ページ1:

英文法 「分詞構文」
○文章の中で副詞として分詞を使う。
°
分詞構文の意味
a) 同時「~しながら」
付帯状況
た)連続「~して、そして」
〇分詞構文の作り方
a) 同時
c) 時「~するとき」(when節)
d) 理由 「~なので」 (because節)
e) 条件「~すれば」「~したなら」(if節)
f) 譲歩「~だけれども」
Tom was cooking in the kitchen. He was listening to music.
①時制
一致している(過去)
分詞構文になる!!
・時制が一致している
⇒現在分詞
Tom was cooking in the kitchen, he listening to music.
②主語
しゅ一致している(Tom=he)
↓
省略
Tom was cooking in the kitchen, listening to music.
連続
She took a key out of her bag and then opened the door.
①時制 一致している
②主語
→同じ
③主文の選択⇒後半の方が主文である
前半を分詞構文にする
Taking a key out of her bag, she opened the door.

ページ2:

c) 時
When I looked up, I saw a lot of stars in the sky.
Looking up, I saw a lot of stars in the sky.
d) 理由
Because he felt
felt cold, he
puts on his coat.
Feling cold, he put on his coat.
*否定形の分詞構文 <not+~ing [~ed]>
☆受動態の分詞構文
Because it is written in simple English, the book is easy to read.
Being written in simple English, the book is easy to read.
通常省略する(省略しないとき 理由の意味を強調)
Witten in single English, the book is easy to read.
*時制が一致しない時の分詞構文→完了形を用いる
Because I had seen the movie before, Ididn't want to go to see it again.
大過去
過去
Having seen the movie before, I didnt want to goto see it again.
*主語が一致しない時の分詞構文→主語は残す=独立分詞構文
Since the room
was hot, I opened the window.
一致しない
The room
being hot, I opened the window.
(there is [ove]の存在の文は、there being として thereを残す)