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数学 高校生

この問題なんですが、丸で囲んだ3と2はどこからきた数字かが分かりません!誰か解説してくださると嬉しいです。宜しくお願いいたします🙇

3 漸化式と数学的帰納法 (73) B 例題 B1.33 漸化式 an+1=pan+f(n) (p≠1) **** a1=3, am+1=3am +2n+3 で定義される数列{a} の一般項 α を求めよ. 考え方 ■1漸化式 +1=3a+2n+3 において,見をしつ先に進めてα+2とQs+)に関す る関係式を作り,差をとってに関する漸化式を導く。 wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww 2αに加える(または引く)nの1次式pn+g を決定することにより, {an+pn+g} が等比数列になるようにする. 解答 -1 an+1=3a+2n+3 ante= 30+1+2(n+1)+3 ......② ② ① より an+2an+1=3(an+1-am)+2 buvandy とおくと, ~~~ b+1=36+2, b=a-a=3a,+2+3-a=11 り bn+1+1=3(b+1), b1+1=12 したがって, 数列{bm+1}は初項 12. 公比3の等比数列 だから, bm+1=12・3" =4・3" b=4.3"-1 -1 ②は①のnn+1 を代入したもの 差を作り, nを消去 する. ①より, a2=3a,+2+3=14 α=3α+2 より α=-1 12・3"=4・3・3"-1 =4.3" 2のとき -1 an a+b=3+Σ(4·3-1)=3+1 12(3"-1-1) --(n-1) k=1 k=1 3-1 =6.3" '-n-2=2・3"-n-2 n=1のとき,a=2・3-1-2=3 より成り立つ. 6.3" =2・3・3"-1 =2.3" よって, an=2.3"-n-2 どこかち? 解答 -2pg を定数とし, au+1+p(n+1)+q=3an+pn+g) とおくと an+1=3an+2pn+2g-p うちの もとの漸化式と比較して, 2p=2, 2g-p=3より,p=1,g=2 したがって, att(n+1)+2=3(a+n+2), a1+1+2=6 いい!!より、数列{an+nは初項 6. 公比3の等比数列 よって, an+n+2=6・3" '=23" より. Focus 練習 どこから n=1のときを確認 an+1+pn+p+g =3a+3pn+3g よ り, an+1=3a+2p2 +2q- an=2.3"-n-2a1=3 an+1=pan+f(n) (f(n) はnの1次式) 差を作り, n を消去して階差数列を利用して考える 注〉 例題 B1.32 (p.B1-53) のように例題 B1.33 でも特性方程式を使うと, α=3a+2n+3 3 りα=-n- となる。これより、au+2=3(mjn+12) 順番になっていない と変形できるが, 等比数列を表していないので,このことを用いることはできない 注意しよう. (p. B1-56 解説参照) 1=2+1=20-2n+1 (n=1, 2, 3, ...) によって定められる数列{a} B1.33 ついて ** (1) by=a-(an+β) とおいて, 数列 {bm} が等比数列になるように定数α. の値を定めよ. (2) 一般項 α を求めよ. (滋賀

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英語 高校生

付箋で貼った2文がどうしてそのような訳になるのかわかりません。

た次の英文を読み, 設問に答えなさい。 (学習院 法学部 2022年) Society is everything. Many of us go through life thinking we are self-made and self-sufficient. Some may credit (or blame) their families for success or failure in life, but rarely do we think about (1) the bigger forces (that determine our destinies - the country we happen to be born in, the social attitudes common at a particular moment in history, the institutions that govern our economy and politics, and the randomness of just plain luck. These wider factors determine the kind of society in which we live and are the most important determinants of our human experience. 2 Consider an example of a life in which society plays a very (X) role. In 2004 I spent time with a family in the Ecuadorian Amazon*. Antonia, my host, had twelve children, and her oldest daughter was about to give birth to her first grandchild. They lived on the edge of the rainforest with no road, electricity, clean water or sanitation*. There was a school, but a considerable distance away, (Y) the children's attendance was irregular However, Antonia was a community health worker and had access via radio* to a doctor in a nearby town who could provide advice to her and others. Apart from this service (arranged by a charity), she and her husband had to be completely self-reliant gathering food from the forest, educating their children on how to survive in their environment. On the rare occasions when they needed something they could not find or make themselves (like a cooking pot), they searched for bits of gold in the Amazon, which they could exchange for goods in a market at the end of a long journey by boat. 3 This may seem like a very extreme and distant example, but it serves to remind us how accustomed we are to the things that living collectively gives us infrastructure, education and health care, laws that enable markets in which we can earn incomes and access goods and services. Antonia and her daughter promised to name the baby (they were Minouche, (2) which was a great honour. I often wonder what kind of life that other Minouche will be having as a result of being born in a very different society. V+ re expecting The way a society is structured has profound consequences for the lives of those living in it and the kinds of opportunity they face. It determines not just their material conditions but also their well-being, relationships and life The structure of society is determined by institutions such astical and legal systems, the economy, the way in which family and community life are organized. All societies choose to have some things left to individuals and others determined collectively. The rules governing how ? those collective institutions operate form what might be called the social contract, which 1 believe is the most important determinant of the kinds of lives we lead. Because it is so important and because most people cannot easily leave their societies, the social contract requires (Z) of the majority and necessary changes ás circumstances change. VF vf ⑤We are living at a time when, in many societies. people feel disappointed by the social contract and (3) the life it offers them. This is despite the huge gains in material progress the world has seen over the last 50 years. Surveys Social contract people

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