Senior High
All
English

神戸大学 英語過去問

28

4629

0

すず

すず

Senior HighAll

2013・2014年度の神戸大学の英語の試験の見直しノートです。
2014年度の分はましゅまろ☆さんのノートを参考にさせていただきました!

Comment

No comments yet

ノートテキスト

ページ1:

<神戸大学 2014 英語>
I Read the text and answer the following questions. (35)
In many countries around the world, it is common for the state to ask its
citizens if they will volunteer to be organ donors. Now, organ donation is one of
those issues that bring out strong feelings from many people.) On the one hand,
it's an opportunity to turn one person's loss into another person's salvation. But
on the other hand, it's more than a little perplexing to be making plans for your
organs that don't involve you. It's not surprising, therefore, that different people
make different decisions, nor is it surprising that rates of organ donation vary
considerably from country to country. It might surprise you to learn, however,
how much cross-national variation there is. In a study (conducted a few years
ago two psychologists, Eric Johnson and Dan Goldstein, found that (at)
which citizens consented to donate their organy varied across different European
countries, from as low as 4. 25 percent to as high as 99.98 percent. What was
even more striking about these differences is that they weren't scattered all over
the spectrum but rather were clustered into two distinct groups-one group
(that had organ-donation rates in the single digits and teens and one group that
had rates in the high nineties-with almost nothing in between]
What could explain such a huge difference? That's the question I put to a
classroom of bright college undergraduates not long after the study was
published. Actually, what I asked them to consider/was two anonymous
countries. A and B. In country A roughly 12 percent of citizens agree to be
organ donors, while in country B. 99.9 percent do. So what did they think was
different about these two countries that could account for the choices of their
Fill in the blanks ( X ) and ( Y ) with the most suitable word you can
find in the first paragraph for (X) and the third paragraph for (Y).
x differences rates
(x) esset.
+ (x) at →
ate受けるのは rate
☆(x)が主語となることがわかれば
different
rates
rates を合てはめることができる!
Explain the underlined part marked (1) in Japanese, using around 70
characters. Punctuation should be counted as one character.
→[[]]をまとめればよい
(that they weren't at all over the spectrum,
(範囲・領域)
散らばる
Countries
but other were clustered into two distinct group
を集めて一にする
in the single digits 148
***
with almost nothing
☆ in teens 「10(パーセント)台で」
(=)
in between.
引き起こす •Salvation #
[B7]
• bring out
"Consent
同意する
to do ~
ヨーロッパの国々では、国民が提供に同意するが2割に満たない国と、
9割台後半の国にはっきりと二極化し、その中間はほぼ皆無だったこと。

ページ2:

citizens? Being smart and creative students, they came up with lots of
possibilities. Perhaps one country was secular while the other was highly
religious. Perhaps one had more advanced medical care, and better success rates
at organ transplants, than the other. Perhaps the rate of accidental death was
higher in one than another, resulting in more available organs. Or perhaps one
本体的に
12
had a bighly socialist culture, emphasizing the importance of community, while
the other prized the rights of individuals.
All were good explanations. But then came the curveball, Country A was in
fact Germany, and country B was...Austria. My poor students were puzzled-
what on earth could be so about Germany and Austria? But they
tuts varied/different
weren't giving up yet. Maybe there was some difference in the legal or education
systems that they didn't know about? Or perhaps there had been some important
event or media campaign in Austria that had encouraged support for organ
AVA
donation. Was it something to do with World War 11? Or maybe Austrians and
Germans are more different than they seem. My students didn't know what the
reason for the difference was, but they were sure it was something (7)-
極度の
you don't see extreme differences like that by accident) Well, no-but you can
甘じるわけないと
get differences like that for reasons that you'd never expect. And for all their
creativity, my students never guessed the real reason, which is actually absurdly
(1): In Austria, the default choice is to be an organ donor, whereas in
Germany the default is not to be. The difference (in policies seems ( 1 )
it's just the difference between having to mail in a simple form/and/not having
to-but it's enough to push the donor rate from 12 percent to 99.9 percent. And
what was true for Austria and Germany was true across all of Europe-all the
w
countries with very high rates of organ donation had opt-out policies, while the
ポリシー
countries with low rates were all opt-in
Thigh
*From Everything Is Obvious: Once You Know the Answer by Duncan J. Watts, Crown
Publishers, Inc.
4 Translate the underlined sentence marked (2) into Japanese.
*Perhaps
⇒ ひょっとすると(たぶん」よりも確信度)
(訳) ひょっとすると、一方の国ではもう一方の国が高く
結果として移植に用いることのできる臓器がより多かったのかもしれない。
-
*secular 宗教色のない
t
+religious - $
prize
-
*for all
policy-
2 Choose the most suitable word below to fill in the blanks (7) to
(). Write the letters (A) to (D) that correspond to your answer.
big
(C) trivial
- にもかかわらず important
Csimple
A big
(C trivial
「~について言える」
*be true for~
simple
→ vig
nonsensical
I
Badvanced
Simple
(D) meaningless
5 Explain "the real reason" in the underlined part marked (3) in Japanese, using
around 60 characters. Punctuation should be counted as one character.
default cheke (1)
()
(B) advanced
D nonsensical
{
オーストリア
供
-cat
しないといけない
ドイツ
示をしないかぎり、者にならない
中(者) オーストリれる児をしなければ
ドイツでは ないこと
したことになり、
が採用されていること。