ページ3:

the '
Jer
3 / Known throughout the world/Kano was selected/o become the first Asian member of the International
中に
~に選ばれる
Olympic Committee/in 1909/Due to his efforts the Japanese people became interested in the
委員会
~のおかげで
Olympics/and
demand for the Olympicsho be held in Tokyo/farew/ Because of thisf the city of Tokyo decided to apply/lo best the
⑤~を求める
申し込む主催する
940 Olympics/However around that time, Japan withdrew from the League of Nations after the Manchurian
その頃
満州事変
/It was the worst possible situation for a country hoping
incideny/and the war between Japan and China broke out/it
to host the Olympics/
脱退する
勃発する
(予想される)
最悪な状況
①世界中に知られるように1909年、嘉納は選ばれ、国際オリンピック
委員会の最初のアジアのメンバーになった。
②彼の努力のおかげで日本人はオリンピックに興味を持つようになり、
東京でオリンピックが開かれるように求める声が大きくなった。
③このため東京は1940年オリンピックを主催するよう申し込むことを決めた
④しかしその頃、日本は満州事変の後、国際連合を脱退し、日本と中国
の間に戦争がおこった。
⑤オリンピックを主催したいと希望している国にとって最悪な状況だった。
い
* due to =
* demand for
thanks to
~tom
* around that time =
I grew
€increased)
in those days

ページ4:

B / Kano
4/ In 1936 the IOC meeting to decide on the host country/was held/In spite of the difficult situations/i
s selectedfas the host city
swayed the feelingy of the committee members from other countries/Finally/ Tokyo was
Unfortunately / two years later / Kano died on a i ship on his way home from another IOC meeting in Cairo at the
帰る途中に
age of 77/ What was worse/the Tokyo Olympics were cancelled in 1940 because of World War II./
さらに悪いことに
①1936年、オリンピックの開催国を決定するIOCの会議が開かれた。
②困難な状況にも関わらず、嘉納は他国からの委員会メンバーの気持ち
を変えた。
③ついに、東京は開催都市として選ばれた。
④不運なことに、2年後、嘉納はカイロでの別のIOC会議からの
帰国途中の船の上で当時17歳で亡くなった。
⑤さらに悪いことに、東京オリンピックは第2次世界大戦のために、1940年
中止された。
* What was worse
=
Tomake matters worse

ページ5:

5/However/Kano's efforts were
first included as
Vas an Olympic event / Japan
e rewarded/26 years later / In 1964/the Tokyo Olympics were held/ and judo was
I won three gold medalsyflout of four clases At the London Olympics/48
I won no gold medals/in men's judo for the first time/ However it proves/
years later to their disappointment/Japan
that judo has become popular in other countries Nowfabout 200 countries are members of the International Jul
Federation/Judo has completely become a world sport
① しかしながら、嘉納の努力は26年後に報われた。
②1964年、東京オリンピックは開催され、柔道が初めてオリンピックの種目
として含まれた。
③日本は4階級から3つの金メダルを獲った。
④48年後、ロンドンオリンピックでは、残念なことに、日本に初めて男子
柔道で1つも金メダルを獲れなかった。
⑤しかし
しかし、それは柔道は他の国々で人気がでているという証明
になる。
⑥今では、約200ヵ国が、国際柔道連盟のメンバーだ。
⑦ 柔道は、完全に世界のスポーツとなっている。
* to one's disappointment
unfortunately
の1つ
1残念なことに、

ページ6:

MAINSTREAM English Communication III
Comprehension
A
□に入る最も適当なものを, a ~d のうちから1つずつ選びなさい。
1. According to paragraph 1,
X.
Kano often bullied his classmates when he was young
⑥⑩. Kano discovered his own strong points through jujutsu
*
teaching self-discipline is one of the main goals of judo
Kano learned one particular style of jujutsu at Kodokan Dojo
2. According to paragraph 3,
b
C.
Kano failed to be a member of the IOC
失敗した
there was a growing demand among Japanese people to host the Olympic Games
要求への間に
Tokyo decided to give up running for the election to host the Olympic Games
Japanese people were indifferent to sports events in the early 1900s
Ahe
3. The 1940 Olympics were cancelled because
無関心な
a
Japan had political trouble with China
World War II broke out
the IOC members were still against choosing Tokyo as a host city
d. Kano Jigoro died and nobody took over his job
4. According to the passage,
the Tokyo Olympics were held in 1940
talk A into doing
Al~するよう
説得する
説
得してAに
Kano talked the government into avoiding the war with China - per quade A to do
政府
避ける
people in other countries have picked up judo and now it is an internationally popular sport
d. Kano demonstrated that sports are only for physical strength through his life
証明した
B 本文の主題に合う最も適当なものを1つ選びなさい。
〜させる
Kano Jigoro contributed greatly to inviting the Olympic Games to Tokyo as well as to promoting judo in many
B
B同様にA
countries.
#1293 ABEC as well as Ⓑ
提供する非常に人目をひく
b Founded by Kano Jigoro, judo has been spread in many countries and some of them are strong enough to
defeat Japan now.
c. Because of its long history, judo is an effective way to improve self-discipline.

ページ7:

MAINSTREAM English Communication III
C 本文の内容に合うように語群から適語を選び, 空所に入れなさい。 ただし, 文頭にくるべき文字
も小文字にしています。
Kano Jigoro learned different iujitsu styles in order to overcome his (1 physical) weakness. Combining thes
strong points and his own (2 (deas ), he created judo. As people in Japan (3demanded) that the Olympics
happen
(should be held in Tokyo, Kano worked hard to make it (persuaded). In spite of the difficult situations, he
要求
( Chosen) the IOC members and Tokyo was (X) happen ) to be the host country. (7ur for twock, however,
persurded
the 1940 Olympic Games were (8 called off because of World War II. In 1964, Kano's efforts were finally
(9rewarded) and the Tokyo Olympics were held. Thanks to his hard work, judo is now successfully
(10 promoted) throughout the world.
〜するのが上手くいった
called / chosen / demahded / happen / ideas / persuaded
physical / promoted / rewarded / unfortunately
D 本文の内容に合うように語群から適語を選び, 表を完成させなさい。
(2ヨーロッパ視察),後に講道館で(3 (海外
(4IOCメンバー)に選出
1882年
柔道を 創始),講道館を開校
1889年
1909年
東京オリンピック (5 招致 )活動開始
1936年
1940年の東京オリンピック開催(6決定
)
1938年
(7嘉納治五郎死去)
1940年
東京オリンピック (8 中止 )
東京オリンピック (9
開催)
1964年
)からの来訪者が柔道を学ぶ
→>>> 柔道は3つの金メダルを獲得
中正/開催/創始/海外/招致/決定
ヨーロッパ視察/嘉納治五郎死去 / IOC メンバー

ページ8:

Answer the following questions
1. What were Kano's goals when he made judo?
3. What happened to Kano in1909?
2. What did Kano do on the way to Europe in 1889?
4. Where and when did Kano die?
5. Why is it possible to say that judo has become a world sport?
B
☑
4.
He made judo so that it would be not only for enhancing a person's
Strength, but also for teaching self-discipline.
They were to enhance a person's strength and to teach self-discipline.
He was selected to become the first Asian member of the
International Olympic Committee.
He visited Europe in order to observe the conditions of education
He demonstreated judo on the ship.
He died on a ship on his way home from another LOC meeting
(in Cairo) in 1938
* It's because at the London Olympics, 48 years later to their
disappointment, Japan won no gold medals in men's judo for
the first time.
It is because about 200 countries are members of the
Judo Federation how.
Internationa
時間的順序のディスコースマーカーに下線を引きなさい。
Skill Check
内容と合うものには T, 合わないものにはFを記入しなさい。」
True or False
1. Kano successfully combined different styles of jujutsu into judo.
①
2. The political situation helped Kano to invite the Olympics to Tokyo.
(F)
3. Kano was happy to see the three medals Japan won in judo at the Tokyo Olympics. (F-)
i⑤
・ました
よくでき
たいへん

ページ9:

Date
1/In 1976 Muhammad Yunus from Bangladesh had a different idea about how to do banking help poor
people. He began with $27 of his own money and started to provide microfinance. The idea of microfinance
②
The bank gives very small loans to people so that they can start a trade or a business.
simple.
店を始める
Microfina
Microfinancing became very successful, and, as a result, thousands of poor people were able to escape from
poverty. In recognition of this work, which helped to improve the lives of so many poor people, Yunus (and
⑥
the Grameen Bank that he founded) won the Nobel Peace Prize in 2006.
①1976年、バングラデシュ出身のムハマド・ユヌスは貧しい人々を救う銀行業の
やり方に違った考えを持っていた。
②彼は27ドルの個人資金で、自立を目指そうとする貧困層へのごくわずかな
融資を提供しはじめた。
③そのマイクロファイナンスの考えは簡単だ
④銀行はとてもわずかなローンを人々に与えた。
彼らが貿易やビジネスを初められるように。
⑤ マイクロファイナンシングは結果を出し、大成功した。
1000人以上もの貧しい人々は貧困から脱出できた。
⑥ンの仕事は認められた、多くの人々の生活を改良し、救うことが
できるとして、ユヌスは
2006年にノーベル平和賞に。

ページ10:

Date
Pfrom
2 From Mr. Yunus' point of view, if poor people receive donations and aid from governments or
organizations, when the money and aid run out, the poor are often still in the same situation. On the other
hand, when they can get micro-loans, which are often $200 or less, they have a chance to start a business
and later earn money. With microfinancing, these people usually work very hard to pay back the loans.
When the loans are paid back, the bank does not lose money, and the borrower is also happy.
① ユヌスの観点からすると、もし、政府や団体から寄付や援助を
受けとったら、お金や援助がなくなったとき、貧しい人はしばしば
依然として同じ状況に18る。
②一方では、200ドルカそれ以下くらいの少額ローンを受けとったら
彼らはビジネスを始める機会を得て、そのあとお庭を稼ぐ。
マイクロファイナンスを使えば、こうした人たちは、ローンを返済するために
普通は一生懸命に働く。
④ ローンが返済されたら銀行はお金を失うこともなく、借りた人も
幸せになる。

ページ11:

3 / There are many examples of microfinancing success. One woman in a remote village in the Philippines
first took out a loan and then bought a cell phone. After that, she rented out the phone and charged people
for each phone call they made. This simple idea helped her support her family. Another woman in
Bangladesh took out a loan of only $40, and then she started a business selling dried fish, nuts, and
chocolates. She used the money not only to pay for the goods but also to buy the bus tickets allowing her to
ローンを組む
go from town to town making her sales.
①マイクロファイナンスが成功した例はたくさんある。
② フィリピンの都会から離れた村に住んでいた1人の女性が最初
ローンを受けとって、ケータイを買った。
③その後、彼女はそのケータイをかして、人々に電話料金を請求した。
④この単純な思いつきで家族を手助けできた。
⑤ バングラデシュに住むもう1人の女性は40ドルだけ口こを受けとり、
それから干し魚やナッツ、チョコレートを売る商売をはじめた。
⑥ 彼女はお金を商品の代金を支払うためだけどなく、街から街
へと行けるようにバスの切符を買うためにも使った。

ページ12:

利子
4 / Microfinance programs also provide people with other basic financial services that they need to grow
②
their money. They provide savings accounts, so that people can safely store their money and earn interest
③
over time. One of the most innovative aspects of microfinance is that it engages communities, not just
individuals. "Some microfinance institutions organize small groups of about five people, while others have
groups as large as fifty people. Individuals receive loans, but the group is responsible for repayment Sharing
the responsibility gives the bank assurance that the loan will be repaid.
14
ange
v
①マイクロファイナンス事業は人々にお金を増やすために必要な
他の基本的な金融サービスにも提供している。
②人々が安全にお金をためて、時間をかけて利益を稼ぐことができるようにする
ために、彼らは定期預金口座を提供しているが
③ マイクロファイナンスの最も革新的な面のうちの1つは、それが
個人だけでなく社会集団に従事させること。
④ 5人くらいの小さなグループを組織しているマイクロファイナンス機関
もあるし、一方で50人もいるグループもある。
⑤個人がローンを受けとるが、グループから返済に責任をもつ。
が
⑥責任を共有することで、ローンが返済されるという保証を銀行に
与えられるのだ。
Some
~
others
い
(ひの中には)~するものもあれば
help Ado
Aが~する手助けをする
とい
するものもある

ページ13:

t
役に立つ be helpful
Date
v serves over 7.4 million borrowers. This shows how
5 Thus, the small bank that Yunus started in 1976 now」
hiele
thinking small can help change people's lives, and it can change the world.
①このようにして、ユヌスが1976年に始めた小さな銀行は今では
740万人以上の借り手に役立っている。
②これはいかに小さく考えることが人々の生活を変え、世界を変える
ことができるということを表している。
micro finance
microfinancing
the small bank
small loans
micro-loans
Skill Check
例示・列挙・新情報の追加のディスコースマーカーに下線を引きなさい。
True or False 内容と合うものにはT, 合わないものにはFを記入しなさい。
1. Mr. Yunus gives out charity donations to poor people.
(F)
micro finance
2. Many people are able to start their own businesses with Mr. Yunus' help.
3. Microfinancing shows that thinking small can change the world.
()

ページ14:

MAINSTREAM English Communication III
Comprehension
A
□に入る最も適当なものを, a〜d のうちから1つずつ選びなさい。
1. According to paragraph 1, Mr. Yunus started microfinance because
a. he thought everyone should be rich
b. he helped people start big businesses
c. he wanted more customers for his bank
d. he wanted to help poor people to escape from poverty
help A (to) do
Aが~する手助けをする
2. According to paragraph 2, Mr. Yunus thinks that
のを助ける
Q
のに役立つ
~が…する(のに)
a. donations and aid are not really helpful for the poor to become self-supportive
b. donations and aid make the poor even poorer
C.
with microfinancing poor people can borrow money without time limit
d. with microfinancing the poor have to work very hard and become unhappy after all
3. According to paragraph 3,
a. a woman rented-a-cell phone from a bank for her new business
b. a micro-loan enabled a woman to charge a cell phone
c. a woman bought bus tickets with her loan and sold them in towns
d. microfinance allowed a woman to sell goods from town to town
S
to do
4. According to paragraph 5,
C
彼はAが~するのを可能に
する
a. Mr. Yunus had over 7.4 million customers in 1976
b. Mr. Yunus could not find many
borrowers
c. small loans can change the world
d. thinking about a small number of people can change the world
B 本文の主題に合う最も適当なものを1つ選びなさい。
a
Mr. Yunus helped poor people to be wealthy just like he did when he was young.
b. Mr. Yunus helped poor people to start their community to help each other and to be rich.
Ⓒ. Mr. Yunus helped poor people start their own businesses so that both the bank and the people would be
successful.
3

ページ15:

MAINSTREAM English Communication III
C 本文の内容に合うように語群から適語を選び、空所に入れなさい。
Mr. Yiumus had a different idea about (1) banking). He helped poor people escape from (2 Povert))
But he didn't think giving them (3donations) was a good idea because they would always be in the
which they were (6 program for paying back.
(4Situation). Instead he gave people (5yicro-
―その代わり
loan,
same
When they receive a loan, they start a small business. When they (7earn enough money, they
(repay) the loans. The (9bow av ers have done many things with their micro-loans. The
(10responsible) makes everyone happy because banks don't lose money, people get out of poverty and it
(8
changes many people's lives.
banking borrowers / donations
earn micro-loans
povérty / program / repay / responsible / situation
D 本文の内容に合うように語群から適語を選び, 表を完成させなさい。
ムハマド・ユヌスが27ドルの (1元手 でスタート
(2貧困者 の救済/3商売や事業の開始を後押しする
2006年(57ラシ
銀行)と共にノーベル平和賞を受賞
創
[1]
目的と内容
利用者(ビジネスモデル)の例
① フィリピン女性の場合
(6携帯電話)を購入し,それを人に貸与), 通話ごとに代金を請求
② バングラデシュ女性の場合
40 ドルの融資を受けて,魚や木の実の (8乾燥)食品の商品代金だけでなく,19余動
に必要なバスチケットを購入
販売
マイクロファイナンスのその他の財産形成向け金融支援サービス
① 定期預金口座の開設 ・現金の安全な保管と (10利子)の獲得
共同体単位での融資 (11返済)に対する連帯責任
→銀行への返済(12保証
に
寄与
返済/元手/乾燥/貧困者/商売/小口融資/グラミン銀行
貸与/移動販売/保証/利子/携帯電話
Ar
1.
2.
3

ページ16:

earn money
make money
Answer the following questions.
Date
2同じ
1. What does Mr. Yunus' bank do?
2. What often happens to poor people when they are just given money and aid?
3. What did the woman in the Philippines do after she bought a cell phone?
4. What does the bank receive when it gives a loan to a group?
助ける
5. The bank now has more than seven million borrowers. What does this show?
* He began with $29 of his own money and started to provide
microfinance. It gives very small loans to people so that they can
Start a trade or a business.
2. They are often still in the same situation when the money and
did run out.
3. She rented out the phone and charged people for each phone
call they made.
4. It receives assurance that the loan will be repaid.
5.
It
This shows how thinking small can help charge people's live,
and it can change the world,

ページ17:

Date
Leonardo da Vinci
Vincito
L famous Italian artist, scientist and inventor/In 1503/a wealthy silk merchant asked da
発明に人
paint a portrait of his wife to celebrate the birth of their sony Before finishing the painting/da Vinci moved
to France as he was invited they by the king of France Later the king bought the paining/and the woman and h
husbandnever s
r saw the finished portraiy Five hundred years later, however the woman's face has become the most
finished
famous Gandin al of history f The painting was the Mona Lisa/ which is now in the Louvre Museumn in Paris What
追加
= face
is so special about this painting?/
情報.andit
①レオナルド・ダ・ヴィンチは科学者で発明家のイタリアの有名な芸術家だ。
②1503年、1人の裕福な絹商人がダ・ヴィンチに妻の肖像画を彼らの息子の
誕生日を祝うために描いてほしいと頼んだ。
③それを描き終わる前に、ダ・ヴィンチはフランス国王が描いたことフランスへ行った
④国王は絵画を買った後で、その女性と旦那さんの肖像画を描き終わること
を見ることは決してできなかった。
⑤しかしながら、500年以上経った後で、その女性の顔は彼の歴史の中で
最も有名になった。
な顔
⑥その絵はモナ・リザで、今、パリのルーヴル美術館にある。
⑦どうしてこの絵が特別なのだろうか。

ページ18:

Date
29Every year @bout six million people visit the Louvre / and more than 80 percent of them foune mainly to see the
Mona Lisa/fts current insurance value is estimated at nearly $700 million. Everyone around the world knows the
④)
保険
name and image of this painting, even school children and average people. The painting has become very popular,
so it has been copied, praised, mocked, analyzed, and discussed more than any other painting.
賞賛まねる分析する
①毎年600万人ほどの人々がルーヴルに訪れ、その80%以上もの人の
目的がモナ・リザを見るためである。
②それは7億ドル近くの保険価値がある。
③ 世界中の人がこの絵の名前とイメージについて知っており、学生なども平均
以上の人々が知っている。
④その絵はとても有名になったから、コピーされ、賞賛されまねこされ、分析され、他の絵
よりも議論された。

ページ19:

Date
④②
are often quite disappointed. First of all this
30
3 / However/when people actually, see the Mona Lisa/they
masterpiece is surprisingly small, and in addition, it is almost always surrounded by crowds of tourists. In short, the
Mona Lisa is frustratingly difficult to see. People often Yonder why this painting gets all the attention while the
other da Vinci paintings in the same museum do not. In fact, the Mona Lisa, like so many other important
paintings, never got much attention for several hundreds of years, Something unusual happened to the Mona Lisa
which changed everything.
①しかしながら人々は実際にモナ・リザを見ると、彼らは失望する。
とても
②1つ目にこの名作は驚くほど小さい、加えて、いつも多くの観光客によって
囲まれている。
③加えて、見づらくていらいらする
④人々は常に思う なぜこの絵は他のどの作品よりも目をひくのか。
⑤ 実際、モナ・リザは他の絵画のように作られて何百年が注目を浴びて
いなかった。
⑥ モナリザに何か普通でないことがあった、それが全てを変えた

ページ20:

(自
~が隠
hide他~を隠す
れる
took off
取りはずす
Date
=remore
41m 1911 an unhappy museum employee, Vincenzo Peruggia, took the painting off the wall and then hid in a
broom closet until the museum closed. And then he walked out without anyone noticing that the painting was
動名詞
~せずに
under his coat. He stole the painting because he believed it should belong in Italy
shoung
not in France. Finally,
however Peruggia hid the painting in his apartment for two years, When he attempted to sell it to a museum in
Florence/ he was arrested./
11
try todo
~しようとする
~することを
企てる
①1911年、美術館の不幸な従業員ビンセンツォ・ペルージャが壁から
「モナ・リザ」をとって、それから美術館が閉まるまで、ほうき入れの中に隠して
隠れた。
②それから、モナ・リザがコートの下にあるとは誰にも気付かれないで、歩いて
出ていきました。彼
③モナ・リザはフランスではなく、イタリアにあるべきだと信じていたので、
彼は絵を盗んだのだ。 国内
国内
④しかし、最終的には、ペルージャは2年間自分のアパートに「モナリザ」
を隠したままだった。
⑤ フィレンツェの美術館にモナリザを売ろうとした時に、ペルージャは
逮捕された。

ページ21:

Date
5/ The French public was
; amiazed by the bold thef/and excited by the painting's unexpected discovery/The
Italians, too, were thrilled by Peruggia's patriotism for Italy, and treated him more like a hero than a criminal.
Before the Mona Lisa was returned to France, it was shown all over Italy.
①フランス国民は大胆な窃盗に驚き、この絵の予想外の発見に
興奮した。
②イタリアの人たちも、ペルージャのイタリアへの愛国心に感動し
ペルージャを犯罪者というより英雄のように扱った。
はむしろ
③モナ・リザは、フランスに返される前に、イタリア中で展示された。
more A than B
A rather than B
= not so much Bas A
BというよりはむしろA
Skill Check
言い換え・要約・結論のディスコースマーカーに下線を引きなさい。
True or False 内容と合うものにはT, 合わないものにはFを記入しなさい。
1. The main purpose of about half of the visitors to the Louvre is to see the Mona Lisa.
2. The Mona Lisa gets as much attention as the other da Vinci paintings. ((F),
Gdoesn't get
3.A museum employee stole the Mona Lisa because he thought the painting should be in Italy.
(T)

ページ22:

Comprehension
A1~3は
□に入る最も適当なものを, 4 は設問に対する最も適当なものを, a ~d のうち
から1つずつ選びなさい。
1. According to paragraph 1,
4.
a rich merchant asked da Vinci to paint a portrait of his son
a wealthy merchant asked da Vinci to paint a portrait of his wife
the king of France ordered da Vinci to paint the Mona Lisa
a king invited da Vinci to France because he liked the Mona Lisa very much
2. Paragraph 3 suggests that
a.
b
some of the visitors who come to see the Mona Lisa are disappointed at the other da Vinci paintings
all the visitors who see the Mona Lisa realize that it is a masterpiece
c. most of the visitors to the Louvre enjoy the Mona Lisa and the other da Vinci paintings
d. not all the visitors to the Louvre are satisfied with the Mona Lisa
3. This passage suggests that
a.
(
the person who bought the Mona Lisa knew that it would become famous
b. the person who stole the Mona Lisa thought that he would earn a lot of money
c. the Mona Lisa was famous even when da Vinci finished painting it
d. the Mona Lisa had not been famous until it was stolen and found
.
hot B until A
AまでBしない
It is not until A
てBする
that BACZ (021
(になって)
4. Which of the following statements is true?
a. The person who asked da Vinci to paint a portrait was glad to see the finished painting.
b. Everyone around the world except school children and average people knows the name and image of the
Mona Lisa.
It took more than two years to get back the stolen Mona Lisa.
d. The Italians blamed Peruggia for having stolen the Mona Lisa.

ページ23:

Date
MAINSTREAM English Communication III
B 本文の主題に合う最も適当なものを1つ選びなさい。
a.
The Mona Lisa is as great as the other da Vinci works of art.
The Mona Lisa is unique and strange.
c. The Mona Lisa should be exhibited in Italy.
C 本文の内容に合うように語群から適語を選び, 空所に入れなさい。
Vinci moved from Italy to France, and later the king of France bought it. The painting is the Mona Lisa. The Mona
Lisa is now (4 exhibited) in the Louvre Museum in Paris and seen by six million people a year. However, when
(4 exhibited)
people see it, they are often (Sdisappointed because it is small and (6uycunded by crowds of tourists. Why is it
so famous? In 1911, a museum (Zemployee stole the painting and hid it for two years because he thought it should
(8 belong) to Italy. He was caught and ( 9 arrested), but many Italians thought he was a hero rather than a
(10cfming). Before the Mona Lisa was returned to France, it was shown all over Italy.
arrested
belong / criminal / disappointed / employee
exhibited / finishing / merchant / porfait
surrounded
D 本文の内容に合うように語群から適語を選び,表を完成させなさい。
1503年に富裕な(1絹商人)が(2)
ノの肖像画を注文→完
成前にダ・ヴィンチがフランスに移住。後に(3)がその肖像
モナ・リザの製作
画を購入 → 500 年後,保険価額(4/7億
ドル,年間来館者
(5600万)人の大半が目当てにする絵
1911年、美術館の従業員がモナ・リザとともに(6清掃)入れに隠
れ、閉館後に持ち出し
盗難事件
用具
動機‥ (7
からイタリア人の作品は8イタリア
にて所
蔵すべきとの信念
2年後、イタリアの美術館に売却直前に 19逮捕)
事件の結末
->
(10)フランス
への返却前にイタリア国内で巡回展示
600万/7/イタリア/フランス/フランス国王
/逮捕/愛国心/絹商人/清掃用具

ページ24:

Date
5.
Answer the following questions
1. Who was the model for the Mona Lisa?
2. How well is the Mona Lisa known?
3. Why are people often disappointed when they actually see the Mona Lisa?
4. What happened to the Mona Lisa in 1911?
5. How did the Italians treat the man who had stolen the Mona Lisa?
× A wealthy silk merchant's wife was.
It was the wife of a wealthy silk merchant in Italy
2. Everyone around the world knows the name and image of this painting.
X
its name and
image.
It's because first of all, this masterpiece is surprisingly small,
and in addition, it is almost always surrounded by crowds of
tourists and frustratingly difficult to see,
It is because it is surprising small and is almost always
surrounded by crowds of tourist (, and it is frustratingly
difficult to see. )
14. It was stolen by a museum employee because he believed it should
belong in Italy
They treated him more like a hero than a criminal.

ページ25:

Date
r/m
①
in jce..
1/ With so much water on the earth./how could there possibly be a water problem? / Of all the world's water, only
2.5 percent is not salty and can be used by human beings. Out of that tiny percentage, two-thirds is frozen in i
caps and glaciers and so cannot be easily used. Of the remaining third, 20 percent is located in remote places. The
rest of the unsalted water comes as rain, but this rainwater is often unusable or wasted. For these reasons, humans
can use less than 0.08 percent of the water on the planet/
①地球上には多くの水があるのに、どうして水問題は起こるのだろうか
②世界中の水のうち、わずか2.5%が塩分でなく、人間によって使われる。
③そのわずかなパーセンテージのうち、3分の2は凍っているため、簡単には
使うことができない。
④残りの3分の1の20%は遠いところに位置している。
⑤残りの塩分のない水は雨になるが、この雨水はしばしば使えなかったり、
無駄になる。
⑥そのような理由から、人間は惑星上の水の0.08%以下の水しか使え
ない。
①
2/A
over
seve
addi
mog

ページ26:

Date
①
several causes./
water/and water use is expected to grow by 40 percent
2 / At the same time/people today are using more and more
over the next twenty years by then three billion people will face a shortage of water the shortage will have
Ises. First/the human population is rapidly growing, so there will be more people who need water? In
addition/people are becoming richer Ás people get more money, their lifestyles change, and they use more and
more natural resources/including water /
①同時に、今日、人々はより多くの水を使用しており、水の使用は
今後20年間で40%の成長が見込まれている。
②それまでに30億人が水不足に直面するだろう。
③水不足にはいくつかの要因がある。
まず、人口が急速に増えているので、水を必要とする人はさらに
増えるだろう。
⑤さらに、人々は豊かになっている。
⑥人々はより多くの生活習慣を獲得し、水を含むより多くの
天然資源を利用する。

ページ27:

Date
3/ Second, most water is used for agriculture. Seventy percent of the water used today is for growing crops.
However, up to 50 percent of that water is actually wasted. Moreover, modem ways of farming use more water.
実際は、
その上
Another cause is pollution Development not only increases the demand for water but also makes some water
supplies unusable Water from modem industries is often polluted. This means it cannot be reuse pil
the amount available for people.
①2番目に多く使われているのは農業だ。
②今日、70%もの水が作物を育てるのに使われている。
③しかしながら、50%の水が実際は捨てられている。
④その上、現代の牧畜の方法は多くの水を使う
⑤ 他の原因として汚染がある。
thus reducing
4/
WOI
500
分構
sho
= and this reduces
tha
⑥発展は水の需要を増やすだけでなく、使用に適さない多くの水の供給
を生み出してしまうのだ。
⑦ 現代産業からの水はたびたび汚染されている。
(8)
これは再利用できないということを意味し、したがって人々にとって利用可能
な量を減らしているのだ

ページ28:

Date
ces
4 / Water shortages will likely be a disaster in the future but they are already a major problem 4/20 percent of the
world's population/do not have safe drinking water/and 50 percenty have poor sanitation /
As a result, hearty
Sanitation. As
500,000 young children / die every year This could get much worse in the future. Because of serious water
shortages/large numbers of people will have to leave dry areas and i move to wetter regions / Another possibility is
that there may be wars as governments try to control water
rresources/
①水不足はおそらく将来災害になるが、それらはすでに主要な問題だ。
②世界の人口の20%が安な飲料水を飲んでおり、50%は貧しい下水設備
を持っている。
③結果として、ほぼ50万人の幼い子どもたちが毎年亡くなっている。
④それは将来をはるかに悪くする可能性がある。
⑤深刻な水不足のために多くの人々は乾燥地帯から湿った地域へ移動
しなければならない。
⑥ もう1つの可能性として水資源を配しようとする政府の間で勉費が起こるかも
しれない。

ページ29:

Date
①
5/One possible solution to the water shortage problem is technology. Salt can be removed from seawater in
desalination plants, but it is expensive. A better solution is learning how to use water more efficiently and
(4)
effectively. Better water use will require international cooperation, which means developed nations will have to
learn to use less water.
①水不足の問題の可能な解決策は科学技術だ
②塩は脱塩場で海水から除去することができるが、それは高価だ
③よりよい解決策として効率的で効果的な水の使い方が考えられている。
④ よりよい水の使用は先進国がより少ない水の使用を学ぶ必要があり、
国際的な協力が必要だ
MAI
Com
A 1
から
1.
a.
b
C
d
Skill Check
原因・理由と結果のディスコースマーカーに下線を引きなさい。
True or False
内容と合うものには T, 合わないものにはFを記入しなさい。
1. Only 2.5 percent of the water on the earth is available for us today. (F
2. The change of lifestyles is one of the major causes of water shortage.
T
3. Countries may fight against each other over water resources in the future.
(T)

ページ30:

Date
MAINSTREAM English Communication III
Comprehension
A 1~3は
□に入る最も適当なものを, 4 は設問に対する最も適当なものを, and のうち
から1つずつ選びなさい。
1. According to paragraph 3,
a. water that comes out from some factories is polluted and unusable
b. people are making better use of water for agriculture today than in the past
make use of
~を利用する
~
c. the more developed industry is, the less water it requires
d. the increase in population results in the increase of the amount of wasted water
2. According to paragraph 4, ☑à:
a.
~もまにない
50% of the world's population have poor sanitation and 20% do not have safe drinking water either
b. the number of children who die will still stay the same from now on
(継続)
・今からずっと、
c. people will be forced to move to dry areas where water resources are far away
~せざるをえない。
d. wars over water resources have broken out in some areas
3. According to the passage,
(= occur, happen)
a. the amount of water use will increase by fifty percent in the next twenty years
b. more water should be allowed to be used in agriculture
c. technology to remove salt from sea water has not been developed yet
d. richer countries should reduce the amount of water use
4. Which of the following is NOT described in the text?
a. Much of the water on earth is seawater.
b. More than half of the unsalted water is in a form that is hard to use.
C
Water covers three-quarters of the surface of the earth.
The rainwater is often wasted.

ページ31:

Date
1
= international cooperation.
B 本文の主題に合う最も適当なものを1つ選びなさい。
Countries have to work together to solve the water shortage problem, and especially developed nations must
国々は互いに
reduce the amount of water they use.
b. Since only a little amount of water is available to us, three billion people will suffer from water shortage in the
next twenty years.
c. In order to solve the water shortage problem, we must develop new technology which costs less than it does
today.
C 本文の内容に合うように語群から適語を選び、空所に入れなさい。
The amount of water ( 1qvailable for humans is very (21imited). In addition to the rapid increase in
human (3populatio), the changes in their lifestyles lead them to use more water. Modern agriculture is also
(4wasting)
14 increasing amounts of water. As a result, water shortages are already a (5 (majey) issue in
= more and more
some countries, where many children die because of (6 unclean) water. In the future, (7/wars ) may break
out over water resources. Learning more (8 efficient) use of water resources and cooperating at a
(9 Keys) level are the (10 global) to the solution to the water shortage problem.
global
tkeys
available / efficient / global / keys / limited / major
population / unclean / war's / wasting
D 本文の内容に合うように語群から適語を選び, 表を完成させなさい。
現状
(125)%だけが淡水, そのうち多くは(2)など
→人間が利用できるのは全体の (3/0.08)%未満
①(4人口増加)と生活様式の変化
Answ
1. E
2.1
3.
4.
原因
②(5農業用水)の増加
③ (6糖質汚染の深刻化
水不足
問題
解決策
② 居住地域の移動
① 貧しい国での(7
)の悪化
環境
戦争
③水資源をめぐる
①水を(効率的)に無駄なく使う工夫
②水を無駄にしないための (10国際協力
戦争/26/0.08/効率的/国際協力/人口増加
氷河/水質汚染/農業用水/衛生環境

ページ32:

Date
1) The more tax you pay, the better social welfare you can get. Is this true? Some say that paying higher taxes
④
leads to a better social welfare system, others believe there are disadvantages. Let's compare Finland, which has its
excellent health and social services with high taxes, and Japan, which needs to raise its consumption tax to help
make the nation's social welfare system sustainable.
①あなたが支払う税金が増えるほど、より良い社会福祉を得ることができる。
②これは本当だろうか。
③税金を高くすると社会福祉制度が改善され、他の人々には不利な点が
あるとの見方もある。
④優れた保健・社会福祉サービスを高い倍率で抱えているフィンランドと、社会
福祉制度を持続可能にするために消費税を引き上げる必要のある日本を
比較してみる。

ページ33:

Date
and
2 / First let's look at how much tax people in Finland actually pay and compare it with that in Japan. While
income tax can be over 50% in Finland, it is from 5 to 40% in Japan. The Finnish VAT, which is a form of
consumption tax, is over 20%, whereas the consumption tax in Japan is much lower. Finns pay much more tax
④
than people in Japan.
①まず、実際にフィンランドの税金はどれくらい支払われているか見てみる。
②
フィンランドでは所得税が50%を超えることがあるが、日本では5%
40%だ。
2
①消費税の一種であるフィンランドの付加価値税は20%を超えているが、
日本の消費税はそれよりもはるかに低い。
④ フィンランド人は日本人よりもずっと多くの税金を払っている。

ページ34:

Date
③
3/Now let's see the differences in the social welfare systems between Finland and Japan, Finns are farious for
receiving some of the best childcare, medical, and education services in the world. Their pension system.
guarantees that the retired are able to live comfortably. The Finns pay high taxes but have a high-quality welfare.
system that is available to everyone.
①どは、フィンランドと日本の間での社会福祉制度の違いをみてみよう
②フィンランド人は世界で最も良い保育・医療・教育のサービスのいくつかを
受け取っていることで有名だ。
③彼らの年金の制度は退職した人々が不自由なく暮らすことができるように
保証している。
④フィンランド人は高い税金を払っているが、誰もが手に入れることができる
質の高い福祉制度をもっている。

ページ35:

Date
4 / In Japan, on the contrary, those with lower incomes may have difficulty living comfortably after retirement
Chough Japan's burden on the taxpayer is less than that of Finland, paying less tax means that Japanese have to use
the private sector to find childcare, education and medical services. In times of trouble it means the poor have less
child
of a safety net to fall back on Japan is expecting an aging population and it will be increasingly difficult for the
後退する
ますます
government to guarantee that future pensions will be paid.
年金
①日本では逆に、所得の低い人は、退職後に快適に生活することができない
可能性がある。
②日本の納税者への負担はフィンランドの負担よりも小さいが、税金を払うことは、
日本人が育児、教育、医療サービスを探すために民間部門を利用しなければ
ならないということを意味する。
③トラブル時には、貧しい人たちがセーフティーネットを使い果たしてしまうことを
意味する。
④日本は人口の高齢化を予期しており、将来の年金が支払われることを政府が
保証することは、ますます困難になるだろう。

ページ36:

Date
①
②
5 / When the welfare system works, people are willing to pay into it On the contrary, when the system cannot
guarantee future pensions or has other problems, people are less willing to pay. As you can see in Finland, high
taxes actually lead to a high-quality social welfare system.
①福祉制度が働くと、人々はそれを支払う意思がある。
②逆に制度が将来の年金を保証できない場合やその他の問題がある場合、
人々は支払う意志があまりない。
③ フィンランドでもわかるように、高い税金は実際には高品質の社会福祉
制度につながる。

ページ37:

①
Date
④
6 / Are there any disadvantages in paying higher tax for better social welfare? It seems in Japan that people are less
③
dependent on the government and have more freedom to do what they want with their money. They can choose
the services that suit them best. In contrast, a good welfare system in Finland limits those with high incomes who
want other choices and the freedom to do as they please with their money.
①より良い社会福祉のために高い税金を払うことに不利な点にあるか
②日本では、人々は政府に依存することが少なく、彼らの金で望むことを
自由にすることができる。
③ 彼らは彼らに最も適したサービスを選ぶことができる。
④契約上、フィンランドの優れた福祉制度は、他の選択肢を望む
所得の高い人と、お金で喜んでできる自由を制限している。