ページ3:

highly
(2) I agree with the author's opinion (partly.) It might not be denied
同じまち
that the Japanese people think more of English than other languages
even
even today, when new countries, such as China, are becoming prosperous.
• But * English cannot explain ditepils of cultures in the world
Wane
to
tobe
who
ability
because English was madel by ancient people in Europe, which
has a small number of culture of thousands of cultures on the
planee. However, it is also denied that English is the most
convenient language and used by a lot of people. For scholars,
it is inevitable to write papers in English. For students.
Study abroad, it is also needed to have sufficient.
to use English. For almost all ordinary people, to lose English
be connected with the world. In addition,
Japan is relatively less culturally diverse society. In other words,
there are fewer foreign people in Japan than in other countries.
So it is quite
natural for the Japanese people to put weight
English. To conclude, as the author says, it is certainly
Strange that Japan's deplomacy is carried our vie for English.
But the inclination of the ordinary Japanese people to??
think much of English does not always deserve blame.
is the easiest way
on
600p

ページ4:

explain
(人が)~を説明する。明らかにする
(物事が)~の原因を説明する。への説明となる
ex.
That explains her silence.
That's why she is silent.
to show or make known a
feeling.
can opinion.by words, looks or actions
express
(人、行動・表情・言葉などが)!(思想・感情など)を表現する
を(人に)述べる
[express oneself] 自分の考え・感情を述べる、表現する
[express itseof] (感情が)外に出る
(符号・記号などが)を表す
I can't express how happy I am now.
Words can't express my gratitude to you.
The clenched fist expressed his anger
Her grief expressed icself in tears.
(彼女の深い悲しみは涙となって現れた)
express myself (自己表現をする)
to become obvious ina
particular vol.

ページ5:

世界中の国々の言語で蓄えられた文化は、英語にはそのうちの
微々たるものしか翻訳されていません。
stored
Most of all cultures in the world expressed in each country's
language are not translated into English.
have been
日本人は、英語の経済力とか軍事力に頼って生きていこうとしているから
英語を重要視している。これは英語に対して失礼だ。
The Japanese people think highly of English mostly because
on economic and military power of
they attempt to rely
the countries in which people use English
as their official
language. This reason for learning English is unacceptable.
交流を深める・・・ boost exchanges, deepen exchanges
交流を通して·····through interaction

ページ6:

14
外大 08
再再
(1) Real internationalization is to establish first-hand
Nation
relationships. These first-hand relationships lead us to understand
each country's culture. But the Japanese people think that
they can make friendships with forcing countries through English.
alone. Japanese idea about internationalization appears in
are
(establish)
the way
of
communication in the Summit. Meeting in the Summit
progresses through simultaneous translation of six language, English,
French, German, Italian, Russian, and Japanese. Of six languages,
only Japanese is translated into other languages through English,
while other four languages,
directly into other languages
It means that only Japan
"nation relationships by way
of
English while each nation establish such close and strong relationship
Language is not
only a tool for communication but also a tool for
thinking. Language includes history, culture, and view of the world
of people who have been using it. So Japan fails to convey
details of Japanese words' meanings by communicating through
English. In spite of this fact that we can't express all cultures
in the world only by English, Japan believe that they can
know all about the world by using English.
learn.
171856231

ページ7:

(2) I have some questions about the author's opinion that the
Sapanese people think too highly of English. Certainly,
we are forced to learn English from junior high school
to unversity. There are
English.
The
way
books about ways
of
many
of translation in the Summit is also
Gearn
acquiring
Surprising, and it is a problem. However, & Do the Japanese people
really think that they can know all of the world by English?
It is obvious that English is now the official language of
some countries, or is used all over the world. Scholars who
work world wide have to write their papers in English.
There are traffic signs written in English everywhere in the world.
you want to be connected with people in the world, English
Is the most convenient tool. I think that's why the Japanese
people think highly of English. But that does not mean people
think that they
Ican get everthing by using English. One evidence is
that many people want to aquire the skill to use other languages
such as Russian, Korean, or French, in order to know deeply
about histories, literatures, or -spirits of countries where they are
used. To conclude, the Japanese people think much of English
merely because it is most convenient.
Fu!
発信する… dispatch,
send out,
Share with
現
Txit of 3. mix with, mingle, come together, get to know
文化交流
***
cultural exchange
meeting place.

ページ8:

お茶女2011前
I cultivate potatos and tomatos in my own patch
because I think that people who have or
produce "food" are (strong,
This idea comes from the memory of my grandmother, who
the war, when there was not
had difficulties through her life due, to not being
"
a farmer enough
prod
These days, more people are interested in "food." Many people
Seek "safety", "healing!!" or "mental wealth." Some unique
Companies recommend their workers to do agriculture so that
is lowered
they can live with spiritual richness if their
salary
すばらい!(覚えておくと便利!
due to recent depression. This attempt will contribute to
encouragement
of "Work-Life-Balance." Self-agriculture
is also helpful to
a
family budget because people can cut down
slightly their expenditure. j.
お茶女2009前期
さい!
(90°/3)
There are two ways of working. One is to concentrate on
tasks in order to complete in short time. Another is to work
for long term with keeping slow pace
former. Therefore, they frequently say
"
The Japanes people are the
work!
You did hard work
An example of the latter is people in Bali. They enjoy playing
music instruments or singing even after working
OKです!
hard
working. They seem
to know how they work without fatigue. For them and many
To Orsukaresana
other foreign people, Japanese appreciation for each other's effort
Sounds strange. I recommend the Japanese people to refer
to the working style people in Bali do.
90008011

ページ9:

お茶 1201 後期
disciplined
It is often said that the past family taught their children
how they behave move strictly than now. In fact, it was
were
only people in rich class that taught children manners or
moral strictly. In ordinary families of the past, on the other hand,
people took it for granted that children was brought up
without discipline of basic practices. except discipline
related labor. Nevertheless, scholars, intellectual people
politicians, many of whom were born to rich families,
unreasonably magnify their memories of discipline and
assert that the past discipline was more stricty.)
お茶女 2010 前期
houses
90%
My home were full of things which were left by my parents.
who died and my son who married because I couldn't
clear
My
house for long time. The reason why I couldn't clear
my house was that I felt attachment and regret to these
things which absorbed my family's history. Then I found
that it was the best to polish my ability not to throw away
them but to remain them. To my surprise, after this discovery,
unnecessary things came to clear. Finally, I began
try cleaning my house.
to
or
80%

ページ10:

東大 07
発想や考え方を言語化するのは詩人だが、その詩の意味を解釈するのは
読者である。しかし、このように読者を意味の源泉として強調するのは、
問題かもしれない。なぜなら、みんなが正しいと思う解釈と、
雑で、正当化できないものとの区別は難しく、また、読書はしばしば
作者が意図しない、あるいは他の読書が感じていない独自の意味を
与えるからだ。読むことは、一種の相互作用である。故に、
作者と読者のどちらが意味を決めるかを、明確に区別することはできない。
よいです!
東X05
トップレベルのスポーツ選手の指導の経験や、偉大なスポーツ選手を見て
気づいたことは、人間は生まれながらに自然なリズム感や調和感覚を
もっていて、それらを探し出し、維持することで、すぐれた動きを常に
できるようになることだ。

ページ11:

東大 06
民主主義では、市民が利益実現のために活動し、政府に働きかける。
これを可能にするには、意見表明と平等が不可欠である。
しかし、平等な政治参加という理想を実現している民主主義国家はない。
だけでは
政治的活動に積極的に参加する者もいれば、しない人も、
△
C.その参政者は、市民全体の代表者ではないのだ。
とてもよいです。

ページ12:

外大 201 再再!!
(1) Asking "why" about sports or rules is sign of people's desire
°
of
of
or what is understanding, which is, the
P
C:
to know more about spores or interest in history and development
of spores. And it also shows people's intention to be related to
sports agressively. On the contrary, not asking "why" means people
have no interest in development and regress spores.
For example,
as Mr. Morimura, an artist, says, school teachers or
Commentators on TV or radio often advise children or watchers Fo
enjoy works
" as they want."? But just looking at works conveys
nothing to us. Thinking is also required. On the other hand, commentators
often explain what is thinking I
apposite to "looking as we want. Similarily, the purpose of a
Sports commentators on TV is to raise the level of people's understanding
sports. And asking "why" and the answers to the question
make these comments better or meaningful. So asking "why" about.
rules of sports or their existence is necessary for raising people's
level of enjoyment of cultures, and not teaching those who
are responsible for the future of sports to do so is equivalent to
abandoment of cultivating them. Moreover, Japan has to
ask "why" more positively than western countries because it
introduced sports from foreign countries. If the Japanese people
don't ask "why", they can not understand spores deeply. However,
they rarely ask "why" because they have received.
Sports
spread them with skill-centered view. To change this situation,
we should blame this view which puts weight on competition.
But Japanese sports lovers rarely realize this problem because
they weren't taught to ask "why" and beleive that more medals
better
and
85%

ページ13:

(2) I
agree
asking
with the author's opinion. For both players and watchers.,
viewers
"
and enjoy is essential in order to develop the level of sports
·O.K
sports more interesting. For instance, I have been
a swimmer for about ten years. I swim and swim everyday to make
my new record. In the course of ten-year practice, what I realized
was that I cannot be a faster swimmer just by swimming.
Could no
In addition to hard practice, it is necessary to think why I am not
faster than other team members i
anatize the differences between
my body and
movement
of
"that swinnend to change my swimming
style better. Professional sports players also practice with thinking,
Course. One famous male athlete, who is around forty.
studies sports science and makes his original training method
In order to keep his mascle's power and to keep winning in top-
level sports matches. As for watchers, having questions about
rules or the reason for the difference between winners and losers
is important, too, because watching sports can be more amuza
Ice skating, for example, is one of famous and popular sports in Japan.
But how many people know the way of rating performance? Probably
Imany people think all performances are equally nice and beautiful
so that they can not understand the reason for rank. If people
learn the way
rating, they will come to learn which
performance is good or bad, and then, ice skating will be a more
interesting spore to To conclude, asking "why" is "integral pare
of
pare
of
of
develo
•pment
of
sports.
85010

ページ14:

後世に伝える bring down
hand down
pass
down
情報を伝える
pass on
communicate, convey, give,
Transfer, transmit
$24223 Communicate, express, extend, tell, give, convey
interpretation of the world.
perspective of the world.
view of the world

ページ15:

民族中心主義
ethnocentrism
biz" self-centeredness
アメリカ中心主義 America-centrism
ヨーロッパ中心主義 Euro-centism(
androcentrism
E3 place (put, set) much (great, a high) value on
place emphasis on
emphasize
value
put Weight
on ~
consider ~ to be important
ある程度努力する
exert some effort to
ある程度関係している be in some way related to
築く
Set up a system
Constract a foundation
build a
partnership
develop a relationship

ページ16:

排出をへらす。
負荷をへらす
reduce emissions
reduce the load
影響をへらす
reduce influence diminish the effect
機会をへらす
lessen the chance
リスクをへらす
reduce the risk
decrease the risk
不透明性をへらす
使用をへらす
decrease transparency
reduce the usage
lessen one's use
reduce
大きさ、量、程度
態度を取る hold an attitude, produce a mindset, asume an attirndle
示す
Show an attitude
態度 attitude (相手と接しているときの)
behavior
perspective (物事に対する)
stand (ある問題に対する)
言動 language and behavior
言葉のかべ language bavier
言語の複雑性 language complexity

ページ17:

SILS 2010
国籍についての近代的な考え方が最初に生まれた19世紀初頭以来、国籍を扱
う規則には際だって異なった2つがある。ひとつは、ラテン語で「生まれの法則」という
意味のjus schi として知られているもので、国籍は生まれた場所で決まるという規則だ。
もうひとつは、「血の法則」を意味する jus sanguinisで、先祖によって国籍が決まるとい
→規則だ。フランスでは前者を、ドイツでは後者を採用している。親子が同じ国で生まれ
ている限りはあまり重要ではなかった違いだが、移民が増えるにつれて、その重要性は
高まっている。実際、イギリスのように、イギリス国籍取得の条件を一方の親がイギリス人が1
イギリスに関係が強い人であることに法律を改正して定めた国もある一方、ドイツは法
改正をして、先祖がドイツ人でなくてもドイツ国民になることを許した。
I
"Luck has nothing to do with success" ?
Lountries.
agree with this proposal. Some might disagree because our birth plaue
or sex is one of the factors needed for success, and we cannot choose
them. It might be the
ichen we talk about people in extremely poor
『I can't
say to those who eat a piece of bread a day that they should
make more efforts because if chay do, they can be successfules But in places
people can live without losing their dignity.
ras human beings, efforts are more
ikely to lead us to success rather than luck, The reason
for
my opinion is
Simple. The reason is that luck follows a lot of efforts. You can understand by
magining Nobel-prized phisicians who by accident discovered a solution for difficule
problems after long-term many effores. Luck never emerge without efforce.)
全体的によいです!!
850円
」の部分が
「
わかりにくい。

ページ18:

SILS 2009
おそ、外国語の教育ほど、厳しく批難される日本の教育制度の側面は
ないだろう。明治のはじめ、口語としての英語は非常に尊敬を受けていたが、
20世紀はじめまでに、日本人の外国語学習に対する興味、とりわけ英語を話すこと
に関しては、減少してしまった。国家主義の高まりで、多くの外国人教師が、必ずしも
口語としての英語に精通しているわけではない純日本人に代わられ、それと同じ時期に、
-日本の高等教育はますます選択的な構造を取り、有能な学生のほとんどを数少ない
エリート学校へ向けてしまった。その構造とはつまり、結果的に入試の重要性を拡大させた
■厳しい競争である。この競争が、今度は大学入学前のレベルでの英語の教育方法に
日影響し、そしてすぐに、英語はコミュニケーションの基盤というよりはむしろ、学生を分類
する道具となってしまった。
agree
I with this proposal. I think a blind respect for authority often
● blurs the truth that we should know because authority is not always
- honest or correct. Rather, authority often becomes dishonest to us,
ordinary people, or incorrect in tmth on purpose because those who are
in authority are reluctant to tell us truth which might work infavorably
■to them. Japanese government and electric power companies, for example,
have told us that nuclear power plants were safe, which was been revealed
三 to be a completely lie by the accident of Fukushima nuclear power plants.
In We, as individuals in a democratic country, have never to have a blind respect for
authority in order hot To suffer information only for authority's profit.

ページ19:

外大 2005
決してわからなくはないが、明解ではない。
(1)要約
Though it is often said that European languages. are very logical...
(They do not always talk with thinking about grammer. They causually
Speak shoten language in conversation, while they concern about grammer.
when they write a passage) (Contrarily. Japanese people ourite in the
Same style that they use in conversation. because they apply an idea
in conversation that all they have to say is what the opponent doesn't.
know to writing JA German scholar of Japanese language said half way
on
the
means
"Japanese novels are not understandable if I read them from the midde
but they are understandable if I began to read
If the top, ising It
that Japanese language depends on circumstance or context. Therefore,
Japanese people make compositions by connecting elements that readers
might not know. The reason fort this Japanese writing style is that they
think more of relation or communication with people than language,
where only unfamiliar information is required. "Simply put, Japanese
people write a composition which relies on contexts or situations
like conversation.
35010
何となく書いている時は、伝わらないものです。
自分の言葉で、ある程度自分の確信を持って
書きたいですね。

ページ20:

(2)意見
1of the sentence
"
It is often said that Sapanese people
are very ambiguous compared to
Europeans or Americans. One of the reasons for this claim might be
conversation - like writing style as the author argues. Certainly,
we Japanese often omit subject while it, is essential for English.
Considering Japanese classic literature, such as
(shown)
subjects are rarely written. Namely Japanese
characteristic passed down from 1.000
• years ago. 4952-?
However, this Japanese distinct character is harshly blamed in coday's
Japanese society. That's because the field where Japanese people act
is no
→
the story of Genji,
is Japanese
could
ed
longer limitted to Japan in this globalizing world, where most people
can not share the situations or the contexts which have been shared.
only within Japan. Then some people say Japanese people should become
more clear like American people.
Of
course!
it is necessary to show clear behavior or make clear disicion
in some situations. But, as I mentioned above, ambiguity is Japanese
character. As the author says, this ambiguity comes from respect of
human relationship. This means that Japanese people can think
others' feeling and keep harmony within people. I think we shoud
take a look at this benefit of Japanese ambiguity and be proud of it.
a little more.
はっきりとものを言う
圧巻ですね! 900%
don't hesitate to
Say
what
you
think すばらしい!!
tell frankly
率直な、ざっくばらんな、歯にもの着せぬ
frank, candid, plain, blunt, open, outspoken.

ページ21:

外大 2005 要約部分書き直し
European languages
are said to be very logical. In fact, Expert
With
people do not always say complete sentences when they have conversation.
Omission
they often omit subjects and predicate What they write sentences, in turn,
They do not make million. On Contrary, the Japanese people omit
Subjects
DY
of conversation According to a
predicates of sentences even in writing in the same way
German scholar in Japanese language,
Japanese novels are extremely difficult to understand when one begins
reading half way. But they are understandable when one read from the
biggining ding. It means that? Japanese language depends
reason for this Japanese writing style is that the Japanese
contexts. The
on situations or
people think more of relation or communication with people itself.
than language. J
2
6000

ページ22:

only for the future.
外大2006 要約書き直し
Ogai Mori points out in his work that the Japanese people hun through
their life with aiming the future, but there is no life in the future.
?
Let's think about his words. Studying for entrance examination is one
example of the Japanese people's way of living? Students study in order
to enter univercities. Like this, the behavior which is not correspond to
its goal
can be named "passing through." Ogai put "living" the opposite
side of "passing through." But what is "living"? "Playing" is a "example
of "living." When people are playing, their purpose is to play. For. example,
I make a completed jigsaw puzzle into pieces after completing, or it
I cannot complete it, I don't think it was waste of time, because
of playing puzzle is to play puzzle and also I enjoyed my
making use of my peculiar ability. "Living" is to live the present time,
hot in the future.
the
-purpose
60%%
aim (~) the purpose of doing something / what sb is crying.
the action or skill of pointing a weapon at
(2) to try to achieve sch
to point or direct a weapon, a shoe
a kick...
achieve
to say or do sth that is intended to influence or affece
a particular person
br
group

ページ23:

外2008約書きなおし
"Failure is apt to be regarded as a negative thing. But actually
failure is precious experience which can give us a creative idea as
people have been said "Failure is the origin of success." In whatever
In
field people engage, they can learn from failure and think again more deeply.
I present Japanese education, regrettably, this idea that "Failure is
the origin of success" is hardly introduced. Rather, students are taught
spread?
way.
がない。
how they solve given problems in minimum time or how they avoid failure.
hot only in studying for entrance examinations but also in unversities.
That leads us to "lack of creativity", which is "Chegative point of the
Japanese people. " Certainly, there was the time when people could be
Successful by following someone's successful.
before. But today.
following past successful examples do not necessarily lead us to own
Success. So what is required now is creativity, which cannoe be developed
without failure. People cannot gain real creativity in the way of leaming
that the Japanese people have been used to. The primary thing
gaining creativity is not ability to answer the given problems but
ability to discover problems. on their own. J
for
88%%
(190)
すごい!

ページ24:

12 2011" English should be the only official language of Japan"
various
These days, some companies decided to use English as an official
language in their companies. And children have been forced to study
English from jounior highscool, and now, elementary schools are planning to
Introduce English as a compulsory subject. But I disagree with this
opinion think, English should be the official language of whole Japanese
society for two reasons. Firstly, Japanese people would lose multiple ways of
expression of feeling
or opinion, which the Japanese language provide for
The Japanese language is composed of hiragana, kacakana, and kanji. Now
We use them each in different ways. For example, if you want to give someone
Strong impression; you will use kanji. If you want to have someone feel mild;.
You will use hiragana. Using English as the official language of Japan means
that we threw away these diverse ways of expression with the Japanese
language. Secondly, the Japanese people " would dissappear.
"
Japanese, such as
because our mentality as a
developed by using the Japanese language for
we should keep using the Japanese language
us now.
in the future,
humility or compassion, is
our lives. Therefore, I think
as the official language, and also
learning English in order to act as Individuals in the world.
すごとく育の
多様な表現が
できなくなる
白人が
なくなってしまう
のぐらです。
ワセダ政経2011です。
とてもよい!
20分で125words でした・・・
30分くらいで完成しました
導入が長かったと思います。
850%
「
(204)
おねがいします。
汚なくてすみません。

ページ25:

外大 2011 要約
+(スポーツやそのルールに「なぜ?」と言わないことはスポーツの発を考えていない!
Generally, we need to think when we enjoy a culture. For example,
Mr. Morimura, an artist says, I hated appreciation of art as
a class outside school because my teacher scoldeme for my vacant
looking at works, although he had advised the students to watch
freely. I tried to look firmly as he said, but I could't know
how to look more firmly. So I just gazed at the but I couldn't
get any material to write a repore." And he insists, Just looking is not
enough. thinking is also needed." Thinking is needed not only in are
but also in sports. In order to raise the levd of enjoyment of. culture,
"
underscon
We need to ask "Why?" about rules or meaning of sports, which
I have own history. If players are not taught to ask "Why"," they
an will not develop. Moreover, almost all sports originally comes hom
本文
overseas. Therefore, we Japanese have to ask "Why” about spores
・絵画の例はこれを主張するためのもの。
more willingly than Europeans or Americans, and otherwise we cannot
understand sports fundamentally.」 「However, as you all lanow, the Japanese
people rarely ask "Why " about sports because receiving and prevailing
sports have been advanced with emphasis on skill.
・添削お願いします。
「
55%
(194)
ない
冒頭に「スポーツ」についての言及がないのは減点です。
まず骨格をざっくりと考えましょう。
①スポーツについて「なぜ?」を言わないことは、スポーツの衰退に!!
↓
②見だけではだめ!考えなきゃだめ!(絵画の例を通して)
↓
スポーツもそうだ!」
さ
④現在のスポーツの現状をスポーツ関係者さえわかっていない!

ページ26:

2010 要約
your
.... is having difficulty dealing
with such a problem.
would
is that
you
On an opion board on the Internet, a mother of a boy in junior high
School asked," I was surprised to be asked why. son if he could have dinner
in restaurant with friends. I had never thought like that when a junior high
school student. Am I behind the time? If I were in my place,
allow
child to do that ?" Many answereld that ~. -in
answers to this question is
junior high school students should eat dinner at home basically. But some said
that they would do like that after club activities, or that they have no idea
of any reason for denial. It seems that each family wonder to what degree
parents can allow their children's
eating out probably because there are more
casual-style restaurants than the past. Another mother who has a girl in
junior high school questioned, "Would
you
allow
your children to go to
Contact number
and
Tokyo Disney Land with friends?" The answer that it is more safety
than to go downtown was majority. But, there were some pieces of advice.
that it is necessary to set a emergency adress in advance, and
According t
I to a critic of education, it is recommendable for both children and potens
What accidents can happen when children go out, and how to avoid them.
On the other hand, a specialist of food education points out that children
often show bad manners when they eat out alone. He suggests" teaching
knowledge of food
go out.
or table manners before parents allow their children to
60%%
dine
抜きどころは大体おさえています。
あとは英文の明瞭さです。
よく頑張っています。
emergency contact number
dine out

ページ27:

"
早大 政経 2009 Supermarkets should
I
agree
with this opinion.
Stop giving customers free plastic bags."
I think supermarkets should sell plastic bags in order
to encourage costomers to bring their own environmentally friendly bags when
shopping. There are two reasons for my opinion. Firstly, as everyone knows
to stop giving free plastic bags will contribute to solving environmental
problems. For global warming, it reduces emission of carbon dioxide
When plastic bags are produced) For lack of natural resources we can reduce
the opportunity to use petroleum by stopping giving plastic bags. ;. And for garbage
problem of gabage in Cities, if we reduce using plastic bags, the amount of gapages
will decrease. Secondly, we will also receive the benefit of stopping giving
free plastic bags economically ? By selling plastic bags, we customers will
frequently buy
hesitate to use plastic bags. Then, supermarkets will reduce buying plastic bags:
from plastic bag makers. Because they can decrease the cost for plastic bags,c
they will cut down prices of some goods. In this way, Stopping giving freetic
plastic bags will benefit both environment and
Supermarkets should stop giving customers free plastic
Save
less
them
ourselves!
Therefore,
70%

ページ28:

外大 201
再再チャレンジ
要約
スポーツやそのルールについて「なぜ」と問うのは
その継承や発展に関心があり、積極的にかかわりたいという意志を示す
反対に、「なぜ」と問わないのはその発展や衰退に関心がないことを示す。
例: 森村の中学生のときの経験
見るだけではレポートを書くのに充分な知識を得られない
スポーツも同様である。
スポーツ番組の解説は人々のスポーツへの理解度の水準に高めるものであり、
「なぜ」と答えはこのような解説の内容を充実させるものだ
スポーツはその担い手たちによって継承・発展されてきたものであり、
そのルールや在り方について「なぜ」と問わないこと、問うことを教えないことは
これからの担い手の育成の放棄と同じだ。
まして日本はスポーツを外文化として輸入した。
ゆえに、欧米諸国以上に人々が積極的に問わなければならない
しかし、日本では「なぜ」と問うことが非常に少ない。
なぜならスポーツの受容や普が技能重視で行われてきたから
技能中心主義を克服するには、競争を重視する考え方の批判しかないが、
「なぜ」と問うことを学ばず、勝つことだけを考えている日本の
スポーツ愛好家たちは、これに気付くことは少ない。

ページ29:

Asking "Why" about sports or their rules shows a questioner's interest
in succession and development of sports and his or her will to engage in
sports actively. In contrary, not asking "Why" means that there is no
interest in development or decline of spores.
'
An artist, Mr. Morimura's experience in his child hood is one example.
When he went to a musiam as a lecture outside school, he looked at
paintings vacantly as his teacher advised him to look freely. But the teacher
scolded him and said, "You have to look more firmly." Then, he gazed at
paintings, but he couldn't get any material to write a report. He insists,
"Just looking
is not enough. Thinking is also needed." Simirally, commentators
of art on TV often explain thinking.
or understanding while they recommend"
that us to look freely.
Sports comments also raise the level of people's understanding, and
asking "Why" and answering to this question enrich the contents of
these comments.
"
Not asking "Why" or not teaching
of
to do so about the rules and the state
sports is equivalant to abandoment of raising players or other people
I have been passed over and developed by them.
Concerned,
because
sports
Moreover, sports are foreign culture for Japan. So the Japanese people
should ask more actively about spores than Eumpeans. or Americans
in order for people to understand sports deeply.
However, the Japanese people rarely ask "Why"." The reason is that
we have received and spread sports with thinking much of skill.
We have to blame the competition-centered way of thinking to revise
skill-centered view, but few lovers of sports realize this because they didn't
learn asking "Why" and just think how they win.

ページ30:

意見
I
Thim/her
are
asking reasons for rules of sports
or development
why will make
agree the author's opinion that asking "Why" is necessarty myth of spares
improve Japan's level of enjoyment of sports.) As for me, I have been
years.
In the course of
practices,
I realized
and
& exproble
Swimming for about ten
that just swimming is not enough for becoming faster. I found that
it is extremely necessary to ask. Why can not I swim as fast
as her (or him) in spite of the same amount of practice ?", "
and then, to think seriously the reason, to discover it,
to improve my way of swimming or training body. Moreover, I thinks
the importance
of
asking "Why" is not limited to sports or other
cultures such as art. Asking frequently "Why" is needed
in the academic field. For example, when we memory English words,
We are apt to forget them in short time by just looking at words.
But if we memorize them with their origin, the memories will take lase
hold more easily and for longer time. To conclude, asking "Why'
much
is essential for human beings to develop our society or cultures] lorger.
700%

ページ31:

政経
The Olympic Games should be abolished
I disagree with this opinion. I think the Olympic Games should
for
There are two reasons for my opinion.
be continued the future.
is a
Firstly, the Olympic Games contributes to world peace, and it itself
symbol of peace. Playing sports have nothing to do with religions
or each nations' history. Players in the Olympic Games compete each other
without political or religious problems, and in the end of games, they
admire each other's effort. For watchers, the Olympic Games is a
(respect)
opportunity to watch and enjoy great human's ability,
we are watching games, we regard players not as people who believe in
different religion but as pure human beings. Secondly, the Olympic
Games is one of a few opportunity for people in poor countries to
show their countries' good points to the world. Although they can not 177
perform well in economy, they sometimes move us by exellent physical @
ability. (To conclude, the Olympic Games is indispensable for the world.)
the Olympic Games should not be abolished.
Therefore,
比喩的すぎるかな?
players' performance
700
their economical situations are not good enough....
(170)

ページ32:

people who were born and have grown up in distant and
totally different countries
people have gown up in distant countries
which have completely different cultures from ours.

ページ33:

外大 2010 再々
要約
On an opinion board on the Internet,
a mother of a boy in junior
high school asked, I was surprised to be asked by my son whether
waily
You
allow
your
children to dine
he could have dinner in a restaurant with friends! Am I behind the
time? If
were in my place, will
you
out alone?" Many answered that basically, junior high school students,
Should have dinner at home. But some said, "I used to have dinner with
outside after a club activity, or,
There is no reason not to allow the him.
From this case, parents seem to have difficulty deciding in what range"
they allow. their children's dining out because there are more restraunts
where children can go into casually than in the past.
"1
Friends
Another mother, who is a mother of a girl in junior high school questioned
whether parents should allow their children to go to Tokyo Disney Land
with friends: Many answered affirmatively that going to TDL was more
downtown. But some advised to talk about emergency
or curfew in advance.
sathan
contact
Yus
me
A critic of education recommends to write down what accidents.
can happen and then to think how their children can avoid them.
On the other hand, a specialist of food education points out from
the view of food education that parents should teach their children
knowledge about food and table manners before allowing them to dine out. (233)
よろしくお願いします。
(時間は118分くらいかかりました。
①~④まで。ただ2回目でやっとり
時間内に終わったので、初見の
問題は…汗
とりあえずワセダを頑張って、
気持ちよく外大の対策
25日に向かえるようにします。
あとちょっとですがよろしくお願いしより) Trust me!
900/

ページ34:

意見
実がな
In
my opinion, IC is not necessary for parents to worry about their
children's going out alone too much. I know that there are uncountable
offense
City and that children, aged 13
or 14, lave very likely to
dang other people when they behave in public without parents or teachers.
DV spores games.
But overprotecting will prevent children from enjoying their only one
the precious time in their lives. For dining out, children often plan
to do so after special events such as school festivals
They want to admire their long efforts towards preparation or practices,
but they cannot do it in schools or stadiums because ridults force them
, to go out as soon as possible. So having dinner in restaurants is only
'The way they can choose. With having dinner, they talk about failure
and success, and they are somehow encouraged to keep working hard for
The future. For going to amusement parks.
or distant places, TC is also
essential experience for children. By the day they plan how they go.
to the place, what atractions they are going to enjoy, and so on.
When they thinking and talking about these with friends, they feel as i
they have become adults. Simply put, they unconciously cultivate their
independent minds. I think it is a important process for them to be
grown-ups in the future. Therefore, Parents
are
Should'
if
support their children's
a little trip by listening to their worries when they need rather than
forbid them to go out alone.
9000
(248)
いいね。

ページ35:

東大要約 10
SFはおもしろいものであるだけでなく、人間の想像力を拡大させる
という重要な目的を与えてくれるものである。SFでの発想が科学者の
理論に含まれ、ときにはどんなSFよりも奇妙な科学的事実が明らか
になるというように、SFと科学の間には相方向のやりとりがある。
SFと科学の関係の例として、SFが注目しつづけてきた光より速い移動
という問題がある。もし宇宙船が光よりもほんの少し遅い速さで
飛んだら、銀河への往復旅行は数年でいけるが、その間、地球では
×8000年が経過してしまう。この難題に可能性を与えたのが
・アインシュタインの相対性理論であり、この理論によれば
空間や時間をワープすることは、将来可能なことであるという。
しかし、このような話はあまりにSF風であるせいか真険な
研究は行われてこなかったし、宇宙の科学者も、こんな話に
税金を使うのは無駄だという文句を想像して、時間旅行を
専門用語で言い換えて、彼らの興味を表に出さない。
だが、今日のSFは未来の科学的事実となることがある。
故に、SFの裏にある科学を調査するのは間違いなく価値がある。
全体的に良いです。
ただこれでは全訳に近いので、
もう少し「論」の流れを
意識すると良いと思います。

ページ36:

東大要約 09
6~7才の頃、小さな硬貨を厚木の根元や歩道にある穴に隠し、
その在りかを示す大きなろを描きながら、この宇宙からの送りものを
受け取る幸運な歩行者のことを考え、興奮していた。
そして今、大人になって、見ることを考えたとき、この出来事を思い出す。
この世界には、多くの見るべきもの、無料の驚き、つまり、1ペニーで
溢れている。しかし、大人はたかが1ペニーで興奮はしない。
だが実際、1ペニーを拾うにも疲れていたり、忙しいことは恐ろしく
貧しいことだ。もし、健全な貧しさや心の単純さを養えば、
1ペニーを見つけることはあなたにとって本当に意味のあることになり、
世界には1ペニーがそこら中にあるのだから、発見づくしの人生が送れるだろう。