ページ3:

When the scientists mapped a creature's top speed versus
③ (ア)
~に対して
weight
~の状態の(で)
0
its weight, they got an inverted-U-shaped graph, with moderately
形逆の
B
sized animals on top, they report today in Nature Ecology and Evolution.
On the largest scale, the trend doesn't seem to be related to
(3)
y the / this/
that/....
前を見ろ!
biomechanics, or how an animal's body parts are arranged and how
生物(生体力学
its joints function, among other factors, Hirt says.
務め
配置する
The fastest animals on Earth-whether they run, swim, or fly-
are mid-sized creatures, not the miniscule or the mighty.
~により引き起こされる
That trend is driven by metabolic constraints in muscle tissue,
③(イ)
引き起こす
a new study suggests.
東縛
制限
説明(筋肉) カ)
急激に収縮する
Very large animals have more "fast-twitch" muscle fibers needed
during a sprint and can in theory accelerate for longer periods,
疾駆(足)
but those tissues soon run out of oxygen and thus reach max
performance long before supermassive creatures ever reach
非常に大きな
their theoreticalmaximum speed.
3 (P) 生物の最高速度と体重をマッピングすると、中型動物を
頂点とする逆U字型になったという傾向こと Gooo
(イ)
It seems that the trend is related not To biomechanics but to
be driven by metabolic constraints in muscle tissue.
(a much more fundamental metabolic constraint.

ページ4:

Instead, it appears to be related to a much more fundamental
国(1)
根本的な
metabolic constraint: the length of time required for the animal
to reach its theoretical maximum speed, based on the number
of "fast-twitch" muscle fiber cells in the creature's muscles,
as compared to the length of time it takes for those cells to run out of
readily available energy.
("Fast-twitch" muscle fibers contract more quickly
than "slow-twitch" fibers and generate more force more quickly,
but they also fatigue more quickly.)
According to the researchers' notion, the "fast-twitch"
巨大な
(4)
muscle fibers in immense creatures Such as elephants and whales/run
S莫大な大きな
out of cellular fuel long before they can reach max speed based
(S)
on the overall number of such fibers.
巨大な
(V)
(0)
④象や鯨のような大きな動物の「急激に収縮する」筋繊維は
そのような繊維のすべてに基づいた最高速度に達する前に
細胞の燃料を使い果たす。(から出して)
よりずっと
10

ページ5:

The study is also a good starting point for revealing other factors
that influence a creature's maximum speed, says Christofer Clemente,
an ecophysiologist at the University of the Sunshine Coast
in Maroochydore, Australia, who wasn't involved in the research.
One such unexplained trend is that warm-blooded land animals
⑤.
are usually faster than cold-blooded creatures of comparable size,
形同等の
whereas at sea the reverse is usually true.
(5)
大きさが同等の場合
⑤海の中では温血動物の方が遅く、冷血動物の方が速く
動くこと。(恒温)
(変温)
→海中では、大きさが同等の場合、冷血動物の方が混血動物
エリも速いこと。 (3)