must include anti-poverty
measures. In addition, international promotion of alternative biomass
energy sources such as waste biomass may make it less likely that
impoverished local people will destroy forests to grow crops to be used in
the production of biofuels.
Table 1
900
800
700
600
Trends in Wood Use (By Region)
1 million m³
500
400
300
200
100
0
122 122 122 122
900
900
90
005
900
005
900 900
900 900
005 005
900
900 900
005 005
(A)
(B)
North and
Central
America
South
Oceania
America
Wood fuel
Industrial Timber
(国連食糧農業機関の“Global Forest Resources Assessment 2010" を参考に
環境省が作成)
Which of the following combinations represents the three (A). (B) and (c)
in Table 1 35
A) Africa
regions
*kt (4): 18). (C)}; fetustunut kep
(B) Asia
▷本・Table 1参照
(C) Europe
(A) Africa
(B) Europe
Ase
(A) Asia
(B) Africa
(c) Europe
(A) Asia
(B) Europe
(e) Europe
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