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語数: 424語
出題校 : 鹿児島大
10
15
5
I have a friend who likes to barbecue on his back deck. He puts charcoal in the
grill, squirts* some lighter fluid* on the charcoal, and throws a match on it. The
lighter fluid goes "BOOM," but somehow his charcoal never starts burning. So he
squirts more lighter fluid, lights another match, and watches it blow up again while
his wife and I make fun of him. He makes frequent trips to the store for more lighter
fluid. One day his wife commented, "Charlie's charcoal grill runs on lighter
fluid."
(1)-
In a way, muscle is like that grill. Muscle burns both fat and sugar: the sugar
burns instantly like lighter fluid, yielding only a small amount of energy, but the fat
continues to burn for a long, long time, like charcoal ( A ). You get lots more
calories, or energy, from a fat molecule* than you do from a sugar molecule. When
you're playing active sports you may run out of sugar; you never run out of fat.
We now know that even people who are starving never, never, never ( B ) all of
their body fat. This may surprise you, since starving or anorexic* people look so
emaciated*, but there is fat even on the bodies of people who weigh only seventy-five
pounds. They look like skeletons when they die because they lose so much muscle,
but autopsies show that they still have ten or fifteen pounds of fat hidden inside.
These people do not, in fact, starve to death.
(2)-
Nobody in the history of the earth has ever actually starved to death.
(3) At some
20 point during starvation, as the body runs out of glucose* it starts using protein for
fuel. In the process of burning protein, it taps* the immune system antibodies*, which
are proteins. Starving people become highly susceptible* to bacteria and viruses;
they die of infectious diseases precipitated* by lack of protein in their bodies.
(4)
(5)-
Like starving people, those who are very fit occasionally have lighter-fluid
25 problems. During long, rigorous sports events their muscles run out of sugar. When
that happens, their energy drops abruptly* because the burning of fat, triggered by
sugar's spark, has ceased. Athletes think they run out of energy because their sugar
has run out, but in reality, they have plenty of "fat energy" left ( C ). They constantly
look for ways to store more sugar in their muscles, mistakenly thinking that sugar is
their primary fuel. But it is only the starter fluid; fat is the primary fuel.
30
10
*
squirt 「吹きかける」 lighter fluid 「液体燃料」 molecule 「分子」 anorexic 「拒食症の」
emaciated 「やせ衰えた」
autopsy 「解剖」 glucose 「ブドウ糖」
tap 「資源として活用する」 immune system antibody 「免疫系の抗体」
susceptible 「影響されやすい」 precipitate 「突然引き起こす」 abruptly 「突然、不意に」
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ページ2:

1 彼の妻 (his wife) はなぜ下線部 (1) のように言ったのか。 理由を日本語で説明しなさい。
(鹿児島大)
2 (A)
(C) に入れるのに最も適切なものを1つずつ選びなさい。
(鹿児島大)
(A)
because sugar does not need charcoal
2
③3
once it gets started
even if it does not get started
④only when it burns easily
1
make up
(2) put out
3 take in
④ use up
(1)
and know many ways to draw from it
(2)
and try to find ways to avoid it
3
but cannot survive without it
(4)
but no way to draw from it
13 下線部 (2) のような状況が生じる医学的理由を60字以内の日本語で説明しなさい。
(鹿児島大)
Te lo showW
A
4
下線部 (3) it の意味がはっきりわかるようにして日本語にしなさい。
のを明確にしな
wood to a bobrin
(鹿児島大)
lube
ALLO
105 190
5
下線部(4)の説明としてふさわしいものを1つ選びなさい。miarbon)
bas yaud not
①People try hard to make up for the loss of sugar while they really need glucose.quib
2 People run out of fat because they take in too much sugar.
(3
People burn out sugar though they still have enough fat.
4 People suffer from lack of fat when they really need it.
6
下線部(5)を that の意味がはっきりわかるようにして日本語にしなさい。
7
fat と sugar について本文の内容と一致するものを1つ選びなさい。
bed There
bias ved loop
(鹿児島大)
①Fat acts like lighter fluid while sugar acts like charcoal in the grill.
2 Fat in the body never runs out while sugar runs out quickly.
mid blo
3 Sugar helps people to be immune from some infectious diseases while fat keeps
people fit.
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mmi borse and adT
4 Fat starts burning in the body at the first stage while sugar begins to burn later.